Soyuz 12
Mission emblem | |||||||
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Mission dates | |||||||
Mission: | Soyuz 12 | ||||||
COSPAR-ID : | 1973-067A | ||||||
Spacecraft: |
Soyuz 7K-T ( GRAY index 11F615A8) serial number 37 |
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Dimensions: | 6720 kg | ||||||
Launcher: | Soyuz (GRAY index 11A511) | ||||||
Call sign: | Урал (" Ural ") | ||||||
Crew: | 2 | ||||||
Begin: | September 27, 1973, 12:18:16 UTC | ||||||
Starting place: | Baikonur 1/5 | ||||||
Landing: | September 29, 1973, 11:33:48 UTC | ||||||
Landing place: | 400 km southwest of Karaganda | ||||||
Flight duration: | 1d 23h 15m 32s | ||||||
Earth orbits: | 31 | ||||||
Rotation time : | 91.0 min | ||||||
Orbit inclination : | 51.0 ° | ||||||
Apogee : | 348 km | ||||||
Perigee : | 306 km | ||||||
◄ Before / After ► | |||||||
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Soyuz 12 is the mission name for the flight of a Soviet Soyuz spaceship that started on September 27, 1973 . It was the 22nd flight in the Soyuz program and the first manned 11 after the accident with Soyuz . In between, unmanned Soyuz spaceships were launched under the designations Kosmos 496 and 573 .
crew
Main team
- Vasily Grigoryevich Lasarew (1st space flight), commander
- Oleg Grigoryevich Makarow (1st space flight), flight engineer
Lazarev was the first time a non-pilot became the commander of a Soviet space flight. Lazarev was a doctor before he was trained as a cosmonaut, Makarov engineer.
Substitute team
- Alexei Alexandrovich Gubarev , commander
- Georgi Michailowitsch Grechko , flight engineer
The second substitute team consisted of Pyotr Klimuk and Vitaly Sevastyanov .
Mission overview
The mission served the manned testing of the second generation of Soyuz spaceships. The experience of the tragic end of the Soyuz 11 crew led to the reworking of the ship. Since space suits had to be worn during take-off, landing and other critical maneuvers , the crew was reduced to two cosmonauts.
In addition to the inspection of the spaceship, spectroscopic examinations of the earth were carried out.
See also
Web links
- Soyuz 12 at spacefacts.de
- Soyuz 12 at space.kursknet.ru (English / Russian , archived 2016)
- Soyuz 12 in the Encyclopedia Astronautica (English)
- Soyuz 12 in the NSSDCA Master Catalog (English)