Vitaly Ivanovich Sevastyanov

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Vitaly Ivanovich Sevastyanov
Vitaly Ivanovich Sevastyanov
Country: Soviet UnionSoviet Union Soviet Union
Organization: ZKBEM
selected on 1967/27. May 1968
Calls: 2 space flights
Start of the
first space flight: 		June 1, 1970
Landing of the
last space flight: 		July 26, 1975
Time in space: 80d 16h 19min 3s
retired on December 30, 1993
Space flights

Vitaly Sevastyanov ( Russian Виталий Иванович Севастьянов ., Scientific transliteration Vitalij Ivanovič Sevast'janov * 8. July 1935 in Krasnouralsk , Sverdlovsk Oblast , RSFSR , † 5. April 2010 in Moscow ) was an engineer, a former Soviet cosmonaut and Russian politicians .

education

After Vitaly Sevastyanov had completed his studies in aeronautical engineering at the Moscow State Aviation Institute in 1959 , he was involved in the development of the Vostok spacecraft as an aircraft construction engineer in Sergei Korolev's design office. In 1964 Sevastyanov won the title of candidate in technical sciences.

Space flights

On January 31, 1967, the engineer was selected as a cosmonaut for the manned Soviet lunar program in a selection group of the "Central Design Office for Experimental Mechanical Engineering" . He was preparing for a Soviet lunar orbit planned for July 1969, when Pavel Popovich was scheduled to be in command . This program was stopped after the success of Apollo 8 .

On the first group flight of three spaceships, Sevastyanov was a substitute for Soyuz 8 and was then selected as a flight engineer for the long-term flight of Soyuz 9 .

On June 1, 1970 Sevastyanov took off with Soyuz 9 on his first space flight. It was the first night launch of manned space travel. Together with Andrijan Nikolajew , Sevastyanov set the record for the longest space flight at the time. These 17 days and 17 hours still represent the longest time spent in a space capsule (without changing to a space station). After landing, the two cosmonauts were very weak and only slowly got used to earthly gravity again. Then Sevastyanov went on several trips abroad.

As part of the Salyut program, Sevastyanov formed a team with Alexei Gubarew and Anatoly Voronow . The three were intended to replace the planned flight of Soyuz 12, with the prospect of becoming the third crew of the Salyut 1 space station with Soyuz 13. However, after the Soyuz 11 disaster on June 29, 1971, all plans were put on hold.

The next three launches from Soviet space stations failed, so that it took until 1973 until the next launch of a Soyuz spacecraft . This Soyuz 12 mission was used to test the modified spaceship, and Sevastyanov worked on the support team. He had another nomination for the support team for Soyuz 17 , the first flight to the Salyut 4 space station . On the next scheduled flight he was in the substitute team, but the start failed and had to be canceled. The name Soyuz 18-1 is used for this.

Thus Sevastyanov was nominated for the main team of Soyuz 18 . Together with his commander Pyotr Klimuk , he started on May 24, 1975 for a two-month stay on board Salyut 4, during which the Apollo-Soyuz test project also took place.

He then worked in ground control for the Salyut 6 space station and was in discussion for 1989 for a flight to the Mir space station . Since March 1990 Sevastyanov was in preparation as a flight engineer for the double crew of the spacecraft "Soyuz TM-10" (together with Viktor Michailowitsch Afanassjew ), but in June 1990, after the doctors had finished Sevastyanov, he was restricted to a short-term flight. Since it was not such a short-term mission to Me at the time, Sevastyanov was removed from preparing for the flight. The flight was canceled for financial reasons and the Mir remained unmanned for a few months from April 1989. Afanasyev later flew a long-term flight with another flight engineer.

Ultimately, Vitaly Sevastyanov was accepted into the Buran program. After working as a designer on the Buran space shuttle in the 1980s, he later trained for a flight on the Soviet space shuttle . After giving up the Buran program, Sevastyanov left the cosmonaut corps on December 30, 1993.

Awards

Sevastyanov received numerous awards from the Soviet Union:

Private

Vitaly Sevastyanov was President of the Soviet Chess Federation from 1977 to 1986 and from 1988 to 1989 . In 1986 he was made an honorary member of the world chess federation FIDE .

Sevastyanov was married and had one child.

From 1993 to 2007 he was a member of the Russian Duma .

Sevastyanov died on April 5, 2010 in Moscow after a long illness.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Виталий Иванович Севастьянов. In: Космическая энциклопедия. astronaut.ru, October 4, 2015, accessed May 12, 2016 (Russian).
  2. ↑ Honorary Members of FIDE (English)
  3. ↑ Cosmonaut Vitaly Sevastyanov, 74, dies; set two long duration space flight records. www.collectspace.com, April 14, 2010, accessed April 14, 2010 .

literature

  • Peter Stache: spaceman from A to Z . Military publishing house of the German Democratic Republic, Berlin [East] 1988, ISBN 3-327-00527-3 .

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Sevastyanov, Vitaly Ivanovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Севастьянов, Виталий Иванович (Russian spelling)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet cosmonaut, engineer, politician
DATE OF BIRTH July 8, 1935
PLACE OF BIRTH Krasnouralsk , Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
DATE OF DEATH April 5, 2010
Place of death Moscow