July 25th
The July 25 is the 206th day of the Gregorian calendar (the 207th in leap years ); this leaves 159 days until the end of the year.
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Historic anniversaries June · July · August |
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events
Politics and world events
- 306: Constantine the Great is proclaimed Augustus by his troops in the Roman Empire .
- 1110: Matilda , the 8-year-old daughter of King Henry I of England and fiancee of Henry V , is crowned Roman-German queen in Mainz.
- 1139: After defeating the Moors in the Battle of Ourique, Alfonso I is named the first king of Portugal and thus separates from Castile .
- 1261: With the reconquest of Constantinople , which was captured by European crusaders in the Fourth Crusade in 1204, the Latin Empire is eliminated and its last emperor, Baldwin II, expelled. The Byzantine Empire , however, was restored under Michael VIII .
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- 1547: . Henry II is in the cathedral of Reims to king of France crowned.
- 1564: . Maximilian II , after the death of his father Ferdinand I emperor in the Holy Roman Empire .
- 1593: During the Eighth Huguenot War outside Paris, the French King Henry IV converted to Catholicism, which in the long term contributed to an end to the Huguenot Wars .
- 1625: Albrecht Wallenstein , Duke of Friedland , is appointed field marshal and generalissimo by the emperor and commissioned with the formation of an army.
- 1670: Emperor Leopold I expels the Jews from Leopoldstadt in Vienna ; they have to leave Austria.
- 1712: The Second Battle of Villmergen is won by the units of the Reformed towns of Bern and Zurich. The battle is considered crucial that the Swiss Confederation , the confessional parity is possible.
- 1759: During the French and Indian War, the strategically important French Fort Niagara surrenders to the British besiegers, after the relief army had been defeated by the British the day before in the battle of La Belle Famille .
- 1766: Pontiac , chief of the Ottawa , surrenders to William Johnson at Oswego , ending the Pontiac uprising that broke out in 1763 .
- 1792: The Duke of Braunschweig's manifesto is published threatening the Parisian population with the destruction of their city if they harm the French royal family.
- 1797: The British admiral Horatio Nelson loses his right arm in the battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife against the Spaniards and also has to accept the only defeat of his military career.
- 1799: At the head of the French army, Napoleon Bonaparte wins the land battle of Abukir in Egypt against an Ottoman force.
- 1814: The battle at Lundy's Lane between the British and the Americans, which was very costly for both sides, remains without a clear winner, but forces the Americans to finally withdraw from Canada in the British-American War .
- 1848: Field Marshal Graf Radetzky defeated the Piedmont-Sardinian army with his army in the battle of Custozza . Large parts of northern Italy remain in the hands of the Austrians, the Risorgimento is delayed.
- 1850: In the Battle of Idstedt , Denmark defeats the Schleswig-Holstein army and brings the Duchy of Schleswig back completely under Danish control.
- 1868: The US Congress enacts a law creating the Wyoming Territory .
- 1872: The judicial eviction of a craftsman's apartment triggers the Berlin flower street riots .
- 1894: A week later, a skirmish between Chinese and Japanese warships leads to the outbreak of the First Sino-Japanese War .
- 1909: Conscription orders to numerous reservists in Catalonia to reinforce the Spanish colonial troops in Morocco against the Rifkabylenes lead to a workers' uprising in Barcelona that is known as the Tragic Week .
- 1914: July crisis : Austria-Hungary declares the fulfillment of the ultimatum of July 23rd by Serbia “unsatisfactory”, breaks off diplomatic relations with Belgrade and orders partial mobilization.
- 1920: Pál Teleki becomes Prime Minister of Hungary.
- 1934: The Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss is murdered in a Nazi attempted coup .
- 1940: The Commander-in-Chief of the Swiss Army , General Henri Guisan , summons all senior officers to report to Rütli . As a precaution, you will receive national defense orders in the event of a feared German-Italian invasion.
- 1943: Benito Mussolini is arrested by the Italian King von Carabinieri after his release .
- 1944: Operation Cobra , the breakout of the American allies from their beachhead in Normandy, begins as part of Operation Overlord .
- 1950: In the GDR the offices in the newly created SED Central Committee are filled. Wilhelm Pieck and Otto Grotewohl remain party chairmen , but the strong man as General Secretary of the Central Committee is now Walter Ulbricht .
- 1951: The law on criminal acts against Ataturk puts the memory of the state's founder Mustafa Kemal Ataturk under criminal protection in Turkey .
- 1952: The administrative reform is carried out. For the results, see District Reforms in the GDR .
- 1957: Habib Bourguiba arranges for the Tunisian king to be deposed and proclaims the Republic of Tunisia , which he subsequently ruled as authoritarian president.
- 1977: After mediation by other Arab states, the last fighting in the Libyan-Egyptian border war is stopped. Nevertheless, there remains a deep gulf between the conservative and social revolutionary states of the Arab world over their dealings with Israel .
- 1978: The Lower Saxony state authority for the protection of the constitution has a hole blown in the Celle penal institution in order to simulate an attempted escape by the alleged RAF prisoner Sigurd Debus .
- 1984: The Federal German Minister of State Philipp Jenninger announces the granting of a loan of DM 950 million to the GDR .
- 1993: The Israeli army starts in response to rocket attacks on an Israeli village, together with the South Lebanese Army with the Operation Accountability against Hezbollah in Lebanon .
- 1994: Israel and Jordan formally end the state of war between the two countries with the Washington Declaration . The peace treaty is signed on October 26th of the same year.
- 1997: In India joins with Kocheril Raman Narayanan , a first outcaste to the Office of the President.
- 2002: Abdul Kalam becomes President of India .
- 2007: Pratibha Patil becomes the first female president in India .
business
- 1828: The Viennese magistrate permits Ignaz Bösendorfer to practice the piano-making trade. The pianos from the Bösendorfer brand subsequently achieved international renown.
- 1917: The Japanese photo technology company Nikon Corporation is founded.
- 1921: Belgium and Luxembourg sign the treaty establishing the Belgian-Luxembourg Economic Union , an economic and monetary union that comes into force in 1922.
- 1961: With the Rendsburg Canal Tunnel , a crossing under the Kiel Canal is inaugurated and then opened to traffic.
- 2001: In Germany, with the exception of fixed prices for printed matter and tobacco products, there are now no state restrictions on granting discounts or free goods . The discount law , which has been in force since 1933, and the bonus regulation are repealed.
science and technology
- 1741: The Russian captain Alexei Ilyich Tschirikow sifts through land on the southeast coast of Alaska during the second Kamchatka expedition .
- 1835: The Scot James Bowman Lindsay first publicly demonstrates electric light using an incandescent lamp in Dundee .
- 1837: The British William Fothergill Cooke and Charles Wheatstone demonstrate the electric telegraph they invented using a telegraph line running along the Euston - Camden Town rail link .
- 1909: The Frenchman Louis Blériot crosses the English Channel with his monoplane Blériot XI as the first person in an airplane .
- 1956: The French shipping company Compagnie Générale Transatlantique orders the longest passenger ship in the world to date, the France .
- 1976: The NASA space probe Viking 1 photographs a rock formation on the planet Mars , which resembles a human face, the Martian face .
- 1978: In Oldham and District General Hospital in Manchester is Louise Brown , the first test-tube baby , was born.
- 1984: During the Soyuz T-12 mission , Svetlana Evgenyevna Zavitskaya is the first woman to undertake an external space mission .
- 2002: With the opening of the high-speed line Cologne – Rhine / Main , scheduled passenger trains run for the first time in Germany at a speed of 300 km / h.
- 2014: Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan opens Turkey's first high- speed line with the fully completed Ankara – Istanbul high-speed line .
Culture
- 315: The Arch of Constantine is inaugurated in Rome .
- 1798: World premiere of the opera L'Hôtellerie portugaise by Luigi Cherubini at the Théâtre Feydeau in Paris .
- 1826: First performance of the comic opera Roland's Knappen by Heinrich Dorn in Berlin .
- 1886: Premiere of Tristan and Isolde at the Bayreuth Festival
- 1897: Jack London leaves with his brother-in-law to participate in the gold rush after the Klondike gold rush . He has no luck as a gold prospector, but his experience reports are later successful.
- 1949: Thomas Mann is awarded the Goethe Prize of the City of Frankfurt am Main .
- 1957: The Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation is established as a federal corporation under public law .
- 1976: First performance of the opera Einstein on the Beach by Philip Glass at the Avignon Festival .
- 1980: AC / DC release their sixth studio album, Back in Black . It will be the second best-selling album in the world and the most successful hard rock album to date.
- Fixed opening date of the Bayreuth Festival since 1991.
company
- 1554: Queen Mary I of England marries Philip II , who is given the title of "King of England" through the marriage contract.
religion
- 325: The first Council of Nicaea ends with the almost unanimous signature of the Confession of Nicaea . The Arian is a heretic condemned, nevertheless Christianity remains by the Arian church dispute split.
- 1205: As the successor to Adolf von Altena , who was deposed due to the Staufer-Welf throne dispute , Bruno IV von Sayn is made Archbishop of Cologne .
- 1405: The Ulm Minster , only covered by a temporary emergency roof, is consecrated.
- 1492: The current date of death of Pope Innocent VIII is correctly predicted by Girolamo Savonarola , which gives the charismatic penitential preacher further popularity in the Florentine population.
- 1968: With the encyclical Humanae vitae , Pope Paul VI affirmed . the teaching of his predecessors that every single conjugal act is only morally good if it remains open to the transmission of life .
Disasters
- 1935: 200,000 people die in a flood disaster on the Yangtze River in China .
- 1956: The Italian cruise ship Andrea Doria collides with the passenger ship Stockholm off the US coast and sinks the next day. 46 passengers are killed in the collision.
- 1969: Around 3,000 people are killed in an earthquake of unknown magnitude in Yangjiang in Guangdong Province in the People's Republic of China .
- 2000: The crash of a Concorde of Air France shortly after the start in Paris all 109 people on board and four people on the ground are killed.
Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Disaster .
Sports
- 1892: The sports club BFC Hertha is founded in Berlin in 1892 , from which Hertha BSC emerges.
- 1908: The 400-meter run of the Olympic Games in London has to be held again on the same day after the disqualification of the American John Carpenter on July 23. Since the other two Americans William Robbins and John Taylor do not compete in protest against the decision, the Briton Wyndham Halswelle is the only athlete in this "ghost race" and thus becomes Olympic champion.
- 1908: The American team consisting of William Hamilton , Nate Cartmell , John Taylor and Mel Sheppard wins the Olympic relay race ahead of the Germans Arthur Hoffmann , Hans Eicke , Otto Trieloff and Hanns Braun . John Taylor becomes the first African American Olympic champion.
- 1992: In Barcelona the XXV. Olympic Games opened. These are the only summer games in which a united team from the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States takes part under the Olympic flag .
- 1999: Lance Armstrong wins his first Tour de France , in 2012 he was subsequently disqualified for doping
Entries of track and field world records can be found under the respective discipline under track and field . Entries on football world championship games can be found in the sub-pages of football world championships . The same goes for European football championships .
Born
Before the 18th century
- 976: Thietmar von Merseburg , Bishop of Merseburg, chronicler of the Ottonians
- 1262: Arthur II , Vice Count of Limoges, Count of Montfort, Duke of Brittany and Count of Penthièvre
- 1336: Albrecht I , Duke of Bavaria-Straubing and Count of Holland
- 1373: Joan II , queen of Naples and titular queen of Jerusalem
- 1394: James I , King of Scotland
- 1398: Francesco Filelfo , Italian scholar and humanist
- 1404: Philip , Duke of Brabant and Limburg
- 1434: Jacopo da Volterra , Italian humanist
- 1473: Maddalena de 'Medici , daughter of Lorenzo the Magnificent
- 1486: Albrecht VII , Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
- 1490: Amalie von der Pfalz , Duchess of Pomerania
- 1512: Diego de Covarrubias y Leyva , Spanish church lawyer and humanist
- 1517: Jacques Peletier , French man of letters, humanist, lawyer, physician and mathematician
- 1521: Reichard , Count Palatine and Duke of Simmern
- 1537: Johann Eglof von Knöringen , Bishop of Augsburg
- 1542: Magnus Gustavsson Wasa , Swedish Prince and Duke of Östergötland
- 1564: Hans Friedrich von Drachsdorf , German administrative officer
- 1568: Georg Ridinger , German architect and builder of the late Renaissance and early Baroque periods
- 1583: Jakob Löffler , Württemberg Chancellor and Swedish Vice Chancellor
- 1604: Dorothea Diana von Salm , German nobleman
- 1642: Louis I , Prince of Monaco
- 1654: Agostino Steffani , Italian composer and bishop
- 1657: Philipp Heinrich Erlebach , German baroque composer
- 1673: Santiago de Murcia , Spanish guitarist, composer and music theorist
- 1675: James Thornhill , British painter
- 1684: Balthasar von Ahlefeldt , lord of the noble estates of Lindau and Neudorf as well as lieutenant general and commander of Glückstadt
- 1690: Ferdinand von Plettenberg , Prime Minister of the Electorate of Cologne, Chamberlain and Hereditary Marshal of Elector Clemens August of Bavaria
- 1691: Johannes Kohlhaas the Elder , German organ builder
18th century
- 1715: Jakob Immanuel Pyra , German poet
- 1725: Bernhard Rode , German painter
- 1734: Ueda Akinari , Japanese writer
- 1740: Ignaz Cornova , Italian priest, historian, educator and poet
- 1744: Heinrich August Typke , German Protestant theologian
- 1746: Maria Francisca Benedita of Portugal , Infanta of Portugal and Brazil and Princess of Beira
- 1747: José da Costa e Silva , Portuguese architect
- 1750: Henry Knox , American general
- 1753: Santiago de Liniers , French officer in the Spanish service, viceroy of the Rio de la Plata
- 1756: Elizabeth Hamilton , British poet, writer and satirist
- 1757: Hans Jakob von Auerswald , Prussian general landscape president
- 1758: Louise Weyland , Bavarian court counselor and educator of the children of King Maximilian I Joseph
- 1761: Charlotte von Kalb , German writer
- 1761: Karl Friedrich Stäudlin , German Protestant theologian
- 1768: William George Browne , English traveler to Africa and Asia
- 1771: Johann Georg Bürgy , German organ builder
- 1775: Anna Harrison , First Lady of the United States
- 1780: Christian Theodor Weinlig , German music teacher and composer
- 1781: Laurent-Théodore Biett , Swiss-French medic
- 1783: Caesar Max Heigel , German actor and writer
- 1785: Reinhard Christian Wilhelm Aurelius Steimmig , German medic
- 1787: Karl Ludwig Randhan , German medic
- 1794: Nikolai Nikolajewitsch Muravjow , Russian general
- 1794: Amalie Sieveking , co-founder of organized diakonia in Germany
- 1797: Auguste von Hessen , Duchess of Cambridge, Viceroy of Hanover
- 1798: Albert Knapp , German poet
- 1800: Heinrich Göppert , German botanist, paleontologist and professor
19th century
1801-1850
- 1804: Emilie von Gleichen-Rußwurm , daughter of Schiller
- 1810: Georg Eduard Steitz , German Protestant theologian and historian
- 1812: Robert Christian Avé-Lallemant , German doctor and explorer
- 1817: Heinrich Gottfried Philipp Gengler , German legal historian, privy councilor and university professor
- 1818: Albert Abdullah David Sassoon , British-Indian merchant
- 1818: Johann Jakob von Tschudi , Swiss natural scientist
- 1819: Louis Deffès , French composer and music teacher
- 1829: Elizabeth Siddal , English painter and poet
- 1835: Lucie von Hanstein , German writer
- 1839: Francis Garnier , French explorer
- 1839: Emil Usteri , Swiss Jesuit and university professor in India
- 1841: Nélie Jacquemart , French painter
- 1844: Thomas Eakins , American painter
- 1845: Victor Haderup , Danish dentist
- 1847: Paul Langerhans , German pathologist (Langerhans islands)
- 1848: Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour , British politician, foreign and prime minister
- 1848: Ottokar Kernstock , Austrian poet
1851-1900
- 1852: Pauline von Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach , Hereditary Grand Duchess of Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach
- 1855: Edward Solomon , British composer and conductor
- 1860: Luise Margareta von Prussia , Prussian princess, member of the British royal family, Duchess of Connaught
- 1865: Jac. P. Thijsse , Dutch conservationist
- 1866: Wilhelm Holle , German administrative lawyer and politician, Lord Mayor of Essen
- 1867: Max Dauthendey , German painter and poet
- 1869: Platon Kulbusch , Russian Orthodox Bishop of Riga and martyr
- 1869: Henryk Melcer-Szczawiński , Polish pianist, conductor, composer and music teacher
- 1869: Carl Miele , German designer and industrialist
- 1871: Anna Charlier , fiancee of the expedition member Nils Strindberg
- 1873: Anne Tracy Morgan , US millionaire heiress and philanthropist
- 1873: Reinhard Mumm , German theologian and politician
- 1874: Luise Heilborn-Körbitz , German screenwriter
- 1874: Sergei Wassiljewitsch Lebedew , Russian chemist
- 1875: Paul Graetz , German officer, first traverser of Africa in an automobile
- 1876: Elisabeth Gabriele in Bavaria , Queen of Belgium
- 1879: Fritz Steuri , Swiss mountain guide and skier
- 1883: Alfredo Casella , Italian conductor, pianist and composer
- 1884: Martin Davey , American politician
- 1884: Ludowika Jakobsson , German-Finnish figure skater
- 1884: Gottlob Karl von Nathusius , German ornithologist
- 1886: Bror von Blixen-Finecke , Swedish big game hunter
- 1886: Edward Cummins , American golfer
- 1888: Giacomo Acerbo , Italian politician
- 1891: Gertrud Kornfeld , German chemist
- 1891: Donald McKinlay , Scottish football player
- 1893: Wilhelm Cleven , auxiliary bishop of Cologne
- 1893: Dorothy Dickson , British actress
- 1894: Walter Brennan , American actor and singer
- 1894: Gavrilo Princip , Bosnian-Serb nationalist
- 1895: Rudolph Arbesmann , American classical philologist
- 1895: Anna Klöcker , German women's rights activist, politician and MdL
- 1896: Rosie Newman , British amateur filmmaker
- 1896: Josephine Tey , British crime writer
- 1897: Hermann Ambrosius , German composer and music teacher
- 1898: Arthur Lubin , American film director
- 1898: Hildegard Tauscher , German rhythmist
- 1899: Henry Holst , Danish violinist and music teacher
- 1900: Enrique Amorim , Uruguayan writer
- 1900: Ishizaka Yōjirō , Japanese writer
20th century
1901-1925
- 1901: Ruth Krauss , American children's author
- 1901: Lila Lee , American actress
- 1902: Hans Helfritz , German composer, musicologist and writer
- 1902: Eric Hoffer , American philosopher
- 1903: André Fleury , French composer and pianist, organist and music teacher
- 1903: Katharina Staritz , German Protestant theologian
- 1905: Elias Canetti , Bulgarian-British-Swiss writer in the German language, Nobel Prize winner
- 1905: Georges Grignard , French racing car driver
- 1906: Johnny Hodges , American musician
- 1907: Karl Höller , German composer
- 1907: Roland Leduc , Canadian cellist, conductor and music teacher
- 1910: Jimmy Jackson , American racing car driver
- 1911: Len Duncan , American racing car driver
- 1914: Erhard Theodor Astler , German painter, graphic artist and draftsman
- 1915: Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. , American pilot, brother of John F. Kennedy
- 1917: Fritz Honegger , Swiss politician and Federal Councilor
- 1918: Joseph Rovan , Franco-German historian
- 1918: Franz Wegart , Austrian politician
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- 1920: Rosalind Franklin , British biochemist and specialist in X-ray structure analysis
- 1921: Magdalene Schauß-Flake , German composer
- 1921: Paul Watzlawick , Austrian psychotherapist and author
- 1922: John B. Goodenough , American physicist, Nobel Prize winner
- 1922: Elisa Soteldo , Venezuelan singer, pianist and music teacher
- 1923: Estelle Getty , American actress
- 1923: Maria Gripe , Swedish writer
- 1925: Charmion King , Canadian film and stage actress
- 1925: Helmut Schlüter , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
1926-1950
- 1926: Monique Pelletier , French politician
- 1926: Okuno Takeo , Japanese literary critic
- 1927: Abdelaziz Ben Tifour , French-Algerian football player
- 1927: Arminio Rothstein , Austrian artist, teacher and clown
- 1928: Biagio Agnes , Italian journalist
- 1929: Al Adamson , American director and film producer
- 1929: Wassili Makarowitsch Schukschin , Russian writer, director and actor
- 1930: Annie Ross , British singer and actress
- 1931: Peter Armbruster , German physicist
- 1931: Alfred Bellebaum , German sociologist and happiness researcher
- 1932: Tim Parnell , British racing car driver and racing team owner
- 1932: Paul J. Weitz , American astronaut
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- 1932: Jürgen Wittdorf , German painter and graphic artist
- 1933: Georgi Atanasov , Bulgarian politician
- 1934: Don Ellis , American jazz trumpeter and band leader
- 1935: Barbara Harris , American actress
- 1935: Adnan Khashoggi , Saudi Arabian entrepreneur and arms dealer
- 1936: Gerry Ashmore , British racing car driver
- 1936: Glenn Murcutt , Australian architect
- 1937; Todd Armstrong , American actor
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- 1937: Colin Renfrew , British archaeologist
- 1939: John Gunn , American racing car driver
- 1941: Frank Böckelmann , German writer and sociologist
- 1941: Peter Suschitzky , Polish-British cameraman
- 1942: J. Brian Atwood , American government official and university professor
- 1942: Manfried Rauchsteiner , Austrian military historian
- 1943: Jim McCarty , British musician
- 1943: Erika Steinbach , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
- 1946: Ljupka Dimitrovska , Yugoslav or Croatian-Macedonian pop singer
- 1946: Rita Marley , Jamaican-Cuban reggae musician
- 1947: Adolfo Rodríguez Saá , Argentine politician, President
- 1950: Gerold Amelung , German diplomat
- 1950: Manfred Kuschmann , German athlete
1951-1975
- 1951: Verdine White , American musician
- 1952: Hans-Robert Metelmann , German surgeon and politician
- 1953: Santiago Ziesmer , German voice actor
- 1954: Walter Payton , American football player
- 1954: Jürgen Trittin , German politician
- 1955: Iman Abdulmajid , Somali model and actress
- 1955: Tom McCamus , Canadian actor
- 1956: Frances H. Arnold , American biochemist and chemical engineer
- 1956: Patrick de Radiguès , Belgian racing car driver and sailor
- 1957: Daniel W. Bursch , American astronaut
- 1957: Bogdan Musiol , German bobsleigh athlete
- 1957: Steve Podborski , Canadian ski racer
- 1958: Alexei Filippenko , American astrophysicist and professor
- 1958: Karlheinz Förster , German soccer player
- 1958: Thurston Moore , American musician
- 1960: Alain Robidoux , Canadian snooker player
- 1961: Franz Engstler , German racing driver
- 1961: Katherine Kelly Lang , American actress
- 1963: Julian Hodgson , British chess player
- 1963: Timothy Peach , British-German actor
- 1964: Anne Applebaum , Polish-American historian
- 1964: Sharif Sheikh Ahmed , Somali politician
- 1964: Doug Marrone , American football player and coach
- 1965: Illeana Douglas , American actress
- 1965: Ina Müller , German music cabaret artist, book author and television presenter
- 1967: Magdalena Forsberg , Swedish biathlete
- 1967: Matt LeBlanc , American actor
- 1967: Annette Pehnt , German writer
- 1968: Anders Bäckegren , Swedish handball player
- 1968: Michael Karen , German director
- 1969: Alexander Falk , German entrepreneur
- 1969: Mike Hezemans , Dutch racing car driver
- 1969: Carsten Wolters , German soccer player
- 1970: Vladimir Belli , Italian cyclist
- 1970: Brian Blade , American jazz drummer and composer
- 1970: Holger Löhr , German handball player and coach
- 1971: Thomas Koch , German actor
- 1972: Artyom Yuryevich Kopot , Russian ice hockey player
- 1973: Roberto Guerra , Swiss actor
- 1973: Christian Hjermind , Danish handball player
- 1973: Kevin Phillips , English soccer player
- 1973: Kenny Roberts junior , American motorcycle racer
- 1973: Igli Tare , Albanian football player
- 1973: Tony Vincent , American musical singer
- 1973: Mike Wainwright , British businessman and racing car driver
- 1973: Michael C. Williams , American actor
- 1975: Jean-Claude Darcheville , French football player
- 1975: Mario Krassnitzer , Austrian footballer
- 1975: Linda Zervakis , German-Greek television presenter and news anchor
1976-2000
- 1976: Tera Patrick , American model
- 1976: Stéphane Rideau , French actor
- 1978: Louise Joy Brown , British office worker, world's first test tube baby
- 1979: Allister Carter , English snooker player
- 1979: Stefanie Hertel , German pop singer
- 1979: Ariane Hingst , German soccer player
- 1980: Cha Du-ri , South Korean soccer player
- 1980: Diam’s , French rapper
- 1981: Noel Baxter , British ski racer
- 1981: Juho Hänninen , Finnish rally driver
- 1982: Brad Renfro , American actor
- 1983: Olga Igorewna Schitowa , Russian volleyball player, world champion
- 1985: Kirsten McGarry , Irish ski racer and ski crosser
- 1985: Nelson Piquet junior , Brazilian racing driver
- 1986: Robert Dietrich , German-Kazakh ice hockey player
- 1986: Barbara Meier , German photo model and mannequin
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- 1986: Hulk , Brazilian soccer player
- 1987: Michael Welch , American actor
- 1988: Mailen Auroux , Argentinian tennis player
- 1988: Yonny Hernández , Colombian motorcycle racer
- 1988: Paulinho , Brazilian soccer player
- 1989: Melda Akcan , German Taekwondoin
- 1989: César Ramos , Brazilian racing driver
- 1990: Michel Abt , German handball player
- 1990: Shalin-Tanita Rogall , German actress
- 1991: Carmen José , Spanish artist
- 1991: Amanda Kurtović , Norwegian handball player
- 1993: Marco Aulbach , German soccer player
- 1993: Fedor Holz , German poker player and entrepreneur
- 1994: Jordan Lukaku , Belgian soccer player
- 1996: Filippo Ganna , Italian racing cyclist
Died
William de Marisco is dragged to death; Depiction from the Chronica Majora by Matthew Paris
Before the 16th century
- 408: Olympias of Constantinople , deaconess and abbess
- 1011: Ichijō , 66th Emperor of Japan
- 1034: Constanze of Provence , Queen of France
- 1173: Matthew of Alsace , Count of Boulogne
- 1185: Arducius de Faucigny , Bishop of Geneva
- 1190: Sibylle , Queen of Jerusalem
- 1195: Herrad von Landsberg , German abbess and writer
- 1201: Gruffydd ap Rhys , Prince of Deheubarth
- 1242: William de Marisco , Anglo-Norman nobleman and outlaw
- 1247: Henry III. , Count of Tecklenburg, Count of Vechta-Vlotho and Vogt of Metelen
- 1250: Humbert V , Lord of Beaujeu and Connétable of France
- 1344: Nikolaus von Frauenfeld , Bishop of Constance
- 1349: Isabel de Verdon , English nobleman
- 1365: Friedrich I , Count of Weimar-Orlamünde
- 1368: Agnes Mortimer , English nobleman
- 1373: Magnus II , Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg
- 1379: Gottfried von der Linde , Marshal of the Teutonic Order
- 1386: Nikolaus von Gara , Palatine of Hungary, advisor to Ludwig I and close confidante of Queen Elisabeth of Bosnia
- 1391: Jean III. , Count of Armagnac and Rodez
- 1409: Martin I , King of Sicily
- 1452: Robert Willoughby, 6th Baron Willoughby de Eresby , English military man
- 1471: Thomas von Kempen , German Augustinian monk and mystic
- 1472: Gaston IV. , Count of Foix and Bigorre, Vice Count of Narbonne, Béarn, Marsan, and Castelbon as well as co-lord of Andorra
- 1472: Johann III. , Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken
- 1482: Wilhelm I , Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and Prince of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
- 1492: Innocent VIII , Pope from 1484 to 1492
16th to 18th century
Ferdinand I († 1564)
Bernard de Nogaret de La Valette († 1661)
Friedrich Freiherr von der Trenck († 1794)
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- 1560: Nikolaus Bardewik , mayor of Lübeck
- 1564: Ferdinand I , Holy Roman Emperor and King of Bohemia and Hungary
- 1583: Rodolfo Acquaviva , Italian Jesuit and missionary
- 1583: Johannes Schildberger , mayor of the Bavarian city of Dinkelsbühl
- 1616: Andreas Libavius , German polymath
- 1640: Francisco Laso de la Vega , Spanish officer and governor of Chile
- 1651: Gottfried Cundisius , German Lutheran theologian
- 1652: Bonaventura Peeters , Flemish painter, draftsman, etcher and poet
- 1660: Johann Praetorius , German composer and organist
- 1661: Bernard de Nogaret de La Valette d'Épernon , French general
- 1676: François Hédelin , French writer
- 1679: Johann Sebastian Mitternacht , German theologian, rhetorician, pedagogue, playwright and baroque poet
- 1696: Clamor Heinrich Abel , German composer, violonist and organist
- 1710: Gottfried Kirch , German astronomer and calendar maker
- 1715: Franz II. Joseph of Lorraine , prince abbot of the monasteries of Stablo and Malmedy
- 1722: Claude Antoine Couplet , French engineer
- 1728: Friedrich Wilhelm Bierling , German Lutheran theologian and critical historian
- 1731: Michael Grass the Younger , German law scholar and university professor
- 1736: Jean-Baptiste Pater , French painter
- 1745: Pierre Alexis Delamair , French architect
- 1751: Johann Friedrich Lampe , German-British composer and bassoonist
- 1790: Johann Bernhard Basedow , German educator and writer
- 1794: André Chénier , French writer
- 1794: Friedrich Freiherr von der Trenck , Prussian officer and adventurer
19th century
1801-1850
Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal († 1802)
Gottfried Christoph Härtel († 1827)
Samuel Taylor Coleridge († 1834)
Louis Bonaparte († 1846)
- 1802: Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal , Archbishop of Mainz
- 1806: Justus Arnemann , German medical professor and surgeon
- 1806: Friedrich Gustav Arvelius , Estonian-German Baltic writer and educator
- 1822: Ignác Cornova , Italian priest, historian, educator and poet
- 1826: Mikhail Pavlovich Bestuschew-Ryumin , Russian revolutionary and leader of the Decembrist uprising
- 1826: Kondrati Fjodorowitsch Rylejew , Russian poet
- 1827: Gottfried Christoph Härtel , German music publisher
- 1834: Samuel Taylor Coleridge , English romantic poet, critic and philosopher
- 1837: Rudolf Rebmann , Swiss farmer and politician
- 1842: Dominique Jean Larrey , French doctor
- 1843: Karl Friedrich von Rumohr , German art historian, writer and gastrosoph
- 1846: Louis Bonaparte , brother of Napoleon and father of Napoleon III.
- 1847: Johann Gottfried Rohlfs , German organ builder
1851-1900
Joaquin Murrieta († 1853)
Marie Blanc († 1881)
John Taylor († 1887)
Niklaus Riggenbach († 1899)
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- 1853: Joaquín Murrieta , Mexican gunslinger
- 1853: Johann Joachim Wachsmann , German choir conductor and composer
- 1859: Adolf von Steiger , Swiss politician
- 1861: Jonas Furrer , Swiss politician, Federal Councilor, first Federal President
- 1863: El Pípila , Mexican miner and national hero
- 1866: Claude Paris , French composer
- 1875: Joseph-Maurice Exelmans , French admiral
- 1875: Johann Peter Romang , Swiss clergyman, theologian and university professor
- 1881: Marie Blanc , Franco-German casino director and philanthropist
- 1881: Karl Christian Bruhns , German astronomer
- 1882: Abel Burckhardt , Swiss pastor and composer
- 1885: Ernst Laas , German educator and philosopher
- 1885: Lorenzo Nina , Italian Roman Catholic clergyman, cardinal Vatican secretary of state and cardinal
- 1886: Carl Ehrich , German teacher and cantor
- 1887: John Taylor , President of Latter-day Saint Church of Jesus Christ
- 1893: Paul d'Abrest , Bohemian writer
- 1894: Charles Romley Alder Wright , English chemist
- 1899: Niklaus Riggenbach , Swiss railway pioneer, inventor of the rack railway
- 1900: Rafael Jácome de Andrade , Portuguese officer and colonial administrator
20th century
1901-1950
Moina Mathers († 1928)
Engelbert Dollfuß († 1934)
Jakob von Uexküll († 1944)
Kurt Gerstein († 1945)
- 1903: Prosper Mathieu Henry , French optician and astronomer
- 1915: Peäro August Pitka , Estonian writer
- 1919: Friedrich Grützmacher , German cellist
- 1927: Cardinal Ján Černoch , Hungarian clergyman, Archbishop of Esztergom
- 1928: Wiktor Barabasz , Polish pianist, conductor and music teacher
- 1928: Moina Mathers , British artist and occultist
- 1928: Jane Sutherland , Australian landscape painter
- 1929: Matti Aikio , Norwegian poet
- 1930: Emil Claar , German actor, writer and director
- 1933: Gustav Embden , German biochemist
- 1934: Engelbert Dollfuß , Austrian politician, Federal Minister, Chancellor and dictator, co-founder of Austrofascism
- 1936: Heinrich Rickert , German philosopher and university professor
- 1944: Jakob Johann von Uexküll , German biologist and philosopher
- 1945: Maria Bonardi , Italian nun and founder
- 1945: Kurt Gerstein , German member of the hygiene institute of the Waffen-SS
- 1946: Narcissus Ach , German psychologist and university professor
- 1947: Alexandre Denéréaz , Swiss composer
- 1949: Benedikt Kreutz , second president of the DCV
- 1950: Elisabeth Langgässer , German writer
1951-2000
Helene Weber († 1962)
Otto Dix († 1969)
Vladimir Vysotsky († 1980)
Charlie Rich († 1995)
- 1953: Johann Ohde , German civil engineer
- 1955: Isaak Dunajewski , Ukrainian musician and composer
- 1955: Ilmari Hannikainen , Finnish composer
- 1956: Franz Xaver Seppelt , German church historian
- 1959: Wolf Hirth , German glider pioneer
- 1962: Christie MacDonald , American singer
- 1962: Helene Weber , German politician, MdR, MdL, MdB, women's rights activist, one of the four "mothers of the Basic Law"
- 1964: Piero Frescobaldi , Italian racing car driver
- 1966: Francis Edward Faragoh , American screenwriter
- 1966: Franz Xaver Meitinger , German politician
- 1967: Joseph Cardinal Cardijn , Belgian clergyman, founder of the international Christian working-class youth
- 1968: Friedrich Burmeister , German politician in the GDR
- 1969: Otto Dix , German painter and graphic artist
- 1969: Witold Gombrowicz , Polish writer
- 1969: Douglas Moore , American composer
- 1970: Johann Andres , Austrian football player
- 1971: René Cotton , French skier, racing car driver and motorsport manager
- 1971: Leroy Robertson , American composer
- 1972: Thomas Andresen , German politician, Member of the State Parliament and State Minister
- 1973: Louis Saint-Laurent , Canadian politician
- 1979: Eric Pohlmann , Austro-British actor and voice actor
- 1980: Juliane Plambeck , German RAF terrorist
- 1980: Wilhelm Reitz , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
- 1980: Vladimir Vysotsky , Russian actor, poet and singer
- 1981: Conrad Fink , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
- 1982: Hal Foster , American comic book writer and artist
- 1982: Gabriele Tergit , German journalist and writer
- 1983: Jerome Moross , American composer and conductor
- 1984: Uladsimir Karatkewitsch , Belarusian writer, poet and translator
- 1984: Big Mama Thornton , American singer
- 1985: Willie Perryman , American blues pianist and singer
- 1985: Adolf Ziegler , German actor
- 1986: Vincente Minnelli , American director
- 1987: Charles Stark Draper , American engineer
- 1988: Judith Barsi , American actress
- 1989: Steve Rubell , founder of the Studio 54 discotheque
- 1990: Alfredo Piàn , Argentine racing car driver
- 1992: Kurt Lütgen , German writer
- 1992: Konrad Naumann , member of the Politburo of the Central Committee in the GDR
- 1992: Gary Windo , British saxophonist
- 1993: Hedwig Jochmus , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
- 1993: Vincent Joseph Schaefer , American chemist and meteorologist
- 1995: Osvaldo Pugliese , Argentine musician
- 1995: Charlie Rich , American country singer
- 1997: Ben Hogan , American golfer
- 1998: Ludwig Acker , German chemist and food chemist
- 1998: Tal Farlow , American jazz musician
- 1999: Alexander Abian , American mathematician
- 2000: Rudi Faßnacht , German soccer player and coach
- 2000: Charlotte Schreiber-Just , German actress and radio play speaker
21st century
Johannes Joachim Degenhardt († 2002)
Ludwig Bölkow († 2003)
Albert Mangelsdorff († 2005)
Bernd Jakubowski († 2007)
- 2001: Phoolan Devi , Indian gang leader and politician
- 2001: Josef Klaus , Austrian politician, Governor of Salzburg, Federal Minister, Federal Chancellor
- 2001: Lorenz Niegel , German engineer and politician, Member of the Bundestag
- 2002: Johannes Joachim Degenhardt , German clergyman, Archbishop of Paderborn, cardinal
- 2002: Rudiger Dornbusch , German-American economist
- 2002: Tilemann Grimm , German sinologist
- 2003: Ludwig Bölkow , German engineer and entrepreneur
- 2003: John Schlesinger , British director
- 2005: Albert Mangelsdorff , German jazz musician
- 2005: Ford Rainey , American actor
- 2005: Henry F. Sherwood , German-American IT pioneer
- 2006: Carl Maxie Brashear , American diver
- 2006: Karin Hübner , German actress
- 2007: Bjørn Egge , Norwegian major general and resistance fighter
- 2007: Bernd Jakubowski , German soccer player
- 2008: Lotte Betke , German theater actress and author
- 2008: Hiram Bullock , American jazz guitarist
- 2008: Johnny Griffin , American jazz saxophonist
- 2008: Randy Pausch , American computer scientist
- 2011: Michael Cacoyannis , Greek film director
- 2012: Karl-Hans Arndt , German doctor, surgeon and sports medicine specialist
- 2012: Willi Scheidhauer , German motorcycle racer and entrepreneur
- 2013: León Ferrari , Argentine artist
- 2013: Franz Hesse , German Protestant Reformed theologian and university professor
- 2013: Bernadette Lafont , French actress
Bernadette Lafont († 2013)
Peter Green († 2020)
- 2014: Pedro Luís António , Angolan bishop
- 2015: Dieter Kühn , German writer
- 2017: Gretel Bergmann , German-American athlete
- 2016: Halil İnalcık , Turkish historian
- 2016: Tim LaHaye , American preacher and author
- 2017: Barbara Sinatra , American model and showgirl
- 2018: Sergio Marchionne , Italian-Canadian manager
- 2019: Beji Caid Essebsi , Tunisian politician, President
- 2019: Jesper Juul , Danish family therapist
- 2020: Peter Green , British guitarist and singer
Holidays and memorial days
- Church memorial days
- St. James the Elder , apostle, martyr and patron saint (Protestant, Catholic)
- Thomas von Kempen , prior in St. Agnetenberg and priest (Protestant, Catholic: beatification process not yet completed)
- St. Christopher , patron saint (Catholic (outside Europe))
- Name days
- State holidays and memorial days
- Tunisia , Declaration of the Republic (1957)
The list of days of remembrance and action contains further entries .
Commons : July 25th - Collection of images, videos and audio files
