Brühl (noble family)
Brühl is the name of an old Saxon - Thuringian noble family with ancestral home on Gangloffsommern in Thuringia. The Lords of Brühl belong to the ancient nobility . Branches of the family still exist today.
history
Little is known about the oldest history of this family. The family was first mentioned in 1344 with Heinrich from the Brühl . He is named in a document as Ministerialer of the Counts von Hohnstein . Even later, the guiding name Heinrich was often given to members of the family.
Heinrich von Brühl († 1446) owned the Wenigen-Tennstedt estate and was first documented in 1424. The line of the genus begins with him . His descendant, Heinrich von Brühl, acquired the saddle farm at Gangloffsommern near Weissensee around 1470 . Gangloffsümmern was the family seat for a long time.
In addition, in 1464 a Johannes Brühl (senior) acquired the Pakosław ( Greater Poland ) estate , his son Johannes Brühl (jun.), In 1496 with his wife Balice Banarowna, heiress of Oświęcim , as the companion of the king's daughter Barbara of Poland (later wife of the duke George of Saxony ), left Poland for Saxony . With this Polish proof of ancestry, the name Brühl-Oswiecino was also in use in the 18th century .
At the end of the 17th century the ancestral seat was owned by the Saxon-Weißenfels Oberhofmarschall and "Real Secret Council " Hans Moritz von Brühl . His son, who was born there, was the well-known Heinrich von Brühl (1700–1763). He had been in court service at the Electorate of Saxony since 1719 and rose quickly through the favor of Augustus the Strong . For almost two decades, Brühl was one of the most powerful men in the Electorate of Saxony as Prime Minister and Chamberlain . Brühl's financial policy, which was not stopped even by his weak-willed prince, led Saxony into financial disaster. In this position Heinrich von Brühl was raised to the rank of imperial count in 1737 (like his three older brothers on April 16, 1738) .
The two youngest of the four brothers founded two lines, an older Saxon line based on the Saxon governor Friedrich Wilhelm von Brühl and a younger Saxon-Prussian line based on Prime Minister Heinrich von Brühl. The goods Gangloffsömmern , Forst , Pförten bei Sorau and Schloss Seifersdorf bei Wachau remained in the possession of the old line . From 1909 a branch line was named Brühl-Renard . It expired in 1923 in the male line. Today the family is ramified.
coat of arms
- The family coat of arms shows a silver rafter in blue . Five natural peacock feathers on the crowned helmet. The helmet covers are blue-silver.
- The count's coat of arms from 1773 is quartered. Fields 1 and 4 split by gold and red, covered with a gold-crowned double-headed eagle, the right half of which is black, the left half is silver, 2 and 3 in blue the silver rafter (coat of arms). 3 helmets: on the right with blue and silver covers five natural Plauen feathers (trunk helmet), on the middle one with black and gold covers on the right and red and silver covers on the left, on the left one with red and silver covers a gold crowned, black and Gold pillar divided five times, set with three natural peacock feathers. Shield holder: two inward-looking, crowned golden lions.
|
Known family members
- Hans Moritz von Brühl (Oberhofmarschall) (1665–1727), Privy Councilor and Chief Steward of the Duke of Saxony-Weißenfels and Chief Captain of the Principality of Saxony-Querfurt and the Thuringian State Portion
- Friedrich Wilhelm von Brühl (1699–1760), royal Prussian and electoral Saxon Privy Councilor and governor in Thuringia
- Heinrich von Brühl (1700–1763), Prime Minister of Saxony and Chamberlain
- Hans Moritz von Brühl (1736–1809), Saxon envoy to London, scientist, publicist and patron
- Alois Friedrich von Brühl (1739–1793), German theater writer
- Carl Adolph von Brühl (1742–1802), royal Saxon and Prussian lieutenant general, educator Friedrich Wilhelm III. and from his siblings
- Hanns Moritz von Brühl (1746–1811), Saxon nobleman and manor owner in Seifersdorf (Wachau) near Radeberg, translator and draftsman
- Christina von Brühl (1756–1816), writer and garden architect, initiator of the garden scenes and monuments in the Seifersdorfer Valley
- Carl von Brühl (Hans Moritz II., 1772–1837), Prussian privy councilor, general manager of the royal theater in Berlin 1815–1828 and general manager of the museums from 1829, Count von Seifersdorf (Wachau) from 1816 to 1837
- Marie von Brühl (1779–1836), wife of the Prussian general and military theorist Carl von Clausewitz
- Wilhelm von Brühl (1788–1867), Prussian lieutenant general
- Friedrich von Brühl (1791-1859), Prussian lieutenant general
- Carl von Brühl (1818–1858), son of Carl von Brühl (1772–1837)
- Friedrich Stephan von Brühl (1819–1893), from 1851 member and from 1879 chairman of the Lower Lusatia municipal council and 1851/76 member of the old and then the new parliament of the province of Brandenburg, chairman of the Lower Lusatia state
- Friedrich-Franz von Brühl (1848–1911), member of the Prussian manor house and the Niederlausitz assembly of estates
- Hans Moritz von Brühl (1849–1911), Lieutenant General
- Ferdinand von Brühl (1851–1911), major general
- Franz von Brühl (1852–1928), administrative lawyer
- Karl von Brühl-Renard (1853–1923), son of Carl von Brühl (1818–1858)
- Alfred von Brühl (1862–1922), painter in Düsseldorf and director of the Königsberg Art Academy
- Friedrich-Joseph von Brühl (1875–1949), hereditary member of the Prussian manor and entertainer
- Friedrich-August von Brühl (1913–1981), Lieutenant Colonel in the Bundeswehr
- Dietrich von Brühl (1925–2010), German diplomat
- Christine von Brühl (* 1962), German author and journalist.
Heinrich Graf von Brühl (1700–1763), Prime Minister of Saxony
Alois Friedrich von Brühl (1739–1793), theater writer
Carl Graf von Brühl (1772–1837), general director of the theaters and museums in Berlin
Marie von Clausewitz b. Countess von Brühl (1779–1836)
Possessions
The Prime Minister's father, Hans Moritz von Brühl , only owned a small manor in Gangloffsömmern , where Heinrich von Brühl was also born; later one of his brothers took it over. These, Hans Moritz von Brühl (General) , Friedrich Wilhelm von Brühl and Johann Adolph von Brühl , acquired or built a number of important palaces and castles during the reign of their youngest brother - like the latter himself. ( See : Heinrich von Brühl , section Buildings and possessions .) The Free Standesherrschaft Forst-Pförten in Niederlausitz remained in the possession of the Counts of Brühl until the expropriation in 1945, as did Seifersdorf Castle near Dresden , which belongs to the younger line . Most of the remaining possessions of the ex-prime minister, who was heavily indebted when he died in 1763 and whose possessions were also partially confiscated, were soon sold by the heirs, also as a result of a dispute with the Saxon state, including the Palais Brühl in Dresden and the Palais Brühl-Marcolini , Nischwitz Castle near Leipzig and Lindenau Castle and Oberlichtenau Castle in Upper Lusatia.
- Pförten Castle (owned by the family until 1945)
- Seifersdorf Castle near Dresden (owned by the family until 1945)
- Palais Brühl , Dresden
- Brühl's Palais , Warsaw
- Brühl Palace in Młociny (now Warsaw)
- Martinskirchen Castle
Ruins of the Pförten Castle
Palais Brühl , Dresden
Martinskirchen Castle
literature
- Otto Hupp : Munich Calendar 1923. Munich / Regensburg Publishing House 1923.
- Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Gräfliche Häuser 1917. p. 169.
- Genealogical manual of the nobility . Nobility Lexicon. Volume II, Volume 58 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag , Limburg (Lahn) 1974, ISSN 0435-2408 .
- Heinrich Graf von Brühl and the Lordship of Forst-Pförten , publisher Brandenburgisches Textilmuseum Forst (Lausitz), 2003.
- Alojzy Fryderyk von Brühl 1739–1793. Juliusz Dudziak, Zielona Góra, 2010 ISBN 978-83-929767-0-7 .
- Maria Emanuel Duke of Saxony : Patronage in Saxony. Verlag Weidlich, Frankfurt am Main 1968, own chapter on the von Brühl family, pp. 14–16, 43–45.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Heydenreich, Codex diplom. Hohenst., A VIII, 2d, No. 1, p. 148
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original dated December 11, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.