Albert II of Hohenberg

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Albert II von Hohenberg on a painting in the Fürstengang Freising
The coat of arms of Albert II von Hohenberg in the Fürstengang Freising
Hohenberger coat of arms in Scheibler's coat of arms book from 1450

Count Albert von Hohenberg (* around 1303 in Rottenburg am Neckar ; † April 25, 1359 in Stein am Rhein ) was Bishop of Freising , Constance and Würzburg .

Origin and name

His parents were Count Rudolf I von Hohenberg († 1336) and his first wife, Agnes von Werdenberg († 1317).

According to the count of the Freising bishops, he is "Albert II of Hohenberg". He is also known as Albrecht. In the succession of the Würzburg bishops he is therefore "Albrecht I von Hohenberg". From a genealogical perspective he is Count "Albert V. von Hohenberg".

Appointment as court chancellor and failure as bishop of Constance and Würzburg

Tombs of Albert II, Rudolf I and his second wife, Irmengard von Württemberg

Since he was chosen for the clerical status, he attended the cathedral school in Konstanz for several years , where he subsequently also became canon . To further study theology and law , he went to the Sorbonne in Paris , where he also gave lectures in canon law after graduating. He received another canon post at the bishopric of Strasbourg . Since the Counts of Hohenberg were relatives of the Habsburgs and his father was a party member of King Ludwig of Bavaria , he actually had good prospects of becoming bishop in his home town of Constance . In the bishop's election in 1333 he was defeated by Nikolaus von Frauenfeld, who was confirmed by the Pope . His father tried in 1334 by sieging the bishop's residence in Meersburg in vain to enforce his son.

To compensate for the bishop's chair in Constance, King Ludwig appointed him court chancellor and handed him the office of bailiff in Alsace . Here he stopped the persecution of the Jews in 1338 and 1340 . On behalf of the king, he was on several diplomatic missions in Rome , France and England . On such a trip, however, he was in 1342 from Pope Clement VI. persuade them to switch to the papal side. Despite the papal support, the second attempt to become Bishop of Constance in 1344 did not succeed either.

In the end , he was also unable to assert himself against the Würzburg cathedral chapter . After Albrecht II of Hohenlohe was unanimously elected bishop in 1345 , Pope Clement VI tried . to enforce him as bishop. Albert sent agents to Würzburg to take over the business, but this did not succeed. Contrary to Lorenz Fries' portrayal , Albert himself never seems to have entered the diocese.

Bishop of Freising

Finally, in 1349, the Pope gave him the office of bishop in Freising . The cathedral chapter's right to vote was ignored. Therefore, he was only in 1351 under pressure from the Pope and the Hapsburgs in 1351 in Brugg in the Aargau the episcopal ordination received. Queen Agnes of Hungary and Duke Albert II of Austria also took part in this festival . In his capacity as Count von Hohenberg, he helped the latter to take action against the rebellious city of Zurich in vain in 1354 . After the murder of Bishop Johann III. on January 21, 1356 he tried again to gain the bishopric of Constance. Since he could only win three votes in the election on February 5, 1356, there was a double election, together with Ulrich von Friedingen . So Pope Innocent VI became. called, who finally in May 1357 Heinrich III. was appointed Bishop of Constance by Brandis . From then on, he switched his ambitions to another seat.

In his diocese of Freising he succeeded in improving economic conditions, but only by selling numerous Freising goods. The overdue servitia to the pope have been financed. Since the dispute with the Habsburgs was settled, the payments from the Austrian possessions flowed again and contributed to the economic recovery.

In order to improve pastoral care, which was neglected by the secular clergy, he incorporated many parishes in various monasteries and monasteries, because he hoped that this would provide better care for the faithful. The balance of power in the diocese was also cleared up relatively quickly. Even before his episcopal ordination, Albert received an oral promise to withdraw the excommunication from Pope Clement VI. for the Freising abbots and canons. Bishop Leutold von Schaunberg, elected by the cathedral chapter in 1342, resigned in 1350 and went into exile in Vienna, where he died in 1356. On June 19, 1351, the excommunicated were reconciled and Albert could now rule his diocese without any problems.

During his tenure, St. Sigismund , King of Burgundy, is mentioned for the first time as one of the main patrons of the diocese and the Freising Cathedral. His relics were brought to Prague by King Charles IV in 1354. It is unclear whether the Freising relics were a gift from the king or whether Albert obtained them himself from Switzerland.

Even as court chancellor and bishop he retained his rights as Count von Hohenberg, where he was listed as Albert V. He appears several times as a founder and witness in documents of the time. He was buried in the collegiate church of St. Moriz in Rottenburg am Neckar, the burial place of the Hohenbergers. There is a large Gothic grave monument that shows him in episcopal regalia. His bishop's coat of arms is depicted on one of the pillars of the gallery from the first quarter of the 15th century.

literature

Web links

Commons : Albert II. Von Hohenberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ [1]
  2. ^ Hugo Hantsch, The History of Austria I, Graz Vienna Cologne, 1959, p. 127f
  3. ↑ H. Stahleder, Historischer Atlas von Bayern, Teil Altbayern, Heft 33 Hochstift Freising, Munich 1956 p. 252f
  4. ↑ Strzewitzek, Kinship Relations, p. 221
  5. ↑ K. Meichelbeck, Historia Frisingensis, Vol. II, p. 141, Augsburg, 1729, II p. 174 ff
predecessor Office successor
Rudolf II of Montfort Bishop of Constance
1334–1335 		Nikolaus von Frauenfeld
Otto II von Wolfskeel Bishop of Würzburg
1345–1349 		Albrecht II of Hohenlohe
Johann Windlock Bishop of Constance
1356-1357 		Ulrich von Friedingen
John II Hake Bishop of Freising
1349–1359 		Paul von Jägerndorf
personal data
SURNAME Albert II of Hohenberg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Albert V. von Hohenberg (as count); Albert II (as Bishop of Freising); Albert I. (as Bishop of Constance and Würzburg)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Freising, Constance and Würzburg
DATE OF BIRTH around 1303
PLACE OF BIRTH Rottenburg am Neckar
DATE OF DEATH April 25, 1359
Place of death Stone at the Rhein