Andrijan Grigoryevich Nikolayev

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Andrijan Nikolayev
Andrijan Nikolayev
Country: Soviet UnionSoviet Union Soviet Union
Organization: PWO
Call sign: Сокол ( falcon )
selected on March 7, 1960
( 1st cosmonaut group )
Calls: 2 space flights
Start of the
first space flight: 		August 11, 1962
Landing of the
last space flight: 		June 19, 1970
Time in space: 21 d 15 h 20 min
retired on January 1982
Space flights

Andriyan Nikolayev ( Chuvash and Russian Андриян Григорьевич Николаев , scientific. Transliteration Andrijan Grigorjevič Nikolaev ; * 5. September 1929 in Schorschely, Chuvash ASSR ; †  3. July 2004 in Cheboksary , Chuvashia ) was a Soviet cosmonaut.

Life

Nikolayev attended a medical school, but then learned forestry in Karelia and in 1947 passed an examination as a forester . In 1950 he was drafted into the Red Army and trained as a fighter pilot until 1954. He graduated from the Air Force College and the Air Force Engineering Academy . From 1955 to 1960 he served in the units of the Air Force.

In March 1960 he was selected for space travel. With the Vostok 3 mission from August 11, 1962 to August 14, 1962, he was the third Soviet cosmonaut to fly into space after Juri Gagarin and German Stepanowitsch Titov . With Vostok 3 he circled the earth for four days with 64 orbits. He described his experiences in Moscow in front of 5,000 journalists with his colleague Pawel Romanowitsch Popowitsch , who started the Vostok 4 a day later. As a spaceship commander, he carried the callsign Sokol ( Russian Сокол for falcon ).

From 1966 he trained for manned moon flights. In 1970 he flew with Vitaly Ivanovich Sevastyanov on board Soyuz 9 and set a new long-term record for staying in weightlessness with over 17 days.

Upon their return to Earth, the cosmonauts were found to be in a considerable state of weakness, a phenomenon later known as the Nikolayev effect . It was therefore clear that suitable physical training would have to be carried out in a later space station to counteract this effect.

Marriage to Valentina Tereshkova on November 3, 1963 in Moscow

Nikolayev married Valentina Tereschkowa (* 1937) in 1963 , who was the first woman to fly into space on June 16, 1963 and later was a member of the Supreme Soviet . The marriage lasted until 1982, but it was a Khrushchev idea as a propaganda campaign. The marriage took place in Moscow. The couple was then allowed to move into a posh apartment on Kutusowski Prospect .

From July 1972 to September 1992 Nikolayev was First Deputy Director of the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center . From 1990 to 1993 he was a member of the Soviet Congress of People's Deputies . He was twice honored with the title Hero of the Soviet Union . A moon crater was named after him. He was also awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Star , among others . A vodka bottle with his portrait even came out for his 70th birthday . He died of heart failure at the age of 74 as a referee at a local sports festival in Chuvashia .

Web links

Commons : Andrijan Grigorjewitsch Nikolajew  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Photo: RIA Novosti archive, image # 611957 / Alexander Mokletsov / CC-BY-SA 3.0
  2. ↑ spacefacts.de: biography
personal data
SURNAME Nikolayev, Andrijan Grigoryevich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Andrijan Grigorjevič Nikolaev; Николаев, Андриян Григорьевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION soviet cosmonaut
DATE OF BIRTH September 5, 1929
PLACE OF BIRTH Schorschely
DATE OF DEATH July 3, 2004
Place of death Cheboksary