RKK Energija

The service module of the ISS, Zvezda , in production at RKK Energija

RKK Energia ( Russian Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П.Королёва - Raketno-Kosmitscheskaja Korporazija Energija imeni SP Koroleva ; English: SP Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia ) is the largest space company in Russia .

history

The company was founded in 1946 during the Soviet Union . It has been named after its former chief designer Sergei Pavlovich Korolev since it was partially privatized in 1994. In 2007 Roskosmos and with it the state of Russia bought back company shares. It employed around 25,000 people in the 2000s.

The company's headquarters are in Korolev, north of Moscow .

Various names have been used for this facility since its inception:

• 1946–1966: Experimental Design Office 1 (OKB-1)
• 1966–1974: Central design office for experimental mechanical engineering (ZKBEM, Russian ЦКБЭМ , English TsKBEM)
• 1974–1994: NPO Energija
• since 1994: RKK Energija

The facility was or is managed by the following directors (until 1977), general directors (1977–1994) and presidents (since 1994):

• Sergei Korolev (1946–1966)
• Wassili Mischin (1966–1974)
• Valentin Gluschko (1974–1977)
• Wachtang Wachnadze (1977–1991)
• Yuri Semenow (1991-2005)
• Nikolai Sevastyanov (2005-2007)
• Witali Lopota (2007-2014)
• Vladimir Solntsev (since 2014)

Developments and projects

RKK Energija developed and produced numerous Soviet and Russian launch systems and spacecraft, including:

• R-7 , ICB and launcher
• Sputnik 1 , the first artificial satellite
• R-9 , ICBM
• Upper level Block D for the Proton rocket and Sea Launch
• N-1 , launcher for the planned manned moon landing of the USSR
• Energija , launcher for the Buran space shuttle
• Soyuz spaceship
• Progress space freighter
• Jamal communications satellite
• DOS space stations : Salyut 1 , Salyut 4 , Salyut 6 , Salyut 7
• Basic modules for the Mir and ISS space stations (originally Mir-2 ) as well as the operation of these space stations
• Mnogozelewoi laboratorny module (module of the ISS)
• Spaceship Kliper (failed project)
• Zenit reconnaissance satellites
• interplanetary space probes like Lunik , Venera and Mars

Web links

• Homepage of RKK Energija (English / Russian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ FliegerRevue June 2010, pp. 54–59, Russia's new spaceship