Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky

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Vladimir Vysotsky (1979)

Wladimir Semjonowitsch Wyssozki ( Russian Владимир Семёнович Высоцкий , scientific transliteration Vladimir Semënovič Vysockij ; born on January 25, 1938 in Moscow ; died on July 25, 1980 there ) was a Russian actor , poet and singer .

Even if his (very few) records were published by the state-owned Melodija label, Vysotsky was an extremely uncomfortable poet and singer for the state. In his songs he also sang about topics that officially did not exist in the Soviet Union: prostitution , crime , anti-Semitism . He is still a household name in Russia and the other former Soviet republics, where he is considered the greatest songwriter of the 20th century.

Since most of his songs were not officially published due to their liberal and critical content, tapes of his concerts were distributed according to the samizdat principle and circulated millions of times across the country. Vysotsky earned his living through his engagements in the Taganka Theater and in the films, in which he was allowed to act despite the opposition of the authorities.

Life

Vladimir Vysotsky was born in Moscow in 1938. During the Second World War , he and his mother were evacuated to the city of Buzuluk in the Urals for two years . From 1947 to 1949 he lived with his father, a colonel in the Soviet army who was of Jewish descent , and his second wife in Eberswalde , where he learned to play the piano. After returning to Moscow he lived in Bolshoi-Karetny-Gasse, which he described in the song “Gde twoi semnadzat let? Well Bolshom Karetnom! ... " ( " Where are your seventeen years? In Bolshoi-Karetny-Gasse! ... " ) set up a monument.

After graduating from school in 1955, he began studying at the Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering, which he dropped out after just one semester. Instead, he became a student at the Drama School of the Moscow Art Theater in 1956 , where he also met his first wife, Isa Zhukova. Here he met the famous poet and chansonnier Bulat Okudschawa and was often invited to the house of the writer Andrei Sinjawski . In 1960 he had his first theater and film appearances. In 1961 he met his second wife, Lyudmila Abramova, and began to write his first songs. In 1964 he became a member of the ensemble of the Taganka Theater and wrote songs for a film for the first time. In 1967 he met the French actress Marina Vlady in Moscow , whom he married in December 1969. In the 1970s he made several guest appearances abroad with the ensemble of the Taganka Theater, including France and the USA . On July 18, 1980, he appeared in the Taganka Theater for the last time in his most famous role - that of Hamlet . On July 25, at the age of only 42, Vladmir Vysotsky died of heart failure in his home. The main reasons for his untimely death are likely to have been his severe alcoholic illness and drug use.

Postage stamp of Russia , Vladimir Vysotsky, 1999, 2 rub. (Michel 761, Scott 6547)

On July 28, Vysotsky was buried in the Vagankovo ​​cemetery . Since the Olympic Games were taking place in Moscow at that time and the government wanted to avoid a political scandal in any case, the death of Vysotsky went unmentioned by the Soviet media. Nonetheless, the news spread among the population like wildfire, and the funeral turned out to be the largest non-governmental demonstration Moscow had ever seen. Vysotsky was buried in Hamlet's costume .

Vysotsky was above all a poet, which he often stressed. Musically, Vysotsky is assigned to different genres. In many representations he is assigned to the bard genre, a type that bears a lot of resemblance to German-speaking songwriters . Others see his focus more on Russian chanson - a separate genre of Russian popular music that is strongly linked to the Russian half- and underworld . Compared to other Russian interpreters, Vysotsky is also well known in Germany . The DKP- affiliated label plans released several LPs with songs by Vysotsky in the 1980s and 1990s .

In 1987 he was posthumously awarded the State Prize of the USSR . According to a survey carried out in 2018, Vysotsky is one of the most important personalities in Russia of the 20th century, taking 2nd place (behind Yuri Gagarin ). The main outer belt asteroid (2374) Vladvysotskij was named after him.

Quote

“Hamlet hates revenge and meanness, but he cannot get away from it, he does everything like the people he fights, although he would be happy not to. He does not want to kill, but he will kill and knows that. He cannot leave this circle, cannot get rid of the laws and conventions that his environment offers. That's why he's desperate, that's why he's losing his mind! "

- Wladimir Semjonowitsch Wyssozki : About Hamlet, Hamlet program at the Burgtheater , Vienna 2013

Discography (selection)

  • Von der Erde - And Other Songs (Plans, 1980)
  • We spin the earth (plans, 1988)
  • Songs of War (Plans, 1995)
  • Vladimir VISOTZKY / Влади́мир Высо́цкий , Meлoдия (1980), STEREO, C60-14761-2, Made in USSR
  • Влади́мир Высо́цкий Марина Влади , Meлoдия (1974/1987), STEREO, C60 25959 008, Made in USSR
  • На концертах Владимира Высоцкого 1
  • На концертах Владимира Высоцкого 2, (Spasite naschi duschi), Meлoдия (1967/1987), MOНO, M60 48025 001, Made in USSR
  • На концертах Владимира Высоцкого 3, (Moskva - Odessa), Meлoдия (1967/1988), MOНO, M60 48257 006, Made in USSR
  • На концертах Владимира Высоцкого 4, (Pesnja o Drusje), Meлoдия (1971/1988), MOНO, M60 48 259 000, Made in USSR
  • На концертах Владимира Высоцкого 5, (Mir naschemu Domu), Meлoдия (1972/1988), MOНO, M60 48 501 007, Made in USSR
  • На концертах Владимира Высоцкого 6, (Tsushaja Koleja), Meлoдия (1971/1988), MOНO, M60 48503 001, Made in USSR

Filmography

  • 1959: Girlfriends (Сверстницы) - Director: Wassili Ordynski
  • 1961: The Clumsy (Карьера Димы Горина) - Director: Frunze Dovlatjan , Lev Mirski
  • 1962: Landurlaub (Увольнение на берег) - Director: Felix Mironer
  • 1962: 713 requests landing permit (713-й просит посадку) - Director: Grigori Nikulin
  • 1962: The penalty kick (Штрафной удар) - directed by Weniamin Dorman
  • 1963: The Living and the Dead (Живые и мёртвые) - Director: Alexander Stolper
  • 1965: Our Home (Наш дом) - Director: Wassili Pronin
  • 1965: На завтрашней улице - Director: Fyodor Filippow
  • 1965: The Cook (Стряпуха) - Director: Edmond Keosajan
  • 1966: Sturm an der Steilwand (Вертикаль) - directed by Stanislaw Goworuchin , Boris Durow
  • 1966: Я родом из детства - Director: Viktor Turow
  • 1968: Short Encounters (Короткие встречи) - Director: Kira Muratowa
  • 1968: Интервенция - Director: Gennadi Poloka (only came to the cinema in 1987)
  • 1968: Two comrades served (Служили два товарища) - Director: Yevgeny Karelow
  • 1968: Хозяин тайги - Director: Vladimir Nazarow
  • 1969: Опасные гастроли - Director: Georgi Jungwald-Chilkewitsch
  • 1969: White Explosion (Белый взрыв) - Director: Stanislaw Goworuchin
  • 1972: Четвёртый - Director: Alexander Stolper
  • 1973: A bad, good person (Плохой хороший человек) - Director: Iossif Cheific
  • 1974: Chauffeurs in Chains (Okovani šoferi / Единственная дорога) - Director: Vladimir Pavlović
  • 1975: Ivan and Marja (Иван да Марья) - Director: Boris Ryzarew
  • 1975: Бегство мистера Мак-Кинли - Director: Michail Schweizer
  • 1975: The Only One (Единственная) - Director: Iossif Cheific
  • 1976: How Tsar Peter married his Mohren (Сказ про то, как царь Пётр арапа женил) - Director: Alexander Mitta
  • 1979: The Black Cat (Место встречи изменить нельзя) (TV movie) - Director: Stanislaw Goworuchin
  • 1979: Little Tragedies (Маленькие трагедии) (TV film) - Director: Michail Schweizer

Works (selection)

  • Oksana Bulgakowa , Margit Bräuer (ed.): Don't tear my silver strings. 100 songs and poems . German and Russian. Nachichtungen Reinhold Andert , Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-351-01196-2 , (With 20 photos, sheet music and a record.)
  • Brigitte van Kann (Ed.): Wolf hunting. Poems and songs . Russian and German, translated and retouched by Martin Remané, Verlag Neue Critique, Frankfurt / M. 1986, ISBN 3-8015-0210-4 . (Multiple editions)

filming

Vysotski's son, the screenwriter Nikita Vysotsky, worked with director Pyotr Buslow on a biography of Vladimir Vysotsky: Vysotsky - Thank you, for my life , which opened in German cinemas on December 1, 2011.

literature

  • Heinrich Pfandl: Text relationships in the poetic work of Vladimir Vysockij . Otto Sagner, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-87690-546-X (also dissertation, University of Graz 1992).
  • Marina Vlady : A love between two worlds. My life with Vladimir Vysotsky ("Vladimir ou le vol arrêté"). Aufbau-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Berlin 1991, ISBN 978-3-351-02078-1 . As paperback 1997, ISBN 3-7466-1281-0 .

Web links

Commons : Vladimir Vysotsky  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Lutz D. Schmadel : Dictionary of Minor Planet Names . Fifth Revised and Enlarged Edition. Ed .: Lutz D. Schmadel. 5th edition. Springer Verlag , Berlin , Heidelberg 2003, ISBN 978-3-540-29925-7 , pp.  186 (English, 992 pp., Link.springer.com [ONLINE; accessed on August 5, 2019] Original title: Dictionary of Minor Planet Names . First edition: Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 1992): “1974 QE 1 . Discovered 1974 Aug. 22 by LV Zhuravleva at Nauchnyj. "
  2. ↑ Cinema trailer
personal data
SURNAME Vysotsky, Vladimir Semyonovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Высоцкий, Владимир Семёнович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet actor, poet and singer
DATE OF BIRTH January 25, 1938
PLACE OF BIRTH Moscow
DATE OF DEATH July 25, 1980
Place of death Moscow