Soyuz 27
Mission dates | |||
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Mission: | Soyuz 27 | ||
COSPAR-ID : | 1978-003A | ||
Spacecraft: |
Soyuz 7K-T ( GRAY index 11F615A8) serial number 44 |
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Dimensions: | 6800 kg | ||
Launcher: | Soyuz U (GRAY index 11A511U) | ||
Call sign: | Outbound flight: Памир ("Pamir") Return flight: Таймыр ("Taimyr") |
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Crew: | 2 | ||
Begin: | January 10, 1978, 12:26:00 UTC | ||
Starting place: | Baikonur 1/5 | ||
Space station: | Salyut 6 | ||
Coupling: | January 11, 1978, 14:05:54 UTC | ||
Decoupling: | March 16, 1978, 07:58 UTC | ||
Landing: | March 16, 1978, 11:18:47 UTC | ||
Landing place: | 310 km west of Zelinograd | ||
Flight duration: | 64d 22h 52m 47s | ||
Earth orbits: | 1025 | ||
Rotation time : | 88.73 min | ||
Apogee : | 254 km | ||
Perigee : | 199 km | ||
◄ Before / After ► | |||
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Soyuz 27 is the mission name for the flight of a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft to the Soviet space station Salyut 6, which started on January 10, 1978 . It was the second visit by a Soyuz spacecraft to this space station and the 45th flight in the Soviet Soyuz program. At the same time, it was the first visit by a visiting team (Salyut 6 EP-1) and served to hand over a spaceship to the regular crew Salyut 6 EO-1 .
crew
Starting crew
- Vladimir Alexandrovich Dschanibekow (1st space flight), commander
- Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov (2nd flight into orbit), flight engineer
According to earlier plans, Janibekov and Makarov were not intended as a couple. On the flight, which was supposed to follow Soyuz 25 but was then canceled, Dzhanibekov was part of the crew and Makarov was part of the replacement crew. However, following the failure of Soyuz 25, at least one of the two cosmonauts should have space experience on future missions. Since both Dschanibekow and the originally intended Kolodin were newcomers, Kolodin was replaced by Makarow.
Substitute team
- Vladimir Wassiljewitsch Kowaljonok , commandant
- Alexander Sergejewitsch Ivanchenkov , flight engineer
Kowaljonok and Ivanchenkov were previously the substitute team at Soyuz 26 . This was the third time in a row that Ivanchenkov was a reservist.
Return crew
- Yuri Viktorovich Romanenko (1st space flight), commander
- Georgi Michailowitsch Grechko (2nd space flight), flight engineer
Mission overview
The aim of the mission was to take further steps to prepare the space stations for continuous operation. The most important steps were:
- Testing the front coupling piece (after the problems with Soyuz 25 )
- Handover of a spaceship to the regular crew (for the first time in the history of space travel)
- Release of the rear coupling nozzle for the Progress space transporter (by decoupling from Soyuz 26)
- Further testing of the control system for approximation and coupling
After a successful start, the approach and coupling were carried out automatically, although deviations from the planned regime had occurred. However, the system was able to successfully balance them. A minor problem arose when the ship's hatch had jammed after coupling was completed and had to be opened with manual effort. After suddenly overcoming the resistance, the two cosmonauts sailed through their orbital section.
When they were docked on January 11, 1978, the first object was created that was made up of three separately launched spacecraft. Experiments on the stability of the complex (generation of vibrations, measurement of resonance frequencies) were therefore carried out with the visiting team. The vibrations were generated by violent movements of the regular and visiting teams.
The visiting team stayed at the station for five days and returned safely on the Soyuz-26 spacecraft. This later common practice of exchanging the spaceship was used for the first time. In this case, the aim was to avoid the Soyuz 26 spaceship being relocated from the rear to the front port. The rear nozzle was required for the Progress supply spaceship, as the connections for refueling are located here. The necessary work (conversion of the personal seat shells and space suits, etc.) was also tested.
See also
- List of Soyuz missions
- List of Salyut 6 expeditions
- List of manned missions to the Salyut 6 space station
- List of manned space flights
- List of spacemen
- Manned space travel
Web links
- Soyuz 27 at spacefacts.de
- Soyuz 27 at space.kursknet.ru (English / Russian , archived 2016)
- Soyuz 27 in the Encyclopedia Astronautica (English)
- Soyuz 27 in the NSSDCA Master Catalog (English)
- First Expedition to Salyut 6 - Sep 1977 to Mar 1978 on Zarya.info