Eugène Soubeiran

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Eugène Soubeiran

Eugène Soubeiran , (born May 24, 1797 in Paris , † November 17, 1858 ibid) was a French chemist and pharmacist. He discovered the same time as Justus Liebig and Samuel Guthrie , the chloroform

Live and act

Soubeiran, a member of a Protestant family from the Cevennes (whose father had a wool spinning and bleaching mill ), first lived with them in Houilles , a village near Paris, then trained as a pharmacist in Paris and studied pharmacy and botany (with Fulcrand Nicolas Pouzin, Professor of Natural History of Medicines and Botany) at the University of Montpellier .

He then worked in a pharmaceutical company in Paris and took up further training in chemistry in the evenings. He then successfully spent three years as an employee at a Paris hospital pharmacy.

In 1823 he became head of the pharmacy of the Hospital de la Pitié in Paris and in 1832 of the central pharmacy of all Paris hospitals. He was from 1833 professor at the École Supérieure et Spéciale de Pharmacie (for pharmacy and physics) and from 1853 for pharmacy at the University of Paris .

In 1831 he produced chloroform by mixing chlorinated lime ( chloride of lime ) with alcohol and then distilling the mixture (the exact chemical processes discovered and described by Jean-Baptiste Dumas in 1834).

In 1838 Soubeiran represented nitrogen nitrogen. He wrote a textbook on pharmacy (Traité de pharmacie théorique et pratique, 1835/36, new edition 1840), which was also translated into German, and worked for the Pharmacopée francaise.

In addition to organic chemistry (he studied camphene and is a co-discoverer of Cubebin from cubeb pepper with Hyacinthe Capitaine) and pharmacy, he dealt with iodine and chlorine compounds, mercury, sulfur, nitrogen and arsine and he succeeded in producing calomel as Powder, with which he broke an English monopoly that existed at the time. Calomel ( mercury (I) chloride ) was not only used against syphilis , but was a kind of all-round drug against all sorts of diseases in the 19th century and was sold in large quantities in pharmacies.

Eugène Soubeiran died on November 17th of the same year after feeling ill in the spring of 1858.

Fonts

  • Recherches sur quelques Combinaisions du Chlore. In: Annales de chimie et de physique. Volume 48, 1831, pp. 113-157.
    • Translated excerpt from it: The action of chloride de lime upon alcohol. In: Albert Faulconer, Thomas Edward Keys: Eugène Soubeiran. 1965, Volume 1, pp. 448-453.
  • Handbook of pharmaceutical practice, or detailed description of pharmaceutical operations, with the most selected examples of their application. Winter, Heidelberg 1839, digitized, Düsseldorf .

literature

  • Winfried Pötsch u. a. Lexicon of important chemists , Harri Deutsch 1989
  • Albert Faulconer, Thomas Edward Keys: Eugène Soubeiran. In: Foundations of Anesthesiology. 2 volumes, Charles C Thomas, Springfield (Illinois) 1965, Volume 1, pp. 442 and 447-453.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dominique Pradeau: La découverte du Chloroforme par Eugène Soubeiran .
  2. ^ FL Augustin: Archives of the State Medical Science . Volume 2, Berlin 1805, p. 322.
  3. ↑ Chemical encyclopedia: Chloroform .
  4. ↑ Eugène Soubeiran: About the representation of the calomel as an extremely delicate powder. In: Polytechnisches Journal . 87, 1843, pp. 209-213. (Translation of the French original in the Journal de Pharmacie, 1843)
personal data
SURNAME Soubeiran, Eugène
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French chemist
DATE OF BIRTH May 24, 1797
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH November 17, 1858
Place of death Paris