Alois Friedrich von Brühl

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Aloysius Friedrich von Brühl

Alois (Aloys) Friedrich Graf von Brühl (born July 31, 1739 in Dresden , † January 31, 1793 in Berlin ) was a senior civil servant in Poland and later a theater writer in the Electorate of Saxony .

Life

He came from the Saxon-Thuringian noble family von Brühl , who was raised to the rank of count in the 18th century, and was the son of Heinrich Graf von Brühl and Maria Anna, née. Countess von Kolowrat-Krakowsky (1717–1762). In order to secure the power of his father in Poland, he let his son join the Polish nobility ( Szlachta ) as a child . At the age of eleven, the talented Alois von Brühl was appointed governor (Starost) in Warsaw , later he held the position of royal cupbearer (1761–1763) and crown general field witness. From 1763 to 1788 he was general of the royal artillery. The father often sent him on diplomatic missions. Brühl had a very positive effect on developments in Warsaw and on artillery. After the death of his father in 1763 he lost all of his state offices in the Kingdom of Poland and in the Electorate of Saxony . After his coronation by Stanislaus II August Poniatowski, he received some of the Polish offices back. In 1776 he founded an artillery school in Warsaw. He was also active in charities. During his time in Warsaw, he mostly stayed in his palace in Młociny , located north of the city on the embankment of the Vistula (today in the Warsaw district of Bielany ). In 1790 he moved from Warsaw to his rule Pförten . Here he devoted himself more to his passion, the theater . He wrote numerous comedies for his private theater in Pförten, in which he also appeared as an actor .

" Alois Friedrich ..., Polish crown field master, who distinguished himself through beauty and physical strength as a painter, mathematician and poet "

- Hellmuth Rößler, 1955

family

His first, politically motivated marriage was to Marianna Klementyna Potocka , the daughter of the Kiev voivode Franciszek Salezy Potocki . The wedding took place in 1760 at the Potocki Castle in Krystynopol (today: Chervonohrad ). In 1780, after the death of his first wife, he married her extensive cousin Maria Teresa Potocka and, after her death in 1783, Josefa Christiana Anna Countess Schaffgotsch . From the second marriage came a daughter: Theresa (born November 8, 1784, † March 8, 1844). She married Count Franz Anton I of Thun and Hohenstein on September 5, 1808 (* October 3, 1786, † January 18, 1873). Friedrich August Graf von Brühl (1791-1856) came from his marriage to Josefa Schaffgotsch .

In the early 1880s, Józef Ignacy Kraszewski wrote a historical novel about Brühl: The Governor of Warsaw .

Works

  • Theatrical Amusements , 5 volumes, 1785–1790

References and comments

  1. ↑ according to Regionalne Stowarzyszenia Promocji Łomianek (ed.), Ewa Pustoły-Kozłowska (editorial director), (PDF; 703 kB) in: Spacerownik po Łomiankach, (spacer 2), p. 20ff. (in Polish)
  2. ↑ Jerzy Kowalczyk, The importance of the Wettin royal court for cultural and artistic exchange, Saxony in Poland - Poland in Saxony in: Rex Rexheuser (ed.), The personal unions of Saxony-Poland 1697-1763 and Hanover-England 1714-1837. A comparison , Harrassowitz, ISBN 3-447-05168-X , Wiesbaden 2005, p. 216
  3. ↑ Hellmuth Rößler:  Brühl, Heinrich, Reichsgraf. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , pp. 660-662 ( digitized version ).
  4. ^ Franciszek Salezy Potocki (1700–1772) was a Polish-Lithuanian magnate and voivode of Kiev
  5. ↑ according to Neill Jeffaries based on Brockhaus and DNB (PDF; 102 kB)
  6. ^ Original edition: Starosta Warszawski (obrazy historyczne z XVIII wieku) , German translation by Kristiane Lichtenfeld, ISBN 3-7466-1311-6 , Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 2003

literature

  • Johann Georg Meusel : Lexicon of the German writers who died from 1750 to 1800 . Volume 1, 1802. pp. 625–627 ( GBS )
  • Hans von Krosigk: Karl Graf von Brühl, General Director of the Royal Drama, later of the museums in Berlin and his parents. Pictures of life based on the manuscripts of the Seifersdorf archive . Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1910
  • Juliusz Dudziak : "Alojzy Fryderyk von Brühl (1739–1793), Zielona Góra 2010

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Brühl, Alois Friedrich von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Brühl, Alois Friedrich Graf von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German theater writer
DATE OF BIRTH July 31, 1739
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH January 31, 1793
Place of death Berlin