Johannes Schallermann

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John Schaller man (* 1373 in Soest , † 5. August 1465 ) was as V. John Bishop of Gurk .

Life

Johannes Schallermann comes from a middle class family from Soest in Westphalia and was a cleric in the Archdiocese of Cologne . In 1401 he studied in Heidelberg , where his compatriot, the Bishop of Regensburg , also from Soest , Konrad Koler, held the rectorate. From 1411, Schallermann taught in Vienna , where he subsequently held the dean of the law faculty three times. As a theologian he took part in the Council of Constance and was councilor to Duke Friedrich IV of Austria-Tyrol and court chaplain to King Sigismund of Luxembourg. Duke Albrecht V sent him to Rome on a diplomatic mission and between 1431 and 1432 he was employed at the Roman Curia . In 1428 it came into the possession of the rich Krems parish , and later also from Kappel and Ybbs. In 1431 he became canon, later provost in Brixen . In 1432 he was appointed envoy to the French King Charles VII by the Basel Council and Duke Friedrich IV .

After the death of Gurker Bishop Ernst Auer in 1432, there was long confusion over the succession: the Archbishop of Salzburg nominated the Salzburg canon Hermann of Gnas , Duke Frederick IV of Austria beat his proven Chancellor and Bishop of Lavant. Lorenz von Lichtenberg before , which was also recognized by the Gurk Cathedral Chapter on May 4, 1432. The contending parties turned to Pope Eugene IV , and the Austrian duke sent Schallermann as his negotiator. To everyone's surprise, on January 28, 1433, the Pope appointed the elderly Johannes Schallermann as the new Gurk bishop. The disappointed parties now united to joint and unauthorized action. The Duke rejected Schallermann because he would have worked as procurator in Rome for his own appointment. And the Archbishop of Salzburg insisted on his candidate Lichtenberg. In 1433 Lichtenberg declared to the Gurk chapter not to vacate his rights and possessions. Only after a two-year wait did the Basel Council agree to the decision of the Pope on March 31, 1435. On May 22nd, 1435, Schallermann was finally ordained bishop by Archbishop Fantinus Vallaressius of Crete in Basel and on July 8th the council declared the consecrated to be the rightful bishop of Gurk. Lichtenberg, who refused to submit, was banned and had to give up his diocese. On June 6, 1436, a settlement was reached in Wiener Neustadt and Schallermann was obliged to pay Lichtenberg a pension.

Grave of Bishops Sonnenberger and Schallermann in Strasbourg

Pope Eugene IV revoked this compensation and set Lichtenberg for the loss of Gurk as Bishop of Lavant. In the interests of peace, Hermann Gnas renounced his office as bishop and received pension payments from Schallermann. However, Lichtenberg did not finally renounce the Gurk diocese until 1445.

Schallermann took over a diocese that had been completely plundered by Lichtenberg. This was especially true for the residential palace of Strasbourg , in which the bishop found nothing except the walls and walls.

Schallermann had a close relationship with his sovereign, Friedrich III. In 1441 he stayed at his court in Graz and took part in his coronation in Aachen the following year . In 1444 Frederick paid a visit to the bishop of Gurk in Strasbourg. On March 18, he took part in Frederick's coronation as emperor in Rome and was allowed to ride directly behind Friedrich when he entered the city.

The main merit of Bishop Schallermann was the construction of today's Collegiate Church of St. Nicholas in Strasbourg , which began in 1439. In 1457 the tower was completed. In 1451 he received the famous crusade preacher Johannes Capistranus in his diocese and from then on became one of his special friends and patrons.

In the autumn of 1453, the already 80-year-old Schallermann renounced his office as bishop and retired into private life. He lived another twelve years and died on August 5, 1465. He was buried in a double grave next to his successor Sonnenberger in the Strasbourg collegiate church, which he had built but not yet completed .

literature

personal data
SURNAME Schallermann, Johannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Gurk
DATE OF BIRTH 1373
PLACE OF BIRTH Soest
DATE OF DEATH August 5, 1465
Place of death Vienna