Rudolf III. from Montfort

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Coat of arms of the Counts of Montfort

Rudolf III. von Montfort (* between 1260 and 1275; † March 27 or 28, 1334 in Arbon ) was bishop of Chur (1322–1325) and Constance (1322–1334). He came from the young Montfort- Feldkirch line of the Swabian counts of Montfort .

Life

family

Rudolf was the son of Rudolf II. († 1302), Count of Montfort-Feldkirch, a sideline of the Count Palatine of Tübingen , and Agnes von Grüningen, daughter of Count Hartmann II of Grüningen . He studied law in Bologna in 1303 . After the early death of their brother Hugo IV († 1310), Rudolf and his younger brother Ulrich II , also a clergyman († 1350), became regents of their underage nephews. In addition, Rudolf had a sister Elizabeth, with the Stewards Eberhard von Waldburg was married.

Spiritual and political work

Rudolf's spiritual career was largely similar to that of his uncle Friedrich von Montfort († 1290): Rudolf had been a canon from 1283 and provost of the cathedral in Chur from 1307 ; In 1310 he was appointed vicar general and deputy to the bishop of Chur. After the death of Chur bishop Siegfried von Gelnhausen († 1321) Rudolf was elected his successor and took office on July 19, 1322. However, he was already in October 1322 by Pope John XXII. appointed Bishop of Constance. He kept the office of Bishop of Chur as administrator until he was succeeded on July 12, 1325 by the Constance canon Johann Pfefferhard . From 1330 to 1333 he was also the administrator of the Abbey of St. Gallen , who had another uncle, Wilhelm von Montfort († 1301), as prince abbot from 1281 to 1301 .

After the double election in 1318, the Bishop's chair in Constance had been vacant for four years. Therefore, the financial situation of the diocese was shattered when Rudolf took office. Rudolf set about restructuring the finances of the bishopric and improving ecclesiastical and religious life in his diocese.

In the throne dispute between Ludwig the Bavarian and the Habsburg Frederick the Fair , Rudolf and his brother Ulrich, contrary to the traditional attitude of the Counts of Montfort, sided with the Habsburgs. In the dispute between King Ludwig and the Pope, he and his cathedral chapter were on the papal side. After the imperial city of Constance took the side of Ludwig and he made peace with the Habsburgs after his coronation, Rudolf got caught between the fronts. In 1332 he bowed to the increasing pressure and agreed to receive the regalia from Emperor Ludwig . In 1333 the Pope, like all followers of Ludwig, banned him from church and withdrew the administration of the St. Gallen Abbey. As Rudolf was excommunicated, he was buried in unconsecrated ground in Arbon in 1334. It was not until Bishop Heinrich III. von Brandis had him reburied in the Konstanz Minster right at the beginning of his tenure in 1357 .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Brigitte Degler-Spengler:  Rudolf von Montfort. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 175 f. ( Digitized version ).
  2. ^ Andreas Bihrer:  Rudolf von Montfort. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 23, Bautz, Nordhausen 2004, ISBN 3-88309-155-3 , Sp. 1215-1221.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  3. ↑ See WUB Volume VI, No. 1833, pp. 228-229, WUB online
  4. ↑ See WUB Volume VII, No. 2520, pages 381-382, WUB online
  5. ↑ The evidence of 1283 as a canon (see Brigitte Degler-Spengler) excludes a birth around 1275 (see Veronika Feller-Vest) and suggests a year of birth around 1268.
  6. ^ Brigitte Degler-Spengler:  Rudolf von Montfort. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 175 f. ( Digitized version ).
  7. ^ Brigitte Degler-Spengler:  Rudolf von Montfort. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 175 f. ( Digitized version ).
predecessor Office successor
Siegfried von Gelnhausen Bishop of Chur
1322–1325 		Johannes I. Pfefferhard
Konrad von Klingenberg Bishop of Constance
1322–1334 		Albert II. Von Hohenberg / Nikolaus von Frauenfeld
(double choice)
Hiltbold von Werstein Abbot of St. Gallen
1330–1333 (administrator) 		Hermann von Bonstetten
personal data
SURNAME Rudolf III. from Montfort
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rudolf II of Montfort
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Chur (1322–1325) and Constance (1322–1334)
DATE OF BIRTH around 1268
DATE OF DEATH March 27, 1334 or March 28, 1334
Place of death Arbon