Salyut 6
| Salyut 6 | |
|---|---|
 Salyut 6 |
|
| Mission data | |
| Start: (basic module) |
September 29, 1977 6:50 a.m. UTC Baikonur LC200 / 39 |
| Re-entry: | July 29, 1982 |
| Crews: | 16 crews |
| Manned in orbit: | 685 days |
| Total in orbit: | 1764 days |
| Earth orbits: | 28,024 |
| Apogee: | 275 km |
| Perigee: | 219 km |
| Rotation time: | 89.1 min |
| Orbit inclination: | 51.6 ° |
| Covered track: | 1,136,861,930 km |
| Total mass: | 19,000 kg |
Salyut 6 was a Soviet space station , which on 29. September 1977 with a proton - carrier rocket was launched. Based on the design of the predecessor types of the DOS / OPS series , it had some revolutionary innovations, such as the second coupling socket at the rear. This enabled Progress supply spaceships to dock at the station for the first time and supply them with fuel and other cargo. With Salyut 6, long-term missions were possible for the first time.
Between 1977 and 1982 the station was visited by six long-term and eleven visiting teams, including for the first time space travelers from other countries as part of the Interkosmos program . With a stay of 96 days, the first long-term crew of Salyut 6 broke the record set on board the US station Skylab in 1973/74 . The longest stay on board was 185 days. The fourth long-term crew installed a 10-meter radio telescopic antenna . In 1981, Kosmos 1267, a TKS spaceship from the military Almas program , docked with the station for test purposes. Salyut 6 thus provided the basis for building a modular space station. The complex could not be used by a crew, however, as the last crew left Salyut 6 before the docking of Kosmos in 1267. Salyut 6 was brought to a controlled crash over the South Pacific on July 29, 1982 .
Salyut 6 expeditions
The first planned long-term crew started with Soyuz 25 at Salyut 6. After two days, Vladimir Kowaljonok and Valeri Ryumin reached the station, but were unable to dock due to an error in their spaceship's automatic proximity system.
Salyut 6 then had a total of six long-term crews. On December 10, 1977 the first regular crew reached Salyut 6 EO-1 , consisting of Juri Romanenko and Georgi Grechko , with Soyuz 26 and stayed for 96 days. The second long-term crew Salyut 6 EO-2 (Vladimir Kowaljonok and Alexander Ivanchenkow in Soyuz 29 ) docked at the station on June 15, 1978 and lived and worked there for 140 days. Vladimir Lyachow and Valeri Ryumin came to the station with Soyuz 32 on February 25, 1979 and formed the regular crew Salyut 6 EO-3 . They stayed 175 days. The fourth long-term crew Salyut 6 EO-4 reached Salyut 6 with Soyuz 35 on April 9, 1980. The crew carried out the longest stay in space with 185 days and consisted of Leonid Popov and Valeri Ryumin. The next Salyut 6 EO-5 mission was a repair mission and only lasted twelve days. Leonid Kisim , Oleg Makarow and Gennady Strekalov came to the station with Soyuz T-3 on November 27, 1980. On March 12, 1981, the last regular team Salyut 6 EO-6 , consisting of Vladimir Kowaljonok and Viktor Savinych , visited the space station and stayed for 75 days.
In addition, a total of ten crews on short-term missions (Salyut 6 EP-1 to Salyut 6 EP-10) visited the Salyut 6 space station and brought supplies and sometimes space travelers from other nations with them as part of the Interkosmos program.
All manned missions can be found in the list of manned missions to the Salyut 6 space station . The expeditions are included in the list of Salyut 6 expeditions .
Salyut-6 EVAs
| Spaceship | Disembarking | Start (UTC) | End (UTC) | Duration | comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salyut 6 - PE-1 - Soyuz 26 | Romanenko & Grechko | December 19, 1977, 9:36 pm | December 19, 1977, 11:04 pm | 1 h, 28 min | Test of the Orlan-D spacesuit |
| Salyut 6 - PE-2 - Soyuz 29 | Kowaljonok & Ivanchenkov | July 29, 1978, 4:00 am | July 29, 1978, 6:20 am | 2 h, 05 min | Obtaining experiments |
| Salyut 6 - PE-3 - Soyuz 34 | Ryumin & Lyachow | August 15, 1979, 2:16 pm | August 15, 1979, 3:39 pm | 1 h, 23 min | Removing the radio telescope |
Technical specifications
- Number of coupling nozzles: 2
- Length: 15.8 m
- Maximum diameter: 4.15 m
- Habitable volume: 90 m³
- Takeoff weight: 19,824 kg
- Span of the solar panels: 17 m
- Solar cell area: 51 m²
- Number of solar panels: 3
- generated power: 4–5 kW
- Unmanned missions: 13
- Main engines: 2
- Main engine thrust: 2.9 kN
See also
- Me
- Salyut
- International space station
- Manned space travel
- Russian space travel
- List of manned space flights
- List of space exits
- List of spacemen
literature
- Hans J. Frank: Rescue of the Mir - The fantastic autobiographical memoirs of the Doctor F. Projects-Verlag, Halle (Saale) 2003, ISBN 3-937027-33-5 .
- Andreas Schöwe: Mission Space Shuttle - space adventure in pictures and text. Bechtermünz-Verlag, Augsburg 1999, ISBN 3-8289-5357-3 .
Sources and web links
- Raumfahrer.net: Salyut: The way to the Russian space station.
- David M. Harland: The story of Space Station Mir. Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York 2005, ISBN 0-387-23011-4 .
- Salyut 6 in the NSSDCA Master Catalog (English)
- NASA: Soviet Space Stations as Analogs (English, PDF, 22.7 MiB)