Pratibha Patil

Pratibha Patil (2012)

Pratibha Devisingh Patil ( Marathi : प्रतिभा पाटील, Pratibhā Pāṭīl ; born December 19, 1934 in Nadgaon , Maharashtra , India ) is an Indian lawyer and politician .

From 1962 to 1985 she was a member of the parliament (Legislative Assembly) of the Indian state of Maharashtra for the district of Jalgaon . Between 1986 and 1988 she was the deputy chairperson of the Rajya Sabha . From 1991 to 1996 she represented Amravati in the Lok Sabha . As governor of Rajasthan , she was the first woman to hold office in the state. Patil was elected on July 19, 2007 as a candidate of the Indian National Congress (Congress Party), the nationwide ruling United Progressive Alliance under Sonia Gandhi and the Left Front (including Jyoti Basu ; Left Front) as the first woman to be elected to the presidency of the Republic of India . She held this office until July 2012 after she had previously waived a new candidacy.

Origin, school

Pratibha, daughter of Narayan Rao, went to MJ College in Jalgaon . She completed an MA and earned a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) from Government Law College in Mumbai . As a student, she was also known as an excellent table tennis player. In 1962 Pratibha Patil was elected "College Queen" of Mooljee Jaitha College in Jalgaon (MJ). In the same year she won her first mandate for the constituency of Jalgaon as a candidate for the Congress Party.

In 1965 she married Devisingh Ransingh Shekhawat , whose surname, however, out of consideration for her political ambitions in India. They have a daughter Jyoti Rathore and a son Rajendra Singh together. Together with her husband, she founded an educational institute, Vidya Bharati Shikshan Prasarak Mandal, which runs a number of schools and colleges in Jalgaon and Mumbai. She also founded a number of hostels for women workers in New Delhi and Mumbai, an agricultural college and a sugar factory in Jalgaon. She was also involved in setting up an industrial school for the visually impaired and running a school for poor children in the Vimkuta Jematis area .

Political development

Pratibha Patil has been politically active since 1962. She worked under the former Congress Party leader and former Yashwantrao Chavan . After re-election in 1967, she was deputy minister of education in the government of Vasantrao Naik and from 1972-1988 a full member of the cabinet. In successive Congress governments she was responsible for tourism, women and social affairs ( Chief Ministers at that time were Vasantdada Patil , Babasaheb Bhosale , Shankarrao Bhaurao Chavan and Sharad Pawar ). In 1985 she left this parliament because she was drawn up for the Rajya Sabha (federal level).

So far, she has not lost an election for which she was nominated.

After 19 months of emergency government, the Congress party split in 1977 after the defeat of Indira Gandhi ( Indian Emergency (1975-1977) ). Although many of her companions changed factions, Pratibha stayed with Indira. At the time, this appeared to many to be a political mistake. This loyalty to the Nehru Gandhi family was always fondly remembered by Rajiv Gandhi and Sonia Gandhi . She protested against the arrest of Indira Gandhi in December 1977 and was detained for ten days. In 1978 she became the opposition leader in the state parliament. In 1980, when the Congress party was victorious again, it was not they who became Chief Minister but Abdul Rehman Antulay , who soon after had to resign over allegations of corruption. She then became a minister in the government of Vasantdada Patil . After arguments between Patil and the later chairman of the Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee (MPCC) Prabha Rau , Rajiv Gandhi appointed her MPCC chairman. She held this office from 1988 to 1990.

After she was re-elected to the Rajya Sabha in 1985 , she became vice president there until 1988. Her mandate ended in April 1990. The following year, after the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi , she was elected to the House of Commons (Lok Sabha) after winning the seat in Amravati . In Amravati her husband had once been mayor.

She was also director of the National Federation of Urban Co-operative Banks & Credit Societies and a member of the Governing Council of the National Co-operative Union of India.

She was appointed governor of Rajasthan in November 2004. Pratibha Patil resigned from office on June 21, 2007 because of her presidential candidacy.

Previous positions

period	Position (English name, authority)
1967-1972	Deputy Minister, Public Health, Prohibition, Tourism, Housing & Parliamentary Affairs in the Government of Maharashtra
1972-1974	Cabinet Minister, Social Welfare in the Government of Maharashtra
1974-1975	Cabinet Minister, Public Health & Social Welfare in the Maharashtra Government
1975-1976	Cabinet Minister, Prohibition, Rehabilitation and Cultural Affairs in the Government of Maharashtra
1977-1988	Cabinet Minister, Education in the Government of Maharashtra
July 1979 to February 1980	Opposition Leader, CDP (I), Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
1982-1985	Cabinet Minister, Urban Development and Housing in the Maharashtra Government
1983-1985	Cabinet Minister, Civil Supplies and Social Welfare in the Government of Maharashtra
November 18, 1986 to November 5, 1988	Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha
1986-1988	Chair, Committee of Privileges, Rajya Sabha ; Member of the Business Advisory Committee, Rajya Sabha
1991-1996	Chair, House Committee, Lok Sabha
November 8, 2004 to June 23, 2007 (resigned)	Governor of Rajasthan
2007–2012	President of the Republic of India

To explain the offices: While the Union territories are administered by the central government in New Delhi, each state has its own parliament and its own government. The government of a federal state is headed by the chief minister , who is formally subordinate to a governor appointed by the Indian president with largely representative tasks (the latter is only assigned the business of government if the President's rule is applied (see also the political system of India ).). In Germany there is no corresponding office at the state level (it would be the Federal President of the respective federal state, so to speak). While the governor is the head of the state, his role is largely ceremonial. Furthermore, the governor is qua office president of all universities in his federal state (chancellor), so that the presidents who actually act as such all call themselves "vice-chancellors".

A chief minister in India is the elected head of government of a state and holds most of the executive power. He or she is elected by a majority in each parliament. In Germany this corresponds to the office of the Prime Minister . The regular term of office is five years with the possibility of re-election. There are a total of 30 chief ministers in all 28 states and in two of the seven Union territories.

Election campaign, reviews, results

On various occasions, accusations have been made against her that the company conglomerate for which she is responsible has favored relatives in an illegal manner.

The regular presidential election took place on July 19, 2007. Patil was elected with 65.82% of the vote. In doing so, she became the first female president of India.

Patil commuted 35 death sentences to prison terms in the summer of 2012, shortly before the end of her five-year term. This was widely discussed in India, also against the background that at the time the Mumbai assassin , who ran amok with a group of other terrorists for three days in Mumbai and killed people indiscriminately, was waiting to be executed. This assassin was not pardoned and was executed in November 2012. Before that, there had been no execution since 2004.

Proof of quotations, references and the like

1. ↑ Biographical Sketch Member of Parliament X Lok Sabha ( Memento of the original from July 17, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ↑ Kiran Tare ,: From college queen to future prez , Mid-Day , Mumbai. June 15, 2007. 
3. ↑ Biography of Mrs Pratibha Patil , indiastudychannel.com. Archived from the original on June 25, 2007 Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved June 16, 2007.   
4. ↑ ^{a b} Shyam Pandharipande, Nagpur: Pratibha Patil is Vidarbha's daughter-in-law , newKerala.com. June 15, 2007. 
5. ↑ Ravish Tiwari / Mahesh Mhatre: Pratibha's CV says it all: She backed Indira 'n was backed by Rajiv , The Indian Express . June 15, 2007. 
6. ↑ Rediff.com : Profile: UPA prez nominee Pratibha Patil , Tabrez Khan in Mumbai. June 14, 2007. Retrieved June 15, 2007. 
7. ↑ Kumar Ketkar: Two Patils, one Rashtrapati: The lady and the snowman: Pratibha and Shivraj are a study in contrast , The Indian Express . June 16, 2007. 
8. ↑ CNN-IBN : Pratibha Patil, a Sonia loyalist , IBNlive.com. June 14, 2007. Retrieved June 15, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.    
9. ↑ [1]
10. ↑ BS Reporter / Mumbai: Pratibha Patil: End of a long political winter , Business Standard . June 15, 2007. 
11. ↑ Match over, now: Left rejects second term for Kalam ( Memento of the original from October 12, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , In: Central Chronicle, June 21, 2007 
12. ↑ Jochen Buchsteiner: Loaded with affairs in the highest state office In the FAZ from July 20, 2007
13. ^ India gets first woman president. NDTV.com on July 21, 2007 (accessed April 27, 2010).
14. ^ Pratibha Patil: India's first female president. In: International Herald Tribune gl. Date
15. ↑ spiegel.de: [2]

Web links

Commons : Pratibha Patil  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Klaus Julian Voll: Pratibha Patil is the new President of India at suedasien.info
• A portrait of the new Indian President by Klaus Julian Voll at suedasien.info
• Official profile
• Official CV on the Parliament website of India.
• India: Pratibha Patil under criticism In: diestandard .at of June 27, 2007
• India Demands Answers First . (Allegations against Pratibha Patil from wordpress June 26, 2007; engl.)