Antonius Schultingh

Antonius Schultingh

Antonius Schultingh (also: Anton Schulting, Schultingius ; * July 23, 1659 in Nijmegen ; † March 12, 1734 in Leiden ) was one of the most important representatives of the Dutch humanistic school of law and was often referred to as the Dutch Cujacius .

Life

The son of the professor at the Athenaeum and writers in Nijmegen Johannes Schultingh (1630–1666) and his wife Katharina van den Bergh had already lost his father at an early age, so that the mother had to take care of his upbringing. The Dutch War forced the family to flee to Dordrecht and Leiden. Here Schultingh attended the trivial school and was enrolled on September 19, 1675 at the University of Leiden . First he completed a degree in philosophical sciences, but at the encouragement of the professor of rhetoric and history Theodorus Rijcke , he switched to the law faculty. Here Johannes Friedrich Böckelmann (1632–1681) and Johannes Voet (1647–1713) were his teachers.

After completing his doctorate in 1683 with the disp. de naturali obligatione (Leiden 1683), he continued his training as a private teacher. The arrival of Gerard Noodt (1647–1725) had a great influence on the young scholar . After Jodocus von Gesseler died in 1688, he became professor of law at the University of Harderwijk on April 7, 1691 , which office he assumed with the speech de Optimo genere interpretum juris civilis . In 1693 he took over the rectorate of the Alma Mater with the speech Oratio de militia advocatorum (Harderwijk 1694). On November 16, 1694 he was appointed to the University of Franeker , which office he took on March 14, 1695 with the speech Oratio qua disquirttur, culpandusne sit Tribonianus, quod Ictorum, qui stante libera reipublica Romana claruere, scripta suppresserit, de posteriorum, qui sub Imperatoribus floruere, responsa in Pandectas retulerit (Franeker 1695).

In Franeker he developed into an important legal scholar of his time. Above all, he benefited from his knowledge of Roman history. He also participated in the organizational tasks of the university and took over the rectorate of the alma mater in 1701/02 and 1711/12, on which occasions he gave the speeches de Jurisprudentia MT Ciceronis (Franeker 1702) and de Jurisprudentia historica (Franeker 1712). On November 9, 1713, he took over the first professorship in Roman law at the Faculty of Law at the University of Leiden with the Rede de Caussis praestantiae juris Romani . He held this for twenty years until his death. He also took part in the organizational tasks of the university and was rector of the Alma Mater there in 1717/18 .

Act

His numerous scientific works, which earned him the designation of Dutch Cujacius , mainly move on the legal-philological border area. In addition to his major work on Justinian's jurisprudence , he worked on various legal matters with rare acuteness and diligence. For example, in his inaugural speech in Harderwijk on the best explanation of law . His academic treatises, such as the funeral speech given to him by Johann Jacob Vitriarius (1679–1745), were published by Prof. Johann Friedrich Uhl (1714–1790) in Frankfurt an der Oder, in 4 parts in Halle (Saale). In 1799, Professor Nicolaus Smallenburg (1761–1836) gave test notes for some of the titles of the Pandekten von Schutting, 1804 the first, 1809 the second, 1820 the third and 1824 the fourth part of these notes, which only go up to the 27th book with editor's notes out.

Schutting, whom Christoph Saxe also calls the Dutch Cujacius from 1714–1806, was also a great connoisseur of Greek and Latin literature and even the church fathers, of which he had provided sufficient evidence in his comments on the Jurisprudentia Antijustinianea and the Pandects. All his dissertations , orationes, and especially his enarratio of the first four books of the Pandects (which he, it is said, he did not continue in order not to collide with Noodt), and his Theses controversae, show the astute and highly educated jurist everywhere.

Works

• Orat. Rectorales de Jurisprudentia MT Ciceronis. Franeker 1702.
• Dissertationes de recusatione Iudicis; pro rescriptis Imp. Romanorum; de transactione super contriversiis, quae ex ultimis voluntatibus nascurtur, etiam non inspectis vel cognitis, Morum verbis, recte ineunda. Accedit Oratio de Juris prudentiia MT Ciceronis. Franeker 1708.
• Dissertation de Jurispr. historica. Franeker 1712.
• Dissertatio de recusatione judicis pro rescriptis Imp. Rome. Leiden 1714.
• Oratio funebris in Jubitum Jac. Perizonii. Leiden 1715.
• Jurisprudentia vetus Anteiustinianea, cum duabus Orationibus, inaugurali Franequerana, alteraque de Jurisprudentia Historica. Leiden 1717, Leipzig 1736.
• Dissertatio de Utilitate Jurispr. Rome. ad alias artes et sententias. Leiden 1718.
• Enarratio partis I Digestorum constat Disputationibus Franequerae quondam ventilatis, hic vero auctis et expolitis. Accedit Diss. Ad l. I ult. Ff. De Quaestionibus. Suffering 1720.
• Dissertatio de angusta hominis innocentia ad legem boni. Leiden 1730.
• Thesium Controversarum inxta seriem Digestorum, Decades C. quae disputatae olim Franequerae. Accedit Exercitatio ac Valerii Maximi L. VII. C. 7 de Testamentis rescissis, quae inserta quaque editioni huius Auctoris, Abr. Torrenii. Et Vitriarii Orat.funeb. Leiden 1738.
• In 1778, twee afdrukken van het romeinsche wetboek (Corpus Juris) were used by Schulting, van de erven van den Hoogleeraar Rucker, in vienna bezit zij tot dusverre had been, before eene som van f 2000 by curators of the Leidsche school. Deze zijn door den hoogleeraar Smallenburg, with zijn own notes in the light given onder the title of Ant. Schultingii Notae ad Digesta seu Pandectas. Ed. atque Animadversiones suas adiecit N. Smallenburg. Leiden 1804-1820

literature

• Friedrich Julius Otto: The complete literature of the Netherlands, or life and work of the Dutch writers since the thirteenth century up to our time. Publishing house of the bibliographical institute, Hildburghausen-Amsterdam-Philadelphia, 1838, Sp. 399, (online)
• Richard Hoche :  Schultingh, Antonius . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 32, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1891, p. 701 f.
• Christian Gottlieb Jöcher : General scholarly lexicon. Therein the scholars of all classes, both male and female, who lived from the beginning of the world up to the present time, and made themselves known to the learned world, After their birth, life, strange stories, death and writing, from credible scribes, in in alphabetical order. Verlag Johann Friedrich Gleditsch , Leipzig, 1751, Volume 4 (S – Z), Sp. 377–378, (online)
• Schulting or Schultingius, Anton. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 35, Leipzig 1743, column 1604.
• Abraham Jacob van der Aa : Biographical woordenboek der Nederlanden, bevattende levensbeschrijvingen van zoodanige people, who zich op eenigerlei wijze in ons vaderland vermaard made. Verlag JJ Van Brederode, Haarlem, 1874, Volume 17, Part 1, pp. 537-538 ( online , Dutch)
• van Kuyk: SCHULTINGH (Antonius) . In: Nieuw Nederlands Biografisch Woordenboek. (NNBW) Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis (ING), AW Sijthoff, Leiden, Volume 1, Sp. 1462–1464 (Dutch)

Web link

• Antonius Schulting at the digital library of the Netherlands