July 23

The July 23 is the 204th day of the Gregorian calendar (the 205th in leap years ), thus remain 161 days by year end.

Beginning of the dog days

Historic anniversaries June · July · August

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events

Politics and world events

1148: Siege of Damascus

• 1148: In the Second Crusade , the siege of Damascus by the united armies of the kings Baldwin III begins . , Conrad III. and Louis VII.
• 1215: Frederick II is crowned Roman-German king for the second time in Aachen .
• 1508: Spaniards under the command of Pedro Navarro conquer the island of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera , which is defended by Mediterranean pirates . The Spanish exclave on Morocco's coast is now a disputed territory.
• 1532: Emperor Charles V and the Protestants agree in the Nuremberg Religious Peace for the first time (limited) a mutual legal and peace guarantee for the current "confessional assets".

1632: Gottfried Heinrich zu Pappenheim

• 1632: Gottfried Heinrich zu Pappenheim takes the imperial city of Dortmund during the Thirty Years' War and moves his headquarters there.
• 1711: The Peace of the Prut ends the Russo-Turkish War of 1710/11. In return for the return of the Azov fortress to the Turks and a large bribe, the Russian army encircled on the Prut is allowed to withdraw freely under the orders of Peter the Great .
• 1757: During the Seven Years' War the Austrians shoot the city of Zittau to rubble and ashes.
• 1759: The Prussian Army is defeated by Russian troops in the Battle of Kay during the Seven Years' War .
• 1787: In a patent , Emperor Joseph II orders that Jews living in the Habsburg lands adopt German first and last names and use the German language in communal correspondence. For Galicia , the patent does not take effect until August 28, 1787.

1793: Siege of Mainz

• 1793: With the surrender to the Prussian troops, the siege and the Republic of Mainz come to an end .
• 1794: The renewal of the maximum law for wages leads to the break of the sans-culottes with the Jacobins . The latter now lose their support among workers and petty bourgeoisie during the French Revolution .
• 1803: Irish insurgents led by Robert Emmet attempt to take Dublin Castle . The ill-prepared insurrection is quickly put down.
• 1840: The British Union Act regulates the creation of the Province of Canada in the following year from the merging of Upper and Lower Canada .
• 1847: The Prussian Jewish Law brings legal standardization and grants this population group freedom of movement and settlement .
• 1849: Rastatt is captured by Prussian troops. The renewed attempt after the Hecker uprising to establish a republic in the Grand Duchy of Baden in the course of the Baden Revolution failed again.
• 1871: Austria-Hungary regulates the introduction of the metric system by law , which becomes binding from January 1, 1876.
• 1881: Chile and Argentina agree on a border treaty over their territories on Tierra del Fuego and in Patagonia .

1914: Count Leopold Berchtold

• 1914: Three weeks after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Austria-Hungary issues an ultimatum of 48 hours to Serbia by Foreign Minister Leopold Berchtold . It contains extensive demands on the neighboring state. Its extensive but incomplete fulfillment triggers the Austrian declaration of war after the deadline and, as a result, the First World War .
• 1920: The Protectorate of British East Africa is converted into the British Crown Colony of Kenya .
• 1942: The second phase of the Blau company , the Braunschweig company , begins in the German Russian campaign of the Second World War . The resulting splitting of forces is one of the central reasons for the later downfall of the 6th Army in the Battle of Stalingrad .
• 1944: The Majdanek concentration camp is liberated by the Red Army .
• 1945: Territory swap in the Harz between the British and Soviet zones of occupation .

1951: Jürgen Stroop

• 1951: In Poland, Jürgen Stroop , responsible for suppressing the Warsaw Ghetto uprising in 1943 , is sentenced to death for the second time.
• 1952: The Paris Treaty of April 18, 1951, which creates the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), comes into force.
• 1952: The Egyptian King Faruq is overthrown in a military coup by Muhammad Nagib and Gamal Abdel Nasser ; this effectively ends the rule of the dynasty of Muhammad Ali .
• 1954: John affair : The President of the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, Otto John, announces his defection on GDR radio .
• 1957: When peat is in Upper Bavaria Peiting a pine box found in the place of a hoped-for treasure later Rosalinde called bog body is built around the 1100th
• 1961: Carlos Fonseca founds the Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN) in Nicaragua .
• 1967: In Detroit ( Michigan ) breaking race riots from. The result is 43 dead, 1,189 injured and around 1,400 houses burned down.

1970: Qaboos bin Said

• 1970: Qabus bin Said overthrows his father Said ibn Taimur with a coup and becomes head of state as Sultan of Oman .
• 1974: As part of the Cyprus crisis since 1967 ruling breaks military dictatorship in Greece together. Former Prime Minister Konstantinos Karamanlis is returning from exile to take on government responsibility.
• 1976: Mário Soares , General Secretary of the PS , becomes the first freely elected Prime Minister of Portugal after the Carnation Revolution .
• 1983: 13 soldiers are killed in an LTTE attack on a Sri Lankan military base. As a result, several anti-Tamil pogroms begin, in which Sinhala mobs kill several thousand Tamil civilians. The event marked the beginning of the civil war in Sri Lanka , in the course of which 80-100,000 people died and could only be ended in 2009. The date coined the term " Black July ".
• 1988: With Radio Dreyeckland , the first German free radio is legalized in Freiburg im Breisgau after a legal prosecution of the pirate radio has become hopeless.
• 1992: Abkhazia declares independence from Georgia .
• 1993: In the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh , Armenian forces capture and destroy the Azerbaijani city ​​of Aghdam .
• 1999: Mohammed VI. ascends the Moroccan throne after the death of his father Hassan II .
• 2001: Abdurrahman Wahid is removed from office as president by the Indonesian People's Consultative Assembly because of a financial scandal. Megawati Sukarnoputri is elected as her successor .

2004: Stari Most at the official reopening

• 2004: The Mostar bridge, destroyed by Croatian nationalists in 1993 , is reopened with a ceremony.
• 2005: At least 88 people die in attacks by the terrorist organization Al-Qaida in Sharm el-Sheikh / Egypt .

2009: Kurmanbek Bakiev

• 2009: In the presidential election in Kyrgyzstan , the incumbent Kurmanbek Bakiyev is re-elected with 76.1% of the vote. Second place went to the social democrat Almasbek Atambayev with 8.4%.

business

• 1697: A class lottery is held for the first time in Germany in Leipzig .
• 1866: The US entrepreneur Oliver Winchester begins series production of Winchester rifles .

1903: Ford Model A

• 1903: Ford Motor Company launches Model A on the US market.
• 1945: Private banks and insurance companies are closed in the SBZ by SMAD order number 10. Further processing is to be carried out a short time later by public institutes, such as the Sächsische Landesbank . The measure is a first step towards reshaping the economic system according to socialist ideology .

1985: Amiga 1000

• 1985: Commodore introduces the Amiga (later renamed Amiga 1000 ) at Lincoln Center in New York , USA . Included are among others. the artists Andy Warhol and Debbie Harry ( Blondie ). In terms of graphics performance, the Amiga surpasses everything that has been seen before.
• 1998: The first Mandrake Linux distribution is published.

science and technology

1864: Skull Gibraltar 1

• 1847: In Berlin, Hermann von Helmholtz lectures on the constancy of force and underpins the law of conservation of energy .
• 1851: In the Austrian Empire, Emperor Franz Joseph I authorizes the establishment of a central institute for meteorological and magnetic observations . This creates the world's first state weather service , today's Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics (ZAMG).
• 1864: In the London magazine The Reader , the skull Gibraltar 1 is described for the first time , which proves that the anatomical features of the Neanderthals discovered in 1856 near Düsseldorf were not individual features, but features of a human species that was once widespread in Europe.

1980: Occupation of Soyuz 37

• 1980: Along with Viktor Gorbatko as commander also starts the first space travelers from Vietnam to the space station Salyut 6 in the space . The Vietnamese Phạm Tuân is a flight engineer for the Soviet Soyuz 37 mission.
• 1992: The ESA Giotto space probe is finally deactivated due to a lack of fuel.

1995: Comet Hale-Bopp

• 1995: The American astronomers Alan Hale and Thomas Bopp discover the comet C / 1995 O1 , which is named Hale-Bopp , independently of one another .
• 1999: The NASA X-ray satellite Chandra is launched.
• 2005: The developer documentation of the MDN Web Docs is started as a wiki page under the name Mozilla Developer Center .

Culture

• 1957: World premiere of the melodrama A Tale of Two Cities by Arthur Benjamin based on the novel by Charles Dickens at Sadler's Wells in London .
• 1960: The Gorongosa National Park , the first national park in present-day Mozambique , is established by the colonial power Portugal.

company

• 1984: Former boxer Gustav "Bubi" Scholz is arrested on suspicion of having shot his wife while intoxicated during the night .
• 1986: Prince Andrew and Sarah Ferguson marry in Westminster Abbey .

religion

• 0685: John V becomes Pope; he succeeds Benedict II.
• 1164: The alleged bones of the Three Kings arrive in Cologne amid great cheers by the population .
• 1431: The Council of Basel is opened.

Disasters

• 1930: An earthquake of magnitude 6.7 in Italy caused 1,425 deaths.
• 1964: The Egyptian freighter Star of Alexandria , loaded with ammunition, explodes in the port of the Algerian city of Bône . The serious accident claims more than 100 deaths and around 160 injuries. The damage is estimated at $ 20 million.

Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Disaster .

Sports

• 1881: With the European Gymnastics Federation ( Fédération Européenne de Gymnastique - FEG), one of the oldest international associations at sport level is established, after renaming in 1921 through the inclusion of non-European members today: Internationaler Turner-Bund ( Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique - FIG).

Entries of track and field world records can be found under the respective discipline under track and field . Entries for World Cup games can be found in the bottoms of the Football World Cup . The same goes for European football championships .

Born

Before the 18th century

• 1301: Otto the Merry , Duke of Austria
• 1339: Louis I , Count of Poitou, Count and Duke of Anjou, Count of Maine, Lord of Guise, Count of Provence, Titular King of Naples and Jerusalem, Count of Roucy
• 1370: Pietro Paolo Vergerio , Italian humanist, medic, lawyer and statesman

Francesco Sforza (* 1401)

• 1401: Francesco Sforza , Italian duke, founder of the Sforza dynasty in Milan
• 1503: Anna of Bohemia and Hungary , Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, Queen of the Holy Roman Empire by marriage
• 1549: Anna Elisabeth of the Palatinate , Countess of Hesse-Rheinfels, Countess of the Palatinate of Lützelstein
• 1599: Stephan Hansen Stephanius Danish philologist and historian
• 1607: Christian Hoburg , German theologian, mystical spiritualist
• 1614: Bonaventura Peeters , Flemish painter, draftsman, etcher and poet
• 1647: Luise Marie von der Pfalz , titular Countess Palatine near the Rhine, Princess of Salm
• 1648: Anna Henriette von Pfalz-Simmern , Countess Palatine near Rhine, Princess of Condé
• 1649: Clemens XI. (Giovanni Francesco Albani), Pope
• 1656: Har Krishan , eighth guru of Sikhism
• 1659: Antonius Schultingh , Dutch legal scholar

18th century

• 1703: Carl Friedrich von Kraut , Oberhofmarschall of Prince Heinrich of Prussia
• 1721: Joseph Franz Xaver von Hoppenbichl , German Catholic clergyman and economist

Anna Dorothea Therbusch (* 1721)

• 1721: Anna Dorothea Therbusch , German Rococo painter
• 1722: Anne-Catherine de Ligniville Helvétius , French salonnière of the Enlightenment
• 1725: Nicolaus Anton Johann Kirchhof , German businessman, politician and scholar
• 1731: Amalie Christina Gylding , German porcelain painter
• 1743: Johann Christian Bach , pianist and teacher at the pedagogy in Halle
• 1746: Bernardo de Gálvez y Madrid , Spanish military, politician and Viceroy of New Spain
• 1750: Friedrich Ewald Ernst von Massow , German civil servant
• 1751: Karl Gottlob von Anton , German lawyer, politician and historian
• 1752: Emanuel von Schimonsky , Prince-Bishop of Breslau
• 1761: Rudolph von Wrbna , Austrian civil servant
• 1764: Johann Baptist von Schiber , German lawyer
• 1764: Franz Seraphicus Schmid , Roman Catholic clergyman and author
• 1769: Alexei Nikolajewitsch Titow , Russian composer
• 1770: Karl Ferdinand Friese , Prussian State Secretary and President of the Prussian Main Bank

Eugène François Vidocq (* 1775)

• 1775: Eugène François Vidocq , French criminal and criminalist
• 1777: Philipp Otto Runge , German early Romantic painter
• 1783: Karl Chotek von Chotkow , Czech nobleman, administrator and politician
• 1784: James W. Gazlay , American attorney and politician, Member of the House of Representatives for Ohio
• 1796: Franz Berwald , Swedish composer and violinist
• 1797: Charles Jules Labarte , French art historian

19th century

1801-1850

Robert J. Walker (* 1801)

• 1801: Robert J. Walker , American politician, Senator for Mississippi, Secretary of the Treasury, Governor of Kansas
• 1804: Jane Irwin Harrison , U.S. First Lady
• 1806: Charles Stoddart , British diplomat
• 1811: Friedrich Adolph Mackrott , German musician
• 1815: André-Charles-Victor Reille , French general
• 1816: Charlotte Saunders Cushman , American actress
• 1819: Alexis Dumont , German lawyer and local politician
• 1820: Julia Tyler , American first lady, second wife of President John Tyler
• 1824: Kuno Fischer , German philosopher
• 1827: Otto Ribbeck , German classical philologist
• 1828: Jonathan Hutchinson , British surgeon, dermatologist and pathologist
• 1834: Johann Jakob Abegg , Swiss politician and entrepreneur
• 1838: Édouard Colonne , French conductor
• 1844: Harriet Williams Russell Strong , American inventor, conservationist and suffragette
• 1849: Géza Zichy , Hungarian pianist and composer

1851-1900

• 1854: Birt Acres , British photographer and film pioneer
• 1856: Bal Gangadhar Tilak , Indian author and publisher, politician and independence fighter
• 1857: Carl Meinhof , German pastor and Africanist

Adolf Schmidt (* 1860)

• 1860: Adolf Schmidt , German geophysicist
• 1861: Anna Bechler , German writer
• 1861: Alexander Willem Frederik Idenburg , Governor of Suriname and Governor General of the Dutch East Indies
• 1862: Franz Amann , Liechtenstein politician
• 1865: Friedrich Aereboe , German agricultural economist
• 1865: Ludwig Sütterlin , German craftsperson, type designer and teacher
• 1866: Francesco Cilea , Italian composer and music teacher
• 1869: Hans Blau , Swiss civil servant
• 1869: Susanne Dessoir , German singer
• 1870: August Jacob Georg Howaldt , German entrepreneur and industrialist in shipbuilding ( Howaldtswerke AG )
• 1872: Edward Adrian Wilson , British polar explorer, doctor and ornithologist
• 1873: Marie Janson , Belgian politician and women's rights activist
• 1876: Aino Ackté , Finnish soprano
• 1878: James Thomas Milton Anderson , Canadian politician and teacher
• 1882: Hans Kyser , German author and film director
• 1884: Emil Jannings , German actor
• 1884: Apolinary Szeluto , Polish composer
• 1886: Theodor Frings , German Germanist and linguist
• 1886: Salvador de Madariaga , Spanish diplomat and author
• 1886: Walter Schottky , German physicist and electrical engineer

Anna Maria Schulte (* 1886)

• 1886: Anna Maria Schulte , German social democrat and social activist
• 1888: Raymond Chandler , American crime writer
• 1889: Yuri Pavlovich Annenkow , Russian artist
• 1889: Georges Bonnet , French Foreign Minister
• 1890: Joan Amades , Catalan ethnologist and folklorist
• 1890: Bruno Asch , German politician
• 1892: Bruno Brehm , Austrian writer
• 1892: Haile Selassie , Ethiopian Emperor and British Field Marshal
• 1893: Heinrich Imig , German trade unionist and politician, Member of the Bundestag, MEP
• 1894: Hektor Ammann , Swiss historian and archivist
• 1894: Edi Linser , Austrian motorcycle racer

Aileen Pringle (* 1895)

• 1895: Aileen Pringle , American actress
• 1895: Florence Vidor , American actress
• 1896: Reinhold Frank , German lawyer and resistance fighter
• 1896: Adrienne Gessner , Austrian actress
• 1899: Gustav Heinemann , German politician, Federal President, State Minister, Federal Minister, Member of the Bundestag, Member of the Bundestag
• 1899: Lou Seitz , German actress
• 1900: Helen Ferguson , American actress and press agent

20th century

1901-1925

• 1901: Doc Walsh , American country musician
• 1902: Walter Burle Marx , Brazilian composer, pianist and conductor
• 1904: Georges Hugon , French composer
• 1905: Richard Angst , Swiss cameraman
• 1906: Walter Artelt , German doctor, dentist and medical historian
• 1906: Walter Blume , German lawyer and SS standard leader
• 1906: Wolfgang Gentner , German physicist

Vladimir Prelog (* 1906)

• 1906: Vladimir Prelog , Bosnian-Swiss chemist
• 1907: Käte Strobel , German politician, Member of the Bundestag, Federal Minister
• 1908: Elio Vittorini , Italian writer
• 1909: Lisa Gelius , German athlete
• 1909: Rudolf Pfister , Swiss Protestant clergyman and university professor
• 1910: Karl Adamek , Austrian football player and coach
• 1911: Hildegard Emmel , German Germanist
• 1912: Rafael Artzy , Israeli mathematician
• 1912: Mozaffar Baqai , Iranian politician
• 1913: Coral Browne , Australian-American theater and film actress
• 1913: Michael Foot , British politician
• 1914: Alice Arden , American high jumper
• 1917: Gisela Voss , German athlete
• 1918: Ann Ayars , American actress and opera singer (soprano)
• 1918: Raissa Dawydowna Orlowa-Kopelewa , Russian writer

Amália Rodrigues (* 1920)

• 1920: Amália Rodrigues , Portuguese fado singer
• 1922: Damiano Damiani , Italian director
• 1923: Thea Beckman , Dutch writer
• 1924: Gazanfer Bilge , Turkish wrestler, Olympic champion
• 1924: Wilfried Hasselmann , German farmer and politician, MdL, State Minister
• 1925: Gloria DeHaven , American actress
• 1925: Ketumile Masire , President of Botswana
• 1925: Oliver Smithies , British-American geneticist, Nobel Prize winner

1926-1950

• 1926: Alexander Nikolajewitsch Afanassjew , Russian editor and fairy tale researcher
• 1926: Margret Rettich , German illustrator and children's book author
• 1927: Gérard Brach , French screenwriter
• 1927: Jürgen Driehaus , German prehistoric scientist
• 1928: Inge Kazamel , German politician, MdL

Vera Rubin (* 1928)

• 1928: Vera Rubin , American astronomer
• 1929: Pierre Aubenque , French historian of philosophy
• 1929: Gertraud Middelhauve , German publisher
• 1930: Johan Albert Ankum , Dutch legal scholar and historian
• 1930: Pierre Vidal-Naquet , French historian
• 1931: Jan Troell , Swedish film director
• 1932: Leopoldo Billings , Venezuelan composer
• 1932: Wolfgang Scholz , German firefighter
• 1933: Raimund Abraham , Austrian-American architect and professor of architecture
• 1933: Richard Rogers , English architect
• 1934: Héctor De Bourgoing , Argentine-French footballer
• 1934: Steve Lacy , American jazz musician and soprano saxophonist
• 1934: Veronika Petrovici , plastic surgeon
• 1935: Edward Acquah , Ghanaian soccer player
• 1935: John Cordts , Canadian racing car driver
• 1936: Don Drysdale , American baseball player
• 1938: Ronny Cox , American actor and singer

Götz George (* 1938)

• 1938: Götz George , German actor
• 1940: Gunter Halm , German politician, Minister for Light Industry in the GDR
• 1940: Friedrich Graf von Westphalen , German lawyer
• 1941: Heinz Anger , Austrian painter
• 1941: Hartwig Steenken , German show jumper
• 1942: Madeline Bell , American singer
• 1942: Myra Hindley , English serial killer
• 1942: Ulrich Teichler , German university researcher
• 1943: Irina Liebmann , German writer
• 1943: Tony Joe White , American musician, singer, and songwriter
• 1944: Lisa Alther , American writer
• 1944: Walt Garrison , American football player
• 1945: Roland Ertl , Austrian military, Chief of the General Staff of the Austrian Armed Forces
• 1945: Gregor Morfill , German physicist
• 1946: Andy Mackay , British musician
• 1946: Kenper Miller , American racing car driver and racing team owner

Mohan Agashe (* 1947)

• 1947: Mohan Agashe , Indian actor and psychiatrist
• 1947: David Essex , British singer
• 1947: L. Subramaniam , Indian violinist, composer and conductor
• 1947: Pierre Yver , French racing car driver
• 1948: Wolfgang Schächen , German architectural historian
• 1948: Ludger Stratmann , German doctor and cabaret artist
• 1949: Carlos Bonell , English guitarist and music teacher
• 1949: Sławomir Czarnecki , Polish composer and music teacher
• 1950: Igor Giorgadze , Georgian State Security Minister

1951-1975

Edie McClurg (born 1951)

• 1951: Edie McClurg , American actress
• 1952: Peter Bleser , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1953: Michael Kind , German actor
• 1953: Najib Razak , Malaysian politician
• 1953: Axel Tyll , German soccer player
• 1954: Annie Sprinkle , American prostitute and porn actress
• 1955: Faustino Armendáriz Jiménez , Mexican bishop
• 1957: Rufus Beck , German theater and film actor
• 1957: Theo van Gogh , Dutch filmmaker
• 1958: Klaus-Dieter Augst , German soccer player
• 1958: Frank Mill , German soccer player
• 1960: Peter Puck , German comic artist
• 1961: Kristján Arason , Icelandic handball player and coach
• 1961: Martin Gore , British musician
• 1961: Woody Harrelson , American actor
• 1962: Perico Sambeat , Spanish jazz saxophonist
• 1963: Richard Geppert , German conductor and church musician, Kapellmeister, organist and keyboardist
• 1964: Uwe Barth , German politician
• 1964: Manuel Rocheman , French jazz pianist
• 1965: Slash , American guitarist
• 1965: Jörg Stübner , German soccer player
• 1966: Cheb Bilal , Algerian Raï singer
• 1966: Michael Esken , German local politician

Philip Seymour Hoffman (* 1967)

• 1967: Philip Seymour Hoffman , American actor
• 1967: Titiyo , Swedish singer
• 1968: Gary Payton , American basketball player
• 1968: Susanna Simon , German actress
• 1968: Axel Titzki , German musician and composer
• 1969: Marco Bode , German soccer player
• 1969: Ulrich Drechsler , German jazz musician
• 1969: Tanja Gönner , German politician, Member of the Bundestag, Member of the Bundestag, State Minister
• 1969: Kai Meyer , German writer, journalist and screenwriter
• 1969: Ronny Tekal , Austrian doctor
• 1970: Charisma Carpenter , American actress
• 1970: Thea Dorn , German writer and television presenter
• 1971: Alison Krauss , American singer
• 1971: Nicola Ransom , German actress

Giovane Élber (* 1972)

• 1972: Giovane Élber , Brazilian soccer player
• 1972: Tamara Countess von Nayhauß , German television presenter
• 1973: Nomar Garciaparra , American baseball player of Mexican descent
• 1973: Monica Lewinsky , American psychologist
• 1974: Martin Amerhauser , Austrian soccer player and coach
• 1974: Frode Hagen , Norwegian handball player
• 1975: Alfred Rust , German lawyer and judge at the Federal Social Court
• 1975: Alessio Tacchinardi , Italian football player

1976-2000

Judith Arndt (* 1976)

• 1976: Judith Arndt , German cyclist
• 1976: Jörg Jaksche , German cyclist
• 1976: Judit Polgár , Hungarian chess player
• 1977: Gail Emms , British badminton player
• 1979: Pedro Aguayo Ramírez , Mexican wrestler
• 1979: Sotirios Kyrgiakos , Greek football player
• 1980: Mariana Kautz , German figure skater
• 1980: Michelle Williams , American singer

Susan Hoecke (* 1981)

• 1981: Susan Hoecke , German actress
• 1981: Jarkko Nieminen , Finnish tennis player
• 1982: Tom Mison , British actor
• 1982: Paul Wesley , American actor
• 1983: Bastian Kaltenböck , Austrian ski jumper
• 1983: Aaron Peirsol , American swimmer, Olympic champion
• 1983: Josefine Öqvist , Swedish football player
• 1984: Arnór Atlason , Icelandic handball player
• 1984: Walter Gargano , Uruguayan soccer player
• 1984: Brandon Roy , American basketball player
• 1985: William Dunlop , British motorcycle racer

Anna Maria Mühe (* 1985)

• 1985: Anna Maria Mühe , German actress
• 1986: Millane Fernandez , German pop singer
• 1987: Maximilian Arndt , German bobsleigh athlete
• 1987: Tobias Hahn , German handball player
• 1987: Julian Nagelsmann , German soccer coach
• 1988: Paul Anderson , English soccer player
• 1988: Daniel Mancinelli , Italian racing driver
• 1989: Daniel Radcliffe , British actor
• 1989: Donald Young , American tennis player

Nicole Mieth (* 1990)

• 1990: Nicole Mieth , German actress
• 1992: Riccardo Brutschin , German racing driver
• 1994: David Gleirscher , Austrian luge rider
• 1994: Khaled Narey , German soccer player
• 1996: Danielle Bradbery , American country singer
• 1996: Sinan Kurt , German soccer player
• 1996: Cedric Sprick , German actor
• 1997: Olamide Zaccheaus , American football player
• 1999: Vitinho , Brazilian soccer player
• 2000: Derya Flechtner , German actress and voice actress

21st century

• 2001: Maximilian Großer , German soccer player
• 2002: Benjamin Flores, Jr. , American actor and rapper

Died

Before the 16th century

• 0428: Pirrus , Western Roman usurper
• 0494: Sallustius , Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem
• 0945: Richer , Bishop of Liège
• 1065: Gunther , Bishop of Bamberg
• 1168: Markward , Abbot of Fulda
• 1213: Maria von Oignies , Brabant mystic and beguine
• 1274: Wonjong , 24th King of the Korean Goryeo Empire
• 1298: Thoros III. , King of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
• 1321: Thomas de Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley , English nobleman

Birgitta of Sweden († 1373)

• 1373: Birgitta of Sweden , Swedish court master, mystic, founder of the Order of the Redeemer, patroness of Europe
• 1377: Paul von Jägerndorf , Bishop of Gurk and Freising
• 1393: Konrad von Wallenrode , Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
• 1399: Hugo von Vorteilst , Vicar General in Cologne
• 1403: Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester , English nobleman, military man and diplomat
• 1427: Siegmund Albich , Bohemian nobleman, personal physician to Emperor Sigismund, Archbishop of Prague
• 1467: Paul Stange von Legendorf , Prince-Bishop of Warmia
• 1488: Albrecht von Baden , non-ruling margrave of Baden
• 1497: Barbara Fugger , Augsburg citizen and businesswoman

16./17. century

• 1531: Louis de Brézé , French nobleman
• 1536: Henry Fitzroy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset , illegitimate son of Henry VIII of England
• 1548: Worawongsa , 16th king of the Siamese kingdom of Ayutthaya

Götz von Berlichingen († 1562)

• 1562: Götz von Berlichingen , German imperial knight
• 1564: Éléonore de Roye , Princess of Condé
• 1581: Georg von Lalaing , governor of the provinces of Friesland, Groningen, Drenthe and Overijssel
• 1590: Barbara Lierheimer , German midwife
• 1595: Thoinot Arbeau , French canon
• 1596: Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon , English nobleman
• 1635: Hans Ulrich von Schaffgotsch , imperial general in the Thirty Years' War
• 1645: Michael I , first Tsar and Grand Duke of Russia from the Romanov dynasty
• 1666: Katharina Steb , victim of the persecution of witches in Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
• 1667: Justus Henricus Heidfeldt , German theologian and philologist
• 1673: Balthasar Rösler , German miner
• 1700: Georg Bose , Leipzig councilor and merchant

18th century

• 1710: Michael Hoppenhaupt , Danish sculptor
• 1710: Samuel Stryk , German lawyer
• 1717: Enoch Svantenius , German educator and poet

Susanna Wesley († 1742)

• 1742: Susanna Wesley , English pastor's wife, "mother of Methodism"
• 1750: Ferdinand Leopold von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen , Prime Minister of the Electorate of Cologne
• 1752: Friedrich Gottlieb Struve , German lawyer and university professor
• 1757: Domenico Scarlatti , Italian Baroque composer
• 1765: Köse Bahir Mustafa Pascha , Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire
• 1767: Daniel Gralath the Elder , German physicist and mayor of Danzig right city
• 1781: John Joachim Zubly , Swiss-American priest and politician
• 1786: Franz Jakob Späth , German organ builder
• 1794: Alexandre de Beauharnais , French politician
• 1795: Antoine Maurice the Younger , Swiss Protestant clergyman and university professor

19th century

• 1802: Maria del Pilar Teresa Cayetana de Silva y Álvarez de Toledo , Duchess of Alba
• 1811: Abraham Abramson , German medalist

Wilhelm René de l'Homme de Courbière († 1811)

• 1811: Wilhelm René de l'Homme de Courbière , Prussian Field Marshal General of French origin, Governor General of West Prussia
• 1822: Hieronymus von Colloredo-Mansfeld , Austrian general
• 1840: Carl Blechen , German landscape painter
• 1843: Antonín Mánes , Czech painter and draftsman of the Romantic period
• 1844: Jonathan August Weichert , German classical philologist and pedagogue
• 1845: William Sublette , American fur trader, trapper, and mountain man
• 1853: Andries Pretorius , Boer politician and Voortrekker
• 1860: Moritz Bräuninger , German missionary, possibly martyr (lost, possibly murdered)
• 1871: Joseph Roesberg , German dialect poet and composer
• 1872: William Bridges Adams , British publicist, railroad designer and entrepreneur
• 1875: Isaac Merritt Singer , American entrepreneur and inventor
• 1877: Florus Conrad Auffarth , Prussian administrative officer
• 1880: Constantin Hering , German-American doctor, is considered the founder of homeopathy in America
• 1885: Ulysses S. Grant , Commander in Chief of the US Army in the Civil War, 18th President of the USA
• 1899: Valentin von Massow , German colonial officer

20th century

1901-1950

• 1902: Elsa Neumann , German physicist
• 1907: Antonin Marmontel , French composer, pianist and music teacher
• 1909: Zygmunt Noskowski , Polish composer, conductor and music teacher
• 1910: Henry H. Aplin , American politician

William Ramsay († 1916)

• 1916: William Ramsay , British chemist and Nobel Prize winner from Scotland, discoverer of noble gases
• 1919: Eduard Adt , German manufacturer and politician, mayor, MdR
• 1924: Frank Frost Abbott , American classical philologist
• 1925: Alberto Valenzuela Llanos , Chilean painter
• 1927: Arthur Hoffmann , Swiss politician
• 1928: Kasai Zenzō , Japanese writer and journalist
• 1929: Paul Flechsig , German psychiatrist and brain researcher, is considered one of the "fathers of neuroanatomy"
• 1932: Alberto Santos Dumont , Brazilian aeronaut, aviation pioneer and inventor
• 1933: Luigi Abbiate , Monegasque composer and cellist
• 1934: Jean Gaupillat , French entrepreneur and racing car driver
• 1935: Otto Glöckel , Austrian politician and school reformer
• 1939: Carl Thiel , German music teacher
• 1944: Hans von Sponeck , German officer, lieutenant general in the Wehrmacht in World War II
• 1948: David Wark Griffith , American actor, director, and film producer

1951-2000

• 1951: Robert J. Flaherty , American documentary filmmaker

Philippe Pétain († 1951)

• 1951: Philippe Pétain , French commander in chief, politician and diplomat, head of state of the Vichy regime
• 1952: Heinrich Mitteis , German legal historian
• 1952: Carl Severing , German politician, MdR, MdL, State Minister, Reich Minister of the Interior
• 1954: Georg Lippold , German archaeologist
• 1954: Josef Sellmair , German theologian and educator
• 1955: Cordell Hull , American lawyer and politician, Secretary of State, Nobel Prize winner
• 1957: Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa , Italian writer
• 1959: Franz Miltner , Austrian ancient historian and archaeologist
• 1960: Elie Spivak , Canadian violinist and music teacher
• 1964: Jan de Vries , Dutch Germanist and religious scholar
• 1966: Georg Adlmüller , German architect and construction officer
• 1966: Montgomery Clift , American film and stage actor
• 1968: Luigi Cevenini , Italian football player and coach

Henry Hallett Dale († 1968)

• 1968: Henry Hallett Dale , American biochemist, Nobel Prize winner
• 1971: Van Heflin , American actor
• 1971: Ross Thatcher , Canadian politician
• 1973: Edward Vernon Rickenbacker , American racing car driver, entrepreneur and fighter pilot
• 1974: Norm Armstrong , Canadian ice hockey player
• 1974: Matthias Gelzer , Swiss ancient historian
• 1977: Arsenio Erico , Paraguayan soccer player
• 1978: Erich Fascher , German Protestant theologian
• 1979: Mathieu Ahlersmeyer , German opera singer and actor
• 1979: Joseph Kessel , French journalist and writer

Mollie Steimer († 1980)

• 1980: Mollie Steimer , Russian author, political activist and anarchist
• 1980: William H. Wright , American screenwriter, film and television producer
• 1981: Ivan Eklind , Swedish football referee
• 1981: Franz Solan Schäppi , Swiss Capuchin and missionary scholar
• 1982: Lucia Apicella , Italian philanthropist
• 1982: Betty Parsons , American artist and gallery owner, "Mother of Abstract Expressionism"
• 1983: Georges Auric , French composer
• 1986: Adolfo Baloncieri , Italian football player and coach
• 1986: Gerhard Wendland , German painter

Donald Barthelme († 1989)

• 1989: Donald Barthelme , American postmodern writer
• 1989: Hans-Arno Simon , German composer, singer, pianist and producer
• 1990: Heinz Adler , German politician, MdL
• 1990: Otto Ambros , German chemist, military economist, war criminal
• 1992: Maxine Audley , British actress
• 1992: Rosemary Sutcliff , British writer
• 1993: Smokey Smothers , American blues guitarist and singer
• 1993: Leslie Thorne , American racing car driver
• 1994: Grete Schickedanz , German entrepreneur, head of the Quelle mail order company
• 1995: Berta Scharrer , German-American neuroscientist
• 1996: Milagros Beras Dalmasí , Dominican pianist and music teacher
• 1996: Heinz Chmill , German politician, MdL
• 1997: Nambu Chūhei , Japanese athlete, Olympic champion
• 1998: Jan Beenakker , Dutch physicist
• 1998: Wilbur Schwandt , American composer
• 1999: Horst-Gregorio Canellas , German-Spanish entrepreneur and football official
• 1999: Hassan II , King of Morocco
• 2000: Johannes Dyba , German Roman Catholic theologian and diplomat, Bishop of Fulda

21st century

• 2001: Eudora Welty , American writer

William Luther Pierce († 2002)

• 2002: William Luther Pierce , American physicist, founder and leader of right-wing extremist organizations
• 2002: Chaim Potok , American writer
• 2004: Carlos Paredes , Portuguese composer and guitarist
• 2004: Serge Reggiani , French actor and chansonnier
• 2005: Ray Crist , American chemist
• 2006: Rudolf Teschner , German chess player and author
• 2007: Ernst Otto Fischer , German chemist, Nobel Prize winner
• 2007: Mohammed Zahir Shah , last Shah of Afghanistan
• 2007: George Tabori , British playwright, director, screenwriter and actor of Hungarian origin
• 2008: Friedhelm Busse , German neo-Nazi
• 2008: Friedel Elting , German soccer player and coach
• 2011: Nguyễn Cao Kỳ , South Vietnamese Air Force general and politician

Amy Winehouse († 2011)

• 2011: Amy Winehouse , British singer and songwriter
• 2012: Franco Andolfo , Italian-Austrian entertainer, pop singer and composer
• 2012: Maria Emanuel Margrave von Meißen , head of the Wettin family (Albertinian line)
• 2012: Sally Ride , American astronaut
• 2013: Rona Anderson , British actress
• 2013: Emile Griffith , American boxer
• 2013: Djalma Santos , Brazilian soccer player
• 2014: Arie Kindler , Israeli numismatist
• 2014: Ursula Wölfel , German author for children and young people
• 2015: William Wakefield Baum , American Cardinal
• 2015: Ulrich Zieger , German writer
• 2016: Siegfried Böhm , German camera designer
• 2016: Thorbjörn Fälldin , Swedish politician, Prime Minister
• 2016: Edeltrud Posiles , Austrian Righteous Among the Nations
• 2017: Amir Fryszer Guttman , Israeli singer and LGBT activist
• 2017: Hans Hurch , Austrian film journalist and festival director

Roh Hoe-chan († 2018)

• 2018: Roh Hoe-chan , South Korean politician
• 2018: Walter Oswalt , German social philosopher and publicist
• 2019: Michael Roth , German engineer
• 2019: Ferdinand von Bismarck , German lawyer
• 2020: Otto Rettenmaier , German entrepreneur
• 2020: Jacqueline Scott , American actress
• 2021: Alfred Biolek , German talk show host, entertainer and author

Holidays and memorial days

• Church memorial days
  • St. Birgitta of Sweden , Swedish founder of the order and mystic (Protestant, Anglican, Catholic)
• Name days
  • Berit , Birgit , Brigitte
• State holidays and memorial days
  • Egypt , fall of the monarchy (1952)

The list of days of remembrance and action contains further entries .

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Commons : July 23rd  - Collection of images, videos and audio files