Photo technology
The collective term photographic technique or photographic technique all non-artistic devices, methods and processes are referred to in the photography and in film technology and video technology used; the photo technology is today largely on the developments of the photo industry and the film industry dominated and less of outstanding individual pioneers of photography equipment . The term photo technology complements the neighboring field of photo practice, which deals with the application of photo technology, as well as photo theory ( theory of photography ), the subject of which is the theoretical fundamentals (e.g. photo aesthetics ). Photo art, on the other hand, uses photo technology and photo aesthetics to create an artistic object.
Processes and procedures
Photo technology includes the following areas in the process of creating, editing, storing and presenting a photographic image:
Create
The photo technology includes all technical equipment to create the photographic picture as
- photographic apparatus ; see list of important photo camera manufacturers ,
- Lenses ( interchangeable lenses ),
- Aids (photographic accessories), e.g. B. tripods , filters , flash units
as well as their function and properties (e.g. light intensity , focal length and angle of view of a lens or aperture and shutter of a camera).
This also includes
- Camera systems and the associated components (e.g. system camera ),
- Photo studio technology, e.g. B. Flash systems and other lighting devices, brighteners, backgrounds, etc.,
- the exposure metering whose physical principles and laws (see Exposure ) and the equipment used for it.
Record
Photo technology also includes the light-sensitive recording medium (e.g. films for analog cameras or CMOS / CCD sensors and memory cards for digital cameras ).
To process
In analog photography , processing primarily relates to the image that is not yet lightfast.
The phototechnical aspects of processing the photographic image include
- general photo laboratory technology ( development (photography) ) as well as
- the processing of films during film development in the photo laboratory or in the darkroom and
- and the making of prints (prints) , contact copies or enlargements
- Photomechanical reproduction processes , such as the halftoning ( halftone process ) for the production of stereotypes to continuous tone for letterpress printing ( high pressure ).
such as
- in the case of digital cameras, the transfer from the storage medium to a computer .
To edit
A marginal aspect of photo technology is image processing , the focus of which, however, is more in the area of photo practice; Image processing refers to the finished, light-resistant fixed image. The processing includes digital imaging techniques as well as classic methods such as lightening , viraging , coloring , retouching , etc.
Archiving
The light-resistant image is stored in archive systems (e.g. archive cabinets) and made retrievable using technical archiving aids such as image databases . Archive cabinets, slide and negative covers, etc. belong to photo technology, but information retrieval is more a part of photo practice in the broader sense.
Present
Finally, the technical aids for the presentation of the photographic images for photo technology , z. B. slide projector or video projector for a slide show as well as picture frames and passe-partouts for an exhibition in a photo gallery . In a broader sense, the presentation also includes the creation of a publication (e.g. illustrated book). Here, too, there are numerous overlaps with photo practice, which deals with how a slide show should be structured dramatically. With regard to exhibitions, see also exhibition and museum didactics .
See also
literature
- Jost J. Marchesi: Handbook of Photography
- Volume 1: History, chemical and optical basics , 304 pages, Verlag Photographie, Gilching, 1993, ISBN 3-933131-18-9
- Volume 2: Sensitometry, photographic system errors, negative technique, positive technique, light-sensitive layers ... , 288 pages. Verlag Photographie, Gilching, 1995, ISBN 3-933131-19-7
- Volume 3: The technology of color photography , 303 pages, Verlag Photographie, Gilching, 1998, ISBN 3-933131-20-0
Web links
- http://www.photab.de - Knowledge portal all about digital SLR photography
- http://www.traumflieger.de - video tutorials, photo technology, information, lens tests