Paul von Jägerndorf

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Paul von Jägerndorf on a painting in the Fürstengang Freising
The coat of arms of Paul von Jägerndorf in the Fürstengang Freising

Paul von Jägerndorf (also Paul von Harrach ; * presumably in Jägerndorf ; † July 23, 1377 in Freising or Austria ) was Bishop of Gurk from 1352 to 1359 and Prince-Bishop of Freising from 1359 to 1377 .

Life

The information about the origin of Bishop Paul is contradictory. According to some sources, he came from the Bohemian-Austrian noble family Harrach , and his parents were Theodorich von Harrach († 1336) and Cunigunde, whose origins are not known. According to other sources, he came from a Silesian knight family who were wealthy in northern Moravia in the area of ​​Jägerndorf and are said to have founded the Jägerndorf Minorite Monastery. According to this information, Paul's father was called Peter, and he had the sons Boto, Nikolaus and Otto as well as Johann de Jegersdorf and de Lobensteyn , where Johann is said to be identical to the later Bishop Paul von Jägerndorf .

Since Paul is called a chaplain and “iuris peritus”, he must have completed higher studies. He was secretary to King Ludwig I of Hungary from an early age . In 1350 he asked for a canon in Gran and for the archdeacon in Neutra . He also became canon in Wroclaw and pastor of Reisbach near Regensburg and provost of Höglwörth in Upper Bavaria. Since May 22, 1351 he has been attending a master's degree .

After the death of Gurk Bishop Ulrich von Wildhaus in 1351, there were disputes between the Pope and the Salzburg Archbishop Ortolf over the replacement . In agreement with the cathedral chapter, but without the intended notification to the Pope, he appointed his brother Ulrich von Weißeneck as his successor and already consecrated him as bishop. At the instigation of the Hungarian King Ludwig, Pope Clement VI appointed. but Paul von Jägerndorf, whose commission took place on October 24, 1351.

He owed his appointment to the following circumstance: King Ludwig had got into a dispute with Pope Clemens when the latter delayed the coronation of Ludwig's brother Andreas as King of Naples. After Andreas was murdered at the instigation of his wife Johanna , she was crowned Queen of Naples herself. In revenge, King Ludwig now undertook military expeditions to Naples to fight the Pope, who was Queen Johanna's liege lord. The Pope then retaliated by excommunicating Ludwig. Since King Ludwig was now striving to resolve the ban , he gave up his claims on Sicily and in 1351 sent Paul von Jägerndorf to Avignon . The Pope wanted to show his appreciation to Paul von Jägerndorf and awarded him the diocese of Gurk as a reward. On January 23, 1352, Paul received permission to be ordained by any bishop. Since the Gurk chapter and the ministerials felt they had been left out, they rebelled and occupied the bishopric castles. The Pope then instructed the Patriarch of Aquileia to take action against the rebels. They were forced to give in and eventually recognized Paul as bishop. However, counter-bishop Ulrich was able to hold his own for a while. It was not until 1352 that he renounced the episcopal rank when he was appointed Bishop of Seckau .

Bishop Paul was entrusted by the Pope with important diplomatic missions, which is why he hardly stayed in his diocese of Gurk. I.a. he was sent as Nuncio of the Apostolic See to Margrave Johann Heinrich of Moravia and Duke Albrecht of Austria to end the hostilities between the two by mediating a peace. Together with the Austrian Duke Rudolf IV , he mediated a dispute between Ludwig V the Brandenburger and Pope Innocent VI.

The Hungarian King Ludwig, who had helped Paul von Jägerndorf at the time to the bishopric of Gurk, also wanted to bring him to the patriarchal seat of Aquileja. Since the Pope was unable to comply with this request, he transferred the Principality of Freising to Paul von Jägerndorf instead. Because Paul von Jägerndorf delivered the Pope's letter himself, it was assumed that he carried out his own transport in Avignon. On May 15, 1359 Paul was transferred to Freising and on July 2 he took possession of his cathedral.

During his tenure as Bishop of Freising, he tried to win back the goods in Austria that had been stolen from the Hochstift Freising under his predecessors. Therefore, he turned to Pope Urban V , who entrusted his legate Collonna with the corresponding settlement negotiations. Although Duke Rudolf IV of Austria promised to return the confiscated goods, this only came about after Rudolf IV's death in 1365. In an alliance agreement with his brothers Albrecht III. and Leopold III. Bishop Paul undertook to assist the dukes with the castles and towns of the bishopric in Austria and to open them in an emergency. When the Counts of Görz appropriated the Freising Hofmark Innichen in Pustertal , it came about through the mediation of Pope Gregor XI. In 1374 to a contract that guaranteed the return of the Hofmark to the Hochstift Freising, although at the same time the legal position of the Hofmark was weakened.

Because of the high level of debt, Bishop Paul had to commit himself in 1361 to a temporary assignment of Freising's share of the Munich bridge toll . At the same time he had to give up some of his privileges under pressure from the cathedral chapter . In 1365 he consecrated the rebuilt oldest parish church in Munich, St. Peter, and in 1370 the monastery church in Ettal . After 18 years of reign he died on July 23, 1377. His place of death and burial is also given contradictingly. He died either in Freising or Austria and his body was buried either in Freising Cathedral or in the Gaming Charterhouse . A Freising epitaph from the 18th century calls him "Paul de Harach".

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ [1] and [2]
  2. ↑ According to Jakob Obersteiner: The Bishops of Gurk. 1072-1822. 1969.
  3. ↑ Information according to NDB and Gatz.
  4. ↑ Son of Przibislaus
  5. ↑ Genealogy
  6. ↑ As far as it is correct that he came from Jägerndorf, the indication "Silesian" is not correct. Jägerndorf remained in Bohemia even after the Pentecostal Peace of Glatz and belonged to the Moravian province of Opava from the 1260s and to the Přemyslid Duchy of Opava from 1318 , which at that time was not yet included in Silesia or the Silesian Duchies. This also results from the fact that Jägerndorf belongs to the Diocese of Olomouc, from which it was never separated.
  7. ↑ According to: Hubert Strzewitzek: The family relations of the Freising bishops in the Middle Ages (= contributions to the old Bavarian church history. 16, ISSN  0341-8456 ). Archbishop's Ordinariate, Munich et al. 1938, pp. 193–196, here footnote 1.
personal data
SURNAME Paul von Jägerndorf
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Paul von Harrach; Pavel z Harachu (Czech)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Gurk and Prince-Bishop of Freising
DATE OF BIRTH 13th century or 14th century
PLACE OF BIRTH uncertain: Jägerndorf
DATE OF DEATH July 23, 1377
Place of death Freising or Austria