Azov

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Azov (disambiguation) .

city Azov Азов flag coat of arms Federal district Southern Russia Oblast Rostov Urban district Azov mayor Vladimir Valeryevich Raschupkin First mention 1067 City since 1708 surface 66  km² population 82,937 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 1257 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 40  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 86342 Post Code 34678x, 346799 License Plate 61, 161 OKATO 60 404 Website www.azov.info Geographical location Coordinates 47 ° 6 '  N , 39 ° 25'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 6 '0 "  N , 39 ° 25' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Rostov Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Azov ( Russian Азо́в ) is a city in the Rostov Oblast in southwest Russia with 82,937 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010). Earlier names are Tanais , Tana and Azak .

Azov is located on the Don , 7 km from its confluence with the Sea of ​​Azov .

history

In Azov city center (June 2013)

Antiquity

→ Main article : Tanais (Sarmatia)

To the north of today's Azov are the remains of the ancient Greek city of Tanais , once an important trading center.

middle Ages

Azov on a 10 ruble coin from 2008

Under the rule of the Kyptschaks , the place was mentioned in 1067 as azak (i.e. lowlands), from which the current name is derived. The city flourished during the time of the Golden Horde in the 13th and 14th centuries. Venetian and Genoese merchants established a trading post they called Tana. Large parts of the trade in Tatar and Russian slaves were carried out via the trading colony, which was dominated by Venetians in the 14th and 15th centuries , although the constant rival Kaffa in the Crimea , controlled by Genoa, carried out this trade on an even larger scale. In addition, Tana was an important center for trade between the northern and southern Black Sea and a transshipment point for goods from the Far East, as the city was at the end of the so-called via mongolica (an arm of the Silk Road ) and relatively during the rule of the Golden Horde was sure.

In 1471 Azov was conquered by the Turks and converted into a fortress ( Turkish Azak ).

Azov fortress

The Battle of Azov 1696 (Dutch engraving from 1699)

A first attack by Cossacks under Dmytro Wyschneweckyj on Azov failed in 1559. In the summer of 1637, the Don Cossacks captured the fortress, which was defended by 4,000 Ottoman soldiers with 200 guns. In June 1641, the Cossacks withstood a long siege by the Ottoman army . In 1642, after the Turks withdrew, Tsar Michael I decided to hand over the fortress to avoid a conflict with the Ottoman Empire . Before they left the fortress, the Cossacks destroyed all defenses.

After the first Asowfeldzug a siege had remained unsuccessful by Russian troops in the previous year, captured Peter I in the first successful battle his reign on July 28, 1696 Fortress Azov back. After the defeat in the Battle of the Prut in 1711, however, he had to return it to the Ottomans. In the Peace of Belgrade in 1739, the city fell back to Russia , which was finally confirmed during the reign of Catherine II in 1774.

For seven years, Azov was the capital of its own governorate, but as Rostov-on-Don grew , the city lost its importance.

In 1901 the physicist Alexander Popov set up Russia's first civil radio station near Azov.

During the Second World War , Azov was occupied by the German Wehrmacht on July 27, 1942 . On February 7, 1943, the city was liberated by the southern front of the Red Army .

On May 5, 2017, Azov was nicknamed the City of Military Bravery ( Russian Город воинской доблести ). The corresponding memorial column was erected on May 8, 2018 on Berjoska Square.

archeology

Azov Fortress today

Memorial in honor of the Cossacks who fell between 1637 and 1642

The area between the later city of Taganrog and Rostov-on-Don is being investigated by the DAI in cooperation with Russian archeology (see web link).

As early as 1823, the archaeological remains of IA Stempkowski, which were still visible at the time, were associated with ancient Tanais. PM Leontjew confirmed this a few decades later through test excavations. Systematic major excavations that began in 1955 and continued by DB Selow until 1993 were able to provide further insight into the structure of the ancient city. The main interest was essentially the history of the city in Rome. Only the investigations by the DAI led to findings about the archaic settlement. The agora of the Hellenistic period was also found, and the gate, which was laid out in the manner of a propylon , was the gateway to the agora from the port for two hundred years. The redesigns up to Roman times could also be examined more closely. The late antique development corresponded to a well thought-out urban planning scheme.

population

Population development

year	Residents
1885	16,600
1913	26,500
1939	24,999
1959	39,931
1970	59,302
1979	75,124
1989	80.297
2002	82,090
2010	82,937

Note: from 1939 census data

Ethnic composition

On January 1, 2012, the Asov city population was 94 percent ethnic Russians . Three percent were Ukrainians . A significant and long-established Armenian minority lives in Azov . Altogether more than 20 different ethnic groups live in Azov, including some Russian Germans .

politics

Azov City Council building

In the 2018 presidential election in Russia , 79.5 percent of the Azov people voted for Vladimir Putin , 11.6 percent for Pavel Grudinin , 4.35 percent for Vladimir Zhirinovsky , and 1 percent for Xenia Sobchak . 2.8% voted for other candidates. The turnout was around 80 percent.

Mayor of Azov

• 2005-2016 Sergei Leonidowitsch Besdolny ( United Russia )
• 2016 − today Vladimir Valeryevich Raschupkin ( United Russia )

economy

From the 1950s onwards, Azov regained increasing economic importance and was one of the leading cities in the region in the field of construction and industry . Today Azov belongs to the Rostov agglomeration and is considered a dynamically developing business location with a well-developed infrastructure. Due to its favorable location on the Don, Azov will in future increasingly function as a logistical hub connecting southern Russia with national and international markets.

The main industries in the city are engineering and the food industry . There is also a sewing factory and a factory for the production of dietary supplements .

The agriculture plays an important role, they are mainly in the Azov area wheat , corn and sunflower grown.

education

With the Asower Institute for Economics, Administration and Law, the city has its own university . There are also three university branches.

sons and daughters of the town

• Tamara Bykowa (* 1958), high jumper and Olympic third party
• Irina Korschanenko (* 1974), shot put
• Yuri Kowtun (* 1970), football player
• Matwei Platow (1753-1818), general and hetman of the army of the Don Cossacks
• Rudolf Samoilowitsch (1881–1939), polar researcher and geologist
• Stanisław Syrewicz (* 1946), Polish composer and theater director
• Alfred Wiłkomirski (1873–1950), Polish violinist, violist and music teacher

Climate table

Azov
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     47   -1 -7     37   0 -6     31   6th -1     43   16 6th     53   23 12     67   27 16     51   29 18th     37   28 17th     36   23 12     30th   15th 6th     46   8th 1     61   3 -3 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: Roshydromet

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Azov Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) −0.9 0.3 6.2 16.3 22.8 26.5 28.7 27.9 22.5 14.6 7.5 2.5 O 14.6 Min. Temperature (° C) −7.2 −6.4 −1.3 6.4 12.3 16.3 18.1 16.8 11.9 5.8 1.4 −2.9 O 6th Precipitation ( mm ) 47 37 31 43 53 67 51 37 36 30th 46 61 Σ 539 Rainy days ( d ) 9 7th 6th 7th 7th 7th 6th 5 5 5 8th 10 Σ 82 Source: Roshydromet

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ The story of Azov. In: Rostov Oblast Administration. Retrieved April 23, 2015 (Russian, undated). 
3. ↑ 79.46% принявших участие в выборах Президента РФ азовских избирателей проголосовали за Владимтира Пу Владимтира. In: gorodazov.ru. March 19, 2018. Retrieved August 20, 2018 (Russian). 
4. ↑ http://www.gorodazov.ru/glava/biografiya.html
5. ↑ The story of Azov. (No longer available online.) In: Internet presence of the Asov City Library. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved April 23, 2015 (Russian, undated). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  

Web links

Commons : Azov  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• City of Azov (Russian)
• Entry on mojgorod.ru (Russian)
• Project of the German Archaeological Institute ( Memento from November 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive )