Bruno Asch

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Bruno Asch (1890-1940)

Bruno Asch (born July 23, 1890 in Wollstein , † May 15, 1940 in Amsterdam ) was a German local politician of the SPD .

Life

Bruno Asch was born into a Jewish family in Wollstein, then in the province of Posen . He attended school up to secondary school leaving certificate and then completed a commercial apprenticeship in Berlin. Asch took part in the First World War as a front soldier; He played a leading role on the Eastern Front in the formation of the "Great Soldiers Council Kovno" and was elected as 1st Chairman of the "Central Soldiers Council of the Eastern Front". He was awarded the Iron Cross and began to be politically active. After the end of the war he became a member of the USPD and joined the SPD around 1921. In 1920 he was hired as a full-time economic officer in Höchst am Main . He was elected mayor of Höchst am Main in 1923, which was occupied by the French at the time. Because he resisted the occupation authorities, he was sentenced to three months in prison by a French military court in 1923 and then expelled from Höchst. Asch conducted his official business by telephone from Frankfurt am Main until Bruno Müller replaced him as mayor in 1925. From 1925 to 1931, Asch was city ​​treasurer in Frankfurt am Main in the era of new building , at the same time as city planning officer Ernst May . On September 15, 1925, he was elected in a closed session with 38 votes to 21 and was introduced to his office on October 27, 1925. Together with Lord Mayor Ludwig Landmann and town planning officer Ernst May, the treasurer Bruno Asch formed the “gravitational center of the magistrate in the Weimar Republic” (Dieter Rebentisch). He was a passionate advocate of the expansive Frankfurt housing policy initiated by Ernst May in the New Frankfurt project . As the successor to the Berlin city treasurer Georg Lange (1883–1964), he moved to Berlin in 1931. The National Socialists drove the socialist of Jewish origin from office in 1933.

Memorial plaque for Bruno Asch at the Bolongaropalast in Frankfurt-Höchst

Asch emigrated together with his wife Margarete Asch (born June 16, 1886 in Potsdam as Margarete Hauschner) and his three daughters Mirjam (* 1920), Ruth Eva (born October 1, 1923 in Höchst) and Renate Charlotte (born April 24, 1928 in Frankfurt a. M.) to the Netherlands. Here he took his own life when the German troops marched in in May 1940 . Margarete and Renate were deported on March 10, 1943, Ruth Eva on July 20, 1943 and murdered in the Sobibor extermination camp . The eldest daughter Mirjam survived in Palestine, where she emigrated in 1939.

Stumbling block in front of the house, Breisacher Strasse 19, in Berlin-Dahlem

Commemoration

In 1994 a memorial plaque was placed at the Bolongaro Palace in Höchst.

The city of Frankfurt am Main named a 7,500 m² park in front of the Höchst train station after him, the Bruno-Asch-Anlage . In 2011, the area was restored to its original state (sunken lawn with a cascade fountain designed by the sculptor Paul Seiler ).

The Jewish Museum Frankfurt has been showing a portrait of Asch by the painter Jakob Nussbaum from 1930 in its permanent exhibition since 2005 .

In 2009 a stumbling block was laid in front of his last residence in Berlin.

literature

  • Jan von Trott: For a human city in a more sensible world! Frankfurt am Main 1986.
  • Dieter Rebentisch: "Bruno Asch", in: Arno Lustiger (ed.), "Jewish Foundations in Frankfurt am Main". Frankfurt a. M. 1988, pp. 298-306
  • Frankfurt Historical Commission (ed.): Frankfurt am Main. The history of the city in nine articles. Sigmaringen 1991.
  • Helga Krohn: Bruno Asch: Socialist. Local politician. German Jew 1890-1940. Frankfurt am Main 2015.
  • Barbara Burkardt, Manfred Pult: The municipal parliament of the administrative district of Wiesbaden. 1868–1933 (= Nassau parliamentarians. Vol. 2 = Prehistory and history of parliamentarism in Hesse. Vol. 17 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Nassau. Vol. 71). Historical Commission for Nassau, Wiesbaden 2003, ISBN 3-930221-11-X , No. 11.
  • Jochen Lengemann : MdL Hessen. 1808-1996. Biographical index (= political and parliamentary history of the state of Hesse. Vol. 14 = publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse. Vol. 48, 7). Elwert, Marburg 1996, ISBN 3-7708-1071-6 , p. 57.

Web links

Commons : Bruno Asch  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Helga Krohn: Bruno Asch: Socialist. Local politician. German Jew 1890-1940. Frankfurt am Main 2015, p. 160 u. 167
  2. ↑ Executive Board of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (ed.) Committed to freedom. Memorial book of the German social democracy in the 20th century . Stoking: 2005 p. 25
  3. ↑ Wolfgang Klötzer (Ed.): Frankfurter Biographie . Personal history lexicon . First volume. A – L (=  publications of the Frankfurt Historical Commission . Volume XIX , no. 1 ). Waldemar Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1994, ISBN 3-7829-0444-3 . P. 31
  4. ^ Helga Krohn: Bruno Asch: Socialist. Local politician. German Jew 1890-1940. Frankfurt am Main 2015, p. 20 and 172
  5. ↑ Freie Universität Berlin (ed.): Berlin Memorial Book of the Jewish Victims of National Socialism Berlin 1995: Edition Hentrich. P. 46f.
  6. ^ Helga Krohn: Bruno Asch: Socialist. Local politician. German Jew 1890-1940. Frankfurt am Main 2015, p. 248ff.
  7. ^ Highest "jewel" almost restored in: FAZ of April 27, 2011, page 36
  8. ↑ The painting was commissioned by the city of Frankfurt in 1930 and acquired by Asch in 1933 after he emigrated. The Jewish Museum acquired the painting from his surviving daughter Mirjam. See Helga Krohn: Bruno Asch: Socialist. Local politician. German Jew 1890-1940. Frankfurt am Main 2015, pp. 202ff.


personal data
SURNAME Asch, Bruno
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German local politician of the SPD
DATE OF BIRTH July 23, 1890
PLACE OF BIRTH Wolsztyn
DATE OF DEATH May 15, 1940
Place of death Amsterdam