Balthasar Alexis Henri Antoine von Schauenburg

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Balthasar von Schauenburg (1748–1831)

Balthasar Alexis Henri Antoine von Schauenburg (born July 31, 1748 in Hellimer , today's Moselle department ; † September 1, 1831 in Geudertheim , Bas-Rhin department ) was a French Général de division from the von Schauenburg family .

Before the French Revolution , he served in the army of the French king and was then promoted to Maréchal de camp in 1791 . He fought in the Rhine Army and was promoted to Général de division in 1793, but suffered a defeat against the Prussians as commander of the Moselle Army in the Battle of Pirmasens on September 14, 1793 . After being in captivity for a few months during the reign of terror , he became inspector general of the infantry in 1795 and in January 1798 led the invasion of Switzerland under Napoleon Bonaparte .

On March 1, he occupied the city of Solothurn and on March 5, he was victorious in the battle of the Grauholz against the Bernese general Karl Ludwig von Erlach . After he had become Commander-in-Chief of the Helvetic Army on March 8 , he broke the resistance of Central Switzerland in May 1798 and had the Winkelried Chapel destroyed; this event is known as the days of horror in Nidwalden . On December 10, he was replaced by André Masséna and served as an army inspector in Strasbourg until 1813 .

In 1814 he joined Louis XVIII. and until his resignation on December 24th of that year received his former military dignity back. His name is recorded on the triumphal arch in Paris in the 23rd column (SCHAWEMBOURG).

Schauenburg Collection

The Schauenburg collection is named after General Schauenburg . It is a collection of militarily important maps of the old state of Bern , which was confiscated by Schauenburg in 1798 and only returned by his heirs. The 62 cards still preserved today were facsimile in 1989 .

Literature and references

  1. ↑ Valentin Handschin and Stefan Schaerer: The Schauenburg Collection of the Federal Military Library , In: Jürg Bühler: Cartographic Collections in Switzerland - Articles on Selected Collections and the History of Cartography in Switzerland , Bern, (online) .
personal data
SURNAME Schauenburg, Balthasar Alexis Henri Antoine von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French general of Alsatian origin
DATE OF BIRTH July 31, 1748
PLACE OF BIRTH Hellimer
DATE OF DEATH September 1, 1831
Place of death Geudertheim , Bas-Rhin department