July 31
The July 31 is the 212th day of the Gregorian calendar (the 213th in leap years ), thus remain 153 days by year end.
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Historic anniversaries June · July · August |
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events
Politics and world events
- 904: After three days of siege, Thessaloniki falls into the hands of the Saracens , who destroy the city.
- 1423: With the victory in the Battle of Cravant by Thomas Montagu, 4th Earl of Salisbury , against the Auld Alliance from Scotland and France , England reaches the climax of its successes in the Hundred Years War .
- 1451: Jacques Cœur , the financier of King Charles VII of France , is arrested at court and his property is confiscated. The merchant is accused of killing the royal mistress Agnès Sorel with poison, which later turns out to be intrigue .
- 1498: On his third trip , Christopher Columbus discovers an island that he calls Trinidad ( Trinity ) because of three mountain peaks .
- 1588: In front of Plymouth there is a first skirmish between the Spanish Armada and the English , who cannot leave the port of the city due to adverse winds. However, the Spanish commander-in-chief, the Duke of Medina Sidonia , does not take advantage of this advantage because he strictly adheres to Philip II's instructions to avoid encounters with the English before uniting with the invading army of the Duke of Parma in the Netherlands as far as possible.
- 1591: Norway introduces the office of Sorenskriver , a secretary for Dorfting records . Over time, the office developed into a single judge function for most disputes.
- 1619: The non-Catholic estates of the Bohemian crown lands found the Bohemian Confederation .
- 1620: Under French mediation, the Catholic League and the Protestant Union sign the Ulm Treaty , a neutrality agreement to prevent the spread of the Bohemian-Palatinate War , a hope that will remain in vain.
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- 1658: After a successful war with the brothers, Aurangzeb imprisoned his father Shah Jahan , the builder of the Taj Mahal , and took control of the Mughal Empire .
- 1667: The Peace of Breda ends the Second Anglo-Dutch Sea War . Nieuw Nederland - later New York - went to England, in return the Netherlands received Surinam , which from then on was called Dutch Guiana , and concessions in the navigation file .
- 1741: With the capture of Passau by Bavarian troops, Elector Karl Albrecht of Bavaria intervenes in the War of the Austrian Succession .
- 1760: An allied army of British and Protestant German troops led by Ferdinand von Braunschweig and Karl Wilhelm von Braunschweig defeated the French under Louis Nicolas Victor de Félix d'Ollières in the Battle of Warburg during the Seven Years' War .
- 1833: In Switzerland will Altschwyz decision of the Diet military occupation. Submission by armed force of the parts of the canton that have fallen away as "Schwyz Outer Land" is to be prevented.
- 1834: Georg Büchner's revolutionary and immediately pursued by the authorities pamphlet The Hessian Courier , the social ills in the pre-March denounced, is secretly in Grand Duchy of Hesse distributed.
- 1914: The socialist politician Jean Jaurès , a leading exponent of French reformism and an opponent of the war, is murdered by the nationalist Raoul Villain in a Paris café . The assassin was later acquitted in court after more than four years of pre-trial detention.
- 1917: In the First World War that begins Entente the Battle of Passchendaele to make a breakthrough in space Ypres to achieve.
- 1919: The German National Assembly adopts the Weimar Constitution .
- 1932: The NSDAP wins 37.3% of all votes in the Reichstag election , making it the largest parliamentary group in the Reichstag .
- 1941: The German Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring instructs Reinhard Heydrich , the chief of the security police and the SD , to submit an overall draft for the implementation of the desired final solution to the Jewish question .
- 1942: The first battle of El Alamein during the Africa campaign of World War II , which began on July 1, ends in a stalemate, but the advance of the Axis powers is halted.
- 1944: The writer and aviator Antoine de Saint-Exupéry takes off on a reconnaissance flight towards Grenoble and then remains missing. Remains of his aircraft were recovered near the Île de Riou near Marseille in 2003.
- 1945: After the explosion of an ammunition depot in the Bohemian city of Aussig , German civilians are murdered by the Czech Revolutionary Guards as allegedly guilty without further investigation .
- 1959: A group of Basque students founds the underground resistance movement Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA), which uses terrorist means to fight the Franco dictatorship in Spain and seeks an independent Basque state.
- 1961: The Association of South-East Asia (ASA) is founded in Bangkok , a predecessor of ASEAN .
- 1970: An amendment to Article 38 Paragraph II of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany reduces the active voting age from 21 to 18 years and the passive voting age to the age of majority.
- 1973: The Federal Constitutional Court decides after a previously filed lawsuit by the Bavarian State Government that the basic treaty with the GDR is constitutional.
- 1975: As the successor to Karl Schleinzer , who died in an accident , Josef Taus is elected as the new federal party leader of the ÖVP .
- 1979: In Hesse , after 31 months of existence, the artificially created city of Lahn is dissolved due to persistent rejection of the population. On August 1st, the old towns of Gießen and Wetzlar as well as three former municipalities are rebuilt.
- 1991: George Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev sign the START treaty between the USA and the Soviet Union to reduce strategic nuclear weapons .
- 1993: Operation responsibility of the Israeli army and the South Lebanese army against Hezbollah in Lebanon , which began on July 25, is ended with a ceasefire.
- 2000: The Knesset surprisingly elects Moshe Katsav , and thus for the first time a Likud candidate , as President of Israel .
- 2006: Bomb attacks are carried out on regional trains in North Rhine-Westphalia ; however, these fail due to technical errors.
- 2006: Fidel Castro underwent "complicated gastrointestinal surgery" in a hospital in Havana after bleeding from the intestine as a "result of stress and overwork". He is constitutionally and temporarily handing over his offices to his 75-year-old brother Raúl .
- 2007: Operation Banner comes to an end. It marks the longest deployment of British forces of all time, the stationing of troops in Northern Ireland since 1969 to prevent civil war .
business
- 1752: The Schönbrunn Zoo in Vienna is opened. This makes it the world's oldest zoo still in existence .
- 1790: The inventor Samuel Hopkins receives the first patent of the United States for a new production process of potash . The document bears the signatures of President George Washington and Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson , among others .
- 1914: The German Reichsbank is to substitution of paper money or fractional coins against submission of bills of Goldmark one to the state gold reserves to spare. Because of war fears, the population's demand for cash has increased significantly.
- 1925: As a result of solidarity actions by railroad workers and transport workers, the British coal industry decides to withdraw the announced wage cuts for miners. The day goes down in the history of the British labor movement as “Red Friday”.
- 1948: The new New York International Airport in New York City is officially opened. After it was renamed on December 24, 1963, it became known as John F. Kennedy International Airport .
science and technology
- 1815: The boiler of Brunton's Mechanical Traveler experimental steam locomotive explodes in Philadelphia, County Durham , UK . 16 bystanders die. This accident is the oldest known bang from a locomotive and to this day the one with the highest number of deaths.
- 1901: The German meteorologists Arthur Berson and Reinhard Süring reach the world record height of 10,800 meters in the Preussen gas balloon . Their temperature measurements pave the way for the discovery of the stratosphere in 1902.
- 1906: On the night of August 1st, the first scientific observations are carried out from the newly opened Ondřejov observatory (in today's Czech Republic ).
- 1919: The Berlin – New York radio link opens
- 1931: After a week, the rigid airship LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin returns to Friedrichshafen from its successful polar voyage under the direction of Hugo Eckener .
- 1964: Ranger 7 lands hard on the moon as planned and shatters, but can still send the first 4,000 photographs from the moon to earth beforehand.
- 1969: The Mariner 6 space probe photographs Mars as it flies by and sends the images to Earth within a few minutes.
- 1999: The US space probe Lunar Prospector , whose mission was to detect water on the moon, hits the moon - as intended - after providing data on the moon for almost 19 months. However, the impact fails to release ice.
Culture
- 1870: The painter Adolph von Menzel witnesses how a crowd on the Berlin boulevard Unter den Linden at the beginning of the French German War cheering the King of Prussia - and keeps the scene shortly afterwards on a currently known oil paintings firmly.
- 1921: “ New Music ”: The first concert of the Donaueschingen chamber music performances to promote contemporary music , from 1971 the Donaueschinger Musiktage , is performed.
- 2000: Theme day for the Pavilion of Hope from World Vision Germany , the YMCA Association in Germany and the Evangelical Alliance at Expo 2000.
company
- 1970: On Black Tot Day , British navies were given rum as part of their ration for the last time. This is the end of a 315 year old tradition.
religion
- 431: The Council of Ephesus ends with the condemnation of the teachings of Nestorius , Patriarch of Constantinople. With the recognition of Mary as the “ Theotokos ”, it follows the teachings of Cyril of Alexandria . This then leads to the secession of the Assyrian Church of the East .
- 432: Sixtus III. takes office as Pope . How he was elected is unknown.
- 1009: Pietro da Albano takes up the post of Pope as Sergius IV . From this point on, all the popes adopt a new name of their own choosing.
- 1826: In the Spanish Valencia will be the last victim of with Cayetano Ripoll Spanish Inquisition executed.
Disasters
- 1715: A silver fleet consisting of eleven ships on the way from Havana to Spain sinks in a hurricane off the east coast of Florida ; almost the entire fleet with enormous values on board is lost, well over 1,000 people die.
- 1976: After several hours of thunderstorm, the Big Thompson River in Colorado , USA , overflows its banks and kills 143.
- 1982: The Beaune bus accident occurs on the French A6 autoroute, killing 53 people.
- 1992: Nanjing , People's Republic of China : 100 people died when a Chinese Jakowlew Jak-42 crashed approx. 600 meters after take-off and 26 were rescued.
- 1992: In Kathmandu , Nepal , there is the crash of a Airbus A310 of Thai Airways , dying on board in which all 113 people.
- 2014: 32 people were killed and 321 injured in a series of major gas explosions in the Taiwanese city of Kaohsiung .
Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Disaster .
Sports
- 1954: The Italians Achille Compagnoni , Lino Lacedelli and Ardito Desio succeed in the first ascent of the 8,611 m high Lambha Pahar ( K2 ) as part of a large Italian expedition. The failure to appreciate the help of Walter Bonatti and the porter Mahdi in their successful ascent to the summit later led to differences.
- 1976: The GDR's Olympic team wins the final against Poland 3: 1 and becomes Olympic soccer champion .
- 2005: The 11th World Swimming Championships, which began on July 16, come to an end in Montréal . The United States is the most successful nation in these swimming world championships , ahead of Australia .
Entries of track and field world records can be found under the respective discipline under track and field .
Born
Before the 18th century
Philip III, the good (* 1396)
Albrecht the Courageous (* 1443)
August of Saxony (* 1526)
Emperor Maximilian II (* 1527)
- 874: Abdallah al-Mahdi , first caliph from the Fatimid dynasty
- 1143: Nijō , Emperor of Japan
- 1396: Philip III, the Good , Duke of Burgundy
- 1443: Albrecht III, the brave , Duke of Saxony
- 1522: Charles II. De Croÿ , Duke of Aarschot and Prince of Chimay
- 1526: August , Elector of Saxony
- 1527: Maximilian II , Holy Roman Emperor
- 1550: Jacobus Gallus , Slovenian composer and singer
- 1578: Katharina Belgica of Orange-Nassau , Princess of Orange-Nassau and Countess Hanau-Münzenberg
- 1586: Hans Jakob Ammann , Swiss surgeon, traveler to Egypt and travel writer
- 1591: Nikolaus Pompeius , German philologist and mathematician
- 1595: Count Philipp Wolfgang von Hanau-Lichtenberg , Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg
- 1598: Alessandro Algardi , Italian sculptor and builder
- 1617: Johann Heinrich Ott , Swiss Protestant clergyman and university professor
- 1618: Maria Ursula Kolb von Wartenberg , educator of Liselotte von der Pfalz
- 1661: Ignaz Agricola , German historian, philosopher, theologian and Jesuit
- 1665: Johann Reinhard III. von Hanau , Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg and Hanau-Munzenberg
- 1682: Ignazio Visconti , Superior General of the Jesuits
- 1697: Pietro Paolo Vasta , Italian painter
- 1698: Ignaz Anton Gunetzrhainer , German builder
18th century
Gabriel Cramer (* 1704)
Alois Friedrich von Brühl (* 1739)
Thérésia Cabarrus (* 1773)
Friedrich Wöhler (* 1800)
- 1702: Jean-Denis Attiret , French painter and missionary
- 1704: Gabriel Cramer , Swiss mathematician
- 1705: August Franz Friedrich zu Castell-Remlingen , ruler of the county of Castell
- 1714: Johann Christian Köhler , German organ builder
- 1718: John Canton , British physicist
- 1720: Emmanuel Armand de Vignerot du Plessis de Richelieu , French statesman
- 1726: Ignaz Pfefferkorn , German Jesuit, missionary and natural scientist
- 1728: Heinrich Ludwig Manger , German builder and pomologist
- 1729: Jakob von Bernuth , German civil servant
- 1731: Christian Frederik Hagerup , Norwegian pastor
- 1736: Jakob Friedrich Feddersen , German-Danish Protestant clergyman
- 1739: Alois Friedrich von Brühl , Electoral-Polish court official and theater writer
- 1743: Gottlieb Ignaz von Ezdorf , German privy councilor, chamberlain and writer
- 1744: Peter Anker , Norwegian diplomat and governor
- 1748: Balthasar Alexis Henri Antoine von Schauenburg , French general
- 1752: Heinrich Corrodi , Swiss Protestant theologian and educator
- 1754: Johann Jakob Atzel , German architect
- 1754: Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Herrosee , German hymn poet
- 1754: Bon-Adrien-Jeannot de Moncey , French general and Marshal of France
- 1773: Thérésia Cabarrus , courtesan of late revolutionary France
- 1776: Ernst Anton Clarus , German Protestant clergyman and politician
- 1776: Maria Euphrasia Pelletier , French nun, founder of the order and saint
- 1787: Georg Kloß , German bibliophile
- 1789: Edouard Diodati , Swiss Protestant clergyman, librarian and university professor
- 1800: Friedrich Wöhler , German chemist
19th century
1801-1850
Teresa Eustochio Verzeri (* 1801)
Amélie de Beauharnais (* 1812)
Maria Theresa of Austria (* 1816)
Peter Rosegger (* 1843)
- 1801: Teresa Eustochio Verzeri , religious sister, founder of the Daughters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (Verzeri Soure)
- 1802: Ignacy Domeyko , Polish geologist
- 1803: John Ericsson , Swedish engineer and inventor
- 1805: August Siebert , German medic
- 1807: Ferdinand Scheller , German piano and organ builder
- 1811: Albrecht von Roeder , German-American lawyer and local founder
- 1812: Amélie von Leuchtenberg , Brazilian empress
- 1812: Gottlieb Theodor Becker , German educator
- 1816: Maria Theresa of Austria , wife of Ferdinand II of Bourbon, Queen of the Two Sicilies
- 1816: Marie Petersen , German writer
- 1816: George Henry Thomas , American general
- 1818: Heinrich Kiepert , German geographer and cartographer
- 1823: Theodor von Lerber , Swiss educator and school founder
- 1824: Antoine d'Orléans , Spanish pretender to the throne
- 1826: George Hoadly , American politician
- 1830: František Zdeněk Skuherský , Czech composer and music teacher
- 1833: Henriette Mendel , wife of Ludwig in Bavaria
- 1835: Henri Brisson , French politician
- 1839: Ignacio Andrade Troconis , Venezuelan officer and politician
- 1843: Friedrich Robert Helmert , German geodesist and mathematician
- 1843: Peter Rosegger , Austrian writer
1851-1900
- 1853: Teréza Nováková , Czech writer, representative of realism and village prose
- 1854: Theodor Christomannos , Austrian lawyer, pioneer of tourism in South Tyrol
- 1854: Fritz Hommel , German orientalist
- 1854: Willem Nolen , Dutch medic
- 1855: Gabriele Maria Deininger-Arnhard , German-Austrian painter
- 1856: John Oliver , Canadian politician
- 1857: Wilhelm Ashoff , German entrepreneur
- 1857: Ernest Chuard , Swiss Federal Councilor
- 1861: Wilhelm Busch , German instrument maker
- 1861: Georg Popp , German chemist, university professor and criminalist
- 1862: Felicitas Rose , German writer
- 1863: Sidney Johnston Catts , American politician
- 1864: Lujo Adamović , Croatian botanist and plant collector
- 1865: Alfons Heinrich , Duke of Porto
- 1865: Helene Odilon , German-Austrian actress
Willem Nolen (* 1854)
Georg Popp (* 1861)
Carl Friedrich Goerdeler (* 1884)
Sophia Antoniadis (* 1895)
- 1873: Hans Ostwald , German journalist and writer
- 1873: Vojtěch Preissig , Czech painter and graphic artist
- 1874: Adolph Amberg , German sculptor
- 1875: Alexandre Denéréaz , Swiss composer
- 1875: Jacques Villon , French painter
- 1875: Yanagita Kunio , Japanese writer and ethnologist
- 1877: Harriet Margaret Louisa Bolus , South African botanist
- 1877: Georges Johin , French croquet player
- 1879: Margarete Bieber , German-American university professor, first female professor of classical archeology in Germany
- 1881: Olga Segler , was one of the first to die on the Berlin Wall
- 1882: Grete Gulbransson , Austrian writer and local poet
- 1883: Erich Heckel , German painter and graphic artist
- 1884: Carl Friedrich Goerdeler , German lawyer, politician and resistance fighter
- 1885: Charles Avery Dunning , Canadian politician
- 1886: Lucy von Barclay de Tolly , German-Baltic painter
- 1886: Constant Permeke , Belgian painter
- 1887: Hans Freyer , German sociologist and historian
- 1888: Otto Erich Strasser , Swiss Protestant clergyman and university professor
- 1889: Nels Anderson , American sociologist
- 1889: Erwin von Beckerath , German economist
- 1889: Gustav Schumm , German football player and functionary
- 1890: Georg Amberger , German athlete
- 1890: Anne-Cécile Rose-Itier , French racing car driver
- 1893: Paul Leverkuehn , German lawyer and politician, Member of the Bundestag, MEP
- 1895: Sophia Antoniadis , Greek neo-Graecist
- 1896: Alfred Roseno , German surgeon and urologist
- 1896: Oskar Sima , Austrian actor
- 1896: Louise Treadwell , American stage actress, founder of an aid organization
- 1897: Ili Kronstein , Austrian painter
- 1897: Hermann Senkowsky , Austrian financial expert
- 1898: Horst von Mellenthin , German general
- 1899: Thea Elisabeth Haevernick , German prehistorian
20th century
1901-1925
- 1901: Lis Böhle , German dialect poet
- 1901: Jean Dubuffet , French painter
- 1901: Renié , American costume designer and Oscar winner
- 1901: Rudolf Slánský , General Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
- 1902: Franz Asboth , Austrian politician
- 1903: Emil Hirschfeld , German athlete, Olympic medalist
- 1903: Jan Wodyński , Polish painter
- 1904: Cardinal John Carberry , Catholic Archbishop of Saint Louis
- 1907: Lisa Gavric , Austrian resistance fighter
- 1907: Roy Milton , American blues drummer, singer, songwriter and band leader
- 1908: Maria Fitzen-Wohnsiedler , German painter
- 1908: Franz Meyers , German politician, Prime Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia, Member of the Bundestag
- 1909: Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn , Austrian publicist
- 1912: Milton Friedman , American economist
- 1913: Alphonso Ainsworth , English football player
- 1913: Rose Stradner , Austrian actress
Milton Friedman (born 1912)
Louis de Funès (* 1914)
Bernt von Kügelgen (* 1914)
Paul D. Boyer (born 1918)
- 1914: Isolde Ahlgrimm , Austrian harpsichordist
- 1914: Raymond Aubrac , French civil engineer and leading member of the Resistance
- 1914: Mario Bava , Italian director, writer and cameraman
- 1914: Josette Day , French actress
- 1914: Louis de Funès , French comedian
- 1914: Bernt von Kügelgen , German journalist, co-founder of the National Committee Free Germany
- 1914: Hilde Meisel , German socialist and publicist
- 1915: Herbert Aptheker , American historian
- 1916: Billy Hitchcock , American baseball player and coach
- 1918: Paul D. Boyer , American biochemist
- 1918: Hank Jones , American jazz pianist
- 1918: Nils Nobach , German pop composer and producer
- 1918: Mia Oremović , Yugoslav or Croatian actress
- 1919: Maurice Boitel , French painter
- 1919: Curt Gowdy , American sports commentator
- 1919: Primo Levi , Italian writer
- 1920: Walter Arlen , Austrian-American music critic and composer
- 1920: Waldtraut von Bohlen and Halbach , German industrialists
- 1921: Peter Benenson , British politician, founder of Amnesty International
- 1921: Margarita Luna García , Dominican pianist and composer
- 1921: Ana Mariscal , Spanish actress, director and writer
- 1921: Tore Sjöstrand , Swedish obstacle runner, Olympic champion
- 1922: Lorenzo Antonetti , Italian cardinal
- 1922: Barbara Suchner , German writer
- 1923: Ahmet Ertegün , American music producer
- 1923: Stephanie Kwolek , American chemist
- 1924: Waldemar Kumming , editor of the science fiction fanzine "Munich Round Up"
- 1925: Rolf Andresen , German sports official
- 1925: Arthur Oliver Lonsdale Atkin , British-American mathematician
1926-1950
- 1926: Hilary Putnam , American philosopher
- 1927: Cecilia Mangini , Italian documentary filmmaker and photographer
- 1927: Ștefan Niculescu , Romanian composer
- 1927: Tony Thomas , British-American film historian, television and music producer
- 1927: Walter Vogt , Swiss writer and doctor
- 1928: Kurt Sontheimer , German political scientist
- 1929: Lynne Reid Banks , British writer
- 1929: José Santamaría , Spanish football player and coach
- 1930: Richard Mahitsison Andriamanjato , Malagasy pastor and politician
- 1930: Oleg Popov , Russian clown
- 1931: Nick Bollettieri , American tennis coach
- 1931: Kenny Burrell , American jazz guitarist
- 1931: Karl Heinrich Friauf , German lawyer
- 1931: Ivan Rebroff , German singer
- 1932: Johann Georg von Hohenzollern , German nobleman
- 1932: John Searle , American philosopher
- 1933: Cees Nooteboom , Dutch writer
- 1935: August Paterno , Austrian media priest
Nick Bollettieri (* 1931)
Cees Nooteboom (* 1933)
Hartmut Mehdorn (* 1942)
Geraldine Chaplin (* 1944)
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- 1937: Mauro Bianchi , Belgian racing driver
- 1937: Edita Pjecha , Russian singer
- 1939: France Nuyen , French actress
- 1939: Ignacio Zoco , Spanish football player
- 1941: James A. Anderson , American professor
- 1942: Daniel Boone , British singer and songwriter
- 1942: Hartmut Mehdorn , German industrial manager
- 1943: William Bennett , American politician
- 1943: Lobo , American singer and songwriter
- 1943: Friedrich Roderfeld , German athlete
- 1943: Hagen Schulze , German historian
- 1944: Geraldine Chaplin , American film actress
- 1944: Robert C. Merton , American economist
- 1944: Paolo Pileri , Italian motorcycle racer
- 1945: Masakatsu Asari , Japanese ski jumper
- 1945: Tomáš Vačkář , Czech composer
- 1946: Gary Lewis , American musician
- 1947: Yleana Bautista , Cuban pianist and music teacher
- 1947: Richard Griffiths , English actor
- 1947: Hans Kaiser , German politician
- 1948: Astrid Andreasen , Faroese artist and scientific illustrator
- 1949: Riccardo Lay , Italian jazz bassist
- 1950: Richard Berry , French singer and actor
- 1950: Michel Gonneville , Canadian composer
- 1950: Reinhard Kluth , German church musician
- 1950: Ralf Reichenbach , German athlete
- 1950: Gérard Tremblay , French racing car driver
1951-1975
- 1951: Evonne Goolagong , Australian tennis player
- 1951: Carlo Karges , German musician
- 1951: Howard Levy , American harmonica player and pianist
- 1951: Barry Van Dyke , American actor
- 1952: Marlies Amann-Marxer , Liechtenstein politician
- 1952: Alejandro Atchugarry , Uruguayan politician
- 1952: Helmuts Balderis , Latvian ice hockey player
- 1952: Reinhard Goebel , German musician
- 1953: Ted Baillieu , Australian politician
- 1953: Hans-Otto Pingel , German speedway driver
- 1953: Kenneth Radnofsky , American classical saxophonist and music teacher
- 1953: Brunhilde Raiser , German theologian
- 1953: James Read , American actor
- 1954: Miguel Amaral , Portuguese entrepreneur and racing car driver
- 1955: Hans-Eckardt Wenzel , German poet, songwriter and director
- 1956: Michael Biehn , American actor
- 1956: Georg Bydlinski , Austrian writer
- 1956: Włodzimierz Potasiński , Polish major general
- 1956: Gustav Peter Wöhler , German actor
- 1957: John Austin , American tennis player
- 1958: Bill Berry , American drummer
- 1958: Mark Cuban , American entrepreneur
- 1958: Rainer Gassner , Liechtenstein luge rider
- 1959: Guillo Espel , Argentine composer and guitarist
- 1959: Stanley Jordan , American jazz guitarist
Barry Van Dyke (born 1951)
Wesley Snipes (born 1962)
Fatboy Slim (* 1963)
CC Catch (* 1964)
- 1960: Dale Hunter , Canadian ice hockey player
- 1961: Bettina Hradecsni , Austrian-Lebanese politician
- 1961: Isabel Varell , German singer
- 1962: Kevin Greene , American football player
- 1962: Wesley Snipes , American actor
- 1963: Abdullah Mucip Avcı , Turkish football player and coach
- 1963: Chad Brock , American country singer
- 1963: Norman Cook , British musician
- 1964: Wendell Alexis , American basketball player
- 1964: CC Catch , German singer
- 1964: Jim Corr , Irish musician
- 1964: Joja Wendt , German jazz pianist
- 1965: Mario von Appen , German canoeist
- 1965: Joanne K. Rowling , British writer ( Harry Potter )
- 1966: Dean Cain , American actor
- 1966: Marcus Grüsser , German actor
- 1966: Valdas Ivanauskas , Lithuanian football player and coach
- 1967: Daniel Bielenstein , German journalist and writer
- 1967: Rudolf Martin , German actor
- 1967: Grzegorz Turnau , Polish singer-songwriter
- 1968: Knut Holmann , Norwegian canoeist
- 1968: Beatrice Manowski , German actress
- 1969: Antonio Conte , Italian football player and coach
Joanne K. Rowling (* 1965)
Dean Cain (born 1966)
Christina Cox (* 1971)
Emilia Fox (* 1974)
- 1970: John Lowery , American musician
- 1971: Claudia Acuña , Chilean jazz singer
- 1971: Christina Cox , Canadian actress
- 1972: Tami Stronach , American actress and dancer
- 1973: Jacob Aagaard , Danish-Scottish chess master and writer
- 1973: Abdulaziz al-Chathran , Saudi Arabian soccer player
- 1973: René Beuchel , German football player
- 1973: Jerry Rivera , Puerto Rican salsa musician
- 1974: Emilia Fox , British actress
- 1974: Jonathan Ogden , American football player
- 1975: Elena Uhlig , German actress and radio play speaker
1976-2000
- 1976: Yamba Asha , Angolan football player
- 1976: Salvatore Lanna , Italian football player and coach
- 1976: Paulo Wanchope , Costa Rican soccer player
- 1977: Grand Corps Malade , French poetry slam artist
- 1978: Will Champion , British drummer
- 1978: Charlie Clausen , Australian actor
- 1978: Tui Sutherland , Venezuelan writer
- 1978: Justin Wilson , British racing car driver
- 1979: Per Krøldrup , Danish football player
- 1979: Carlos Marchena , Spanish soccer player
- 1980: Rina Aiuchi , Japanese singer
- 1980: Joachim Germany , American-German rock singer and musician
- 1980: Maciej Dmytruszyński , Polish handball player
- 1980: Mikko Hirvonen , Finnish rally driver
- 1981: Márcio Luiz Adurens , Brazilian soccer player
- 1981: Ira Losco , Maltese singer
- 1981: Clemente Juan Rodríguez , Argentine football player
- 1981: M. Shadows , American singer
- 1982: Mira Craig , Norwegian-American singer
- 1982: Dennis Eilhoff , German soccer player
- 1982: Edmond Kapllani , Albanian soccer player
- 1982: Marc López , Spanish tennis player
- 1983: Barbara Lanz , Austrian actress
- 1984: Paul Ambrose , Australian triathlete
- 1985: Alissa White-Gluz , Canadian singer
- 1986: Yevgeny Malkin , Russian ice hockey player
Justin Wilson (* 1978)
Alissa White-Gluz (* 1985)
Wiktoryja Asaranka (* 1989)
Kim Sae-ron (* 2000)
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- 1987: Maxim Adijew , Russian biathlete
- 1987: Julia Augustin , German actress
- 1987: Michael Bradley , American football player
- 1987: Lukas Runggaldier , Italian Nordic combined athlete
- 1988: Charlie Carver , American actor
- 1989: Vassilis Adamou , Cypriot mountain biker and road cyclist
- 1989: Wiktoryja Asaranka , Belarusian tennis player
- 1990: Nicolas De Crem , Belgian racing car driver
- 1991: Kenza Dali , French soccer player
- 1991: William Gholston , American football player
- 1993: Ümit Yasin Arslan , Turkish soccer player
- 1993: Anne Hubinger , German handball player
- 1993: Sandra Starke , German-Namibian soccer player
- 1994: Lil Uzi Vert , American rapper
- 1995: Daniele Negroni , German singer
- 1998: Louis Prette , Italian entrepreneur and racing car driver
- 2000: Kim Sae-ron , South Korean actress
Died
Before the 17th century
- 448: Germanus of Auxerre , prefect, priest and bishop
- 451: Petrus Chrysologus , Bishop of the Catholic Church
- 990: Fujiwara no Kaneie , Japanese regent
- 1106: Count Adolf I von Berg , Count von Berg
- 1160: Alfred , English clergyman
- 1311: Roger Lestrange , English knight, military man and civil servant
- 1321: Ibn al-Banna 'al-Marrakuschi , Moroccan mathematician and astronomer
- 1338: Heinrich Krafft , Bishop of Lavant
- 1355: Nicholas Cantilupe, 3rd Baron Cantilupe , English nobleman, judge and military man
- 1358: Etienne Marcel , French merchant and head of the citizenship of Paris
- 1396: William Courtenay , Archbishop of Canterbury
Étienne Marcel († 1358)
Ignatius of Loyola († 1556)
Luis de Velasco († 1564)
Francesco Ferdinando d'Ávalos († 1571)
- 1418: Anna , Grand Duchess of Lithuania
- 1433: Konrad von Arnsberg , auxiliary bishop in Cologne
- 1457: Bohuslaus von Zwole , Bishop of Olomouc
- 1508: Na'od I , Emperor of Ethiopia
- 1553: Wilhelm von Schachten , Landgrave Hessian Marshal
- 1556: Ignatius of Loyola , founder of the Jesuit order
- 1563: Agostino Mainardi , reformer and pastor in Chiavenna
- 1564: Luis de Velasco , Viceroy of New Spain
- 1571: Francesco Fernando d'Avalos d'Aquino d'Aragona , governor in the Duchy of Milan and viceroy of Sicily
- 1577: Johannes Anglicus , German Protestant theologian and hymn composer
- 1587: Theobald Craschel , auxiliary bishop in Cologne
- 1595: Hartwig Schmidenstet , German rhetorician
- 1598: Petrus Albinus , German professor in Wittenberg and founder of Saxon historiography
17th century
Charles de Gontaut, Duke of Biron († 1602)
Hermann Vultejus († 1634)
Goswin Nickel († 1664)
Wolfgang Gundling († 1689)
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- 1602: Charles de Gontaut , Duke of Biron, French military leader and diplomat, Marshal of France
- 1624: Henry II , Duke of Lorraine
- 1634: Hermann Vultejus , German lawyer
- 1646: Bruno Stisser , German jurist and lawyer
- 1653: Thomas Dudley , English governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
- 1653: Leopold Rotenburger , organ builder in the Prince Archbishopric of Salzburg
- 1664: Goswin Nickel , 10th general of the Societas Jesu
- 1689: Wolfgang Gundling , German Protestant preacher, deacon and chapter dean and church writer
- 1693: Willem Kalf , Dutch painter
18th century
Maria Hueber († 1705)
Friedrich Wilhelm I, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin († 1713)
John V, King of Portugal († 1750)
Denis Diderot († 1784)
- 1705: Maria Hueber , Tyrolean nun and founder of the order
- 1706: Anna Spiekermann , last victim of the witch persecution in Vest Recklinghausen
- 1713: Friedrich Wilhelm I , Duke of Mecklenburg in the Mecklenburg-Schwerin region
- 1729: Nicola Francesco Haym , Italian musician, composer and librettist
- 1745: Karl Heinrich von Hornstein , Knight of the Teutonic Order
- 1750: John V , called "the generous one" ( o Magnânimo ), King of Portugal
- 1750: Johann George Schreiber , German engraver, cartographer and publisher
- 1751: Benigna Marie Reuss zu Ebersdorf , German countess and hymn poet
- 1752: Johann Christoph Pepusch , German composer
- 1767: Joseph Michael Schnöller , Tyrolean builder and architect
- 1777: Heinrich Wilhelm Eckmann , German organ builder
- 1784: Denis Diderot , French writer and philosopher
- 1792: Jürgen Christian Findorff , German peat colonizer
19th century
Sándor Petőfi († 1849)
Andrew Johnson († 1875)
Franz Liszt († 1886)
- 1846: Bernhard Heine , German physician, bone specialist and inventor of the osteotome
- 1849: Sándor Petöfi , Hungarian national poet
- 1867: Benoît Fourneyron , French engineer
- 1871: Phoebe Cary , American poet
- 1875: Andrew Johnson , American politician, 17th President of the USA
- 1886: Franz Liszt , Hungarian composer and pianist
- 1889: Eduard Lübbert , German classical philologist and archaeologist
- 1889: Hugo von Ritgen , German architect
- 1893: Friedrich Witte , German pharmacist, manufacturer and politician
- 1898: Peter Fuchs , German sculptor and cathedral sculptor at Cologne Cathedral
20th century
1901-1950
Jean Jaurès († 1914)
Gustav Lindenthal († 1935)
Elfriede Lohse-Wächtler († 1940)
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry († 1944)
- 1904: Richard Kund , German officer and explorer
- 1909: Fazlollah Nuri , Shiite clergyman
- 1914: Jean Jaurès , French historian and politician
- 1917: Hedd Wyn , Welsh poet
- 1929: José de Castro , Portuguese lawyer, journalist and politician, Prime Minister
- 1931: Karl Tellenbach , city original of Bern
- 1935: Carl Georg Friedrich Baur , German entrepreneur
- 1935: Gustav Lindenthal , German bridge construction engineer
- 1940: Elfriede Lohse-Wächtler , German artist, euthanasia victim in Pirna-Sonnenstein
- 1941: Hermann Groine , German Nazi politician, MdR
- 1943: Lida Gustava Heymann , German-Swiss women's rights activist
- 1943: Zdzisław Lubomirski , Polish aristocrat and politician
- 1944: Antoine de Saint-Exupéry , French writer and aviator
- 1945: Hans Nirrnheim , German historian and archivist
- 1948: George Adee , American football player and tennis official
- 1949: Albert Rehm , German classical philologist
1951-2000
- 1952: Waldemar Bonsels , German writer
- 1952: Clara Viebig , German narrator
- 1953: Kornel Makuszyński , Polish author
- 1953: Nikolai Dmitrijewitsch Selinski , Russian chemist
- 1953: Robert A. Taft , American politician
- 1953: Georg Zacharias , German swimmer
- 1954: Antonia von Luxemburg , Bavarian Crown Princess
- 1954: Onofre Marimón , Argentine racing car driver
- 1955: Robert Francis , American actor
- 1957: Helene Funke , German painter and graphic artist
- 1959: Germaine Richier , French sculptor and graphic artist
- 1959: Oskar Vogt , German brain researcher
Clara Viebig († 1952)
Onofre Marimón († 1954)
Alexander von Falkenhausen († 1966)
Fritz Kühn († 1967)
- 1960: Martin Karl Hasse , German university professor, composer and music writer
- 1961: Waldemar Mitscherlich , German political scientist
- 1964: Dorothy Reed Mendenhall , American doctor
- 1964: Jim Reeves , American country singer
- 1966: Alexander von Falkenhausen , German general, military commander of Belgium and northern France, resistance fighter
- 1966: Bud Powell , American jazz pianist
- 1966: Kai Senstius , Danish composer
- 1967: Fritz Kühn , German photographer, sculptor and blacksmith
- 1967: Richard Kuhn , Austro-German chemist, Nobel Prize winner
- 1969: Alexandra , German singer
- 1969: Charles Edison , American politician
- 1972: Ernst Fischer , Austrian writer and politician
- 1972: Alfons Gorbach , Austrian politician, Federal Chancellor
- 1972: Paul-Henri Spaak , Belgian politician and statesman
- 1973: George Maybee , Canadian organist, choir director and music teacher
- 1973: Guido Morselli , Italian novelist
Richard Kuhn († 1967)
Alexandra († 1969)
Werner Finck († 1978)
Baudouin I, King of the Belgians († 1993)
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- 1978: Werner Finck , German writer, actor and cabaret artist
- 1978: Otto Jaag , Swiss hydrobiologist
- 1978: Fritz Stüber , Austrian writer, journalist and politician
- 1979: José Della Torre , Argentine football player and coach
- 1979: Wilhelm Nauhaus , German bookbinder, artist, archivist and publicist
- 1980: Pascual Jordan , German physicist
- 1982: Queenie Paul , Australian actress, singer and dancer
- 1982: Walter Spahrbier , German lucky postman on German television
- 1983: John Mansfield Addis , British diplomat
- 1983: Eva Pawlik , Austrian figure skater, film actress and first TV sports commentator
- 1984: Paul Le Flem , French composer
- 1986: Chiune Sugihara , Japanese diplomat
- 1986: Teddy Wilson , American jazz pianist
- 1987: Joseph Meurers , German astronomer, astrophysicist and natural philosopher
- 1988: Herbert Ansbach , German politician
- 1988: André Navarra , French cellist
- 1990: Wilhelm Nowack , German journalist and politician
- 1990: Fernando Sancho , Spanish actor
- 1990: Ludger Westrick , German manager and politician, military economic leader, federal minister
- 1991: João Chedid , Lebanese bishop in Brazil
- 1992: Paul Arnold , French writer, theater historian and esotericist
- 1993: Lola Álvarez Bravo , Mexican photographer
- 1993: Baudouin I , King of the Belgians
- 1994: Karola Bloch , Polish-German architect and journalist
- 1996: Hans Schwier , German politician, Member of the State Parliament, State Minister
- 2000: Wolfgang von Groote , German officer and military historian
- 2000: Hendrik Christoffel van de Hulst , Dutch astrophysicist
21st century
- 2001: Poul Anderson , American science fiction writer
- 2001: Francisco da Costa Gomes , Portuguese Marshal and Politician
- 2002: Ahmad Jawed , Afghan literary scholar and peace educator
- 2003: John Aston , English soccer player
- 2003: João Ferreira Bigode , Brazilian soccer player
- 2003: Guido Crepax , Italian comic book writer
- 2004: Laura Betti , Italian actress
- 2004: Erich Ehrlinger , German SS-Oberführer, alleged war criminal
- 2004: Wilhelm Nils Fresenius , German chemist
- 2004: Virginia Gray , American actress
- 2004: Isabella Nadolny , German writer
Wim Duisenberg († 2005)
César Amaro († 2012)
Gore Vidal († 2012)
Jeanne Moreau († 2017)
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- 2005: Wim Duisenberg , Dutch politician and head of the European Central Bank
- 2005: Hans-Jürgen Imiela , German art historian
- 2005: Bernard Maury , French jazz pianist, arranger and music teacher
- 2006: Rhené Jaque , Canadian composer
- 2007: Terry Winter Owens , American composer, pianist and harpsichordist
- 2007: Hilde Sicks , German folk actress
- 2008: Lee Cheong-jun , South Korean author
- 2008: Willi Piecyk , German politician
- 2009: Ilona Christen , German radio and television presenter
- 2009: Bobby Robson , English football player and coach
- 2010: James Atkinson , American bobsleigh driver
- 2010: Mitch Miller , American orchestra leader
- 2012: César Amaro , Uruguayan guitarist
- 2012: Tony Sly , American musician
- 2012: Gore Vidal , American writer
- 2013: Michael Ansara , American actor
- 2013: Oliver Simon , German singer and musician
- 2015: Stephan Beckenbauer German soccer player and coach
- 2015: Roddy Piper , Canadian wrestler and actor
- 2016: Felix Mathias Auer , Swiss economist, journalist and politician
- 2016: Chiyonofuji Mitsugu , Japanese sumo wrestler
- 2016: Fasil Iskander , Abkhazian writer
- 2017: Jeanne Moreau , French actress, film director and singer
- 2018: Andreas Kappes , German racing cyclist
- 2020: Alan Parker , British director and screenwriter
- 2020: Andreas Schubert , German truck driver, haulier and bodybuilder
Holidays and memorial days
- Church memorial days
- St. Ignatius of Loyola , Spanish mystic and co-founder of the Jesuit order (Anglican, Catholic)
- St. Joseph of Arimathea , Judean benefactor (Orthodox, Evangelical: LCMS )
- Bartolomé de Las Casas , Bishop of Chiapas and Spanish religious (Protestant)
- Action days
The list of days of remembrance and action contains further entries .
Commons : July 31st - Collection of images, videos and audio files
