Raymond Aubrac
Raymond Aubrac (born July 31, 1914 in Lyon , † April 10, 2012 in Paris ) was a French civil engineer and leading member of the Resistance .
Life
Aubrac was born to Jewish parents under the name Raymond Samuel . After graduating, he worked as a civil engineer in Strasbourg . In 1939 he married Lucie Aubrac .
After the attack by the Wehrmacht on France and the defeat in 1940 , he and his wife founded the Resistance group Liberation Sud in Lyon. In 1941, this group merged with that of Emmanuel d'Astier de la Vigerie to create the underground newspaper Liberation . In 1943 the couple joined the Armée secrète , Charles Delestraint's secret army . Aubrac's Jewish parents were deported and died in Auschwitz . Raymond lived under the code names Vallet , Ermelin and Balmont . He was promoted to army chief when Charles Delestraint was arrested on June 9 in Paris .
On March 15, 1943, Raymond Aubrac was arrested by the Milice française of the Vichy regime and released shortly afterwards. On June 21, the Gestapo arrested him again, this time together with Jean Moulin and seven other high-ranking members of the Resistance, in Caluire-et-Cuire on the outskirts of Lyon. Aubrac was abducted to Fort Montluc , tortured, interrogated and sentenced to death by the notorious Gestapo chief of Lyon, Klaus Barbie . On October 21, 1943, Lucie and her comrades liberated Raymond along with thirteen other resists. Because they had been betrayed, Lucie fled to London with her first child and Raymond in February 1944 . The couple then kept the name Aubrac , it was the last alias they had used in France before they fled.
During the liberation of France, General Charles de Gaulle appointed Raymond Aubrac as commissioner for Marseille from 1944 to 1945 . Until 1948, Aubrac worked at the Ministry of Reconstruction, where he was responsible for demining across France and for programs to exploit unused building permits.
Aubrac, who lifelong affiliated with the political left and was close to the Communist Party without having been a member, founded a study and research office for modern industry. He also served as a senior official in the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in Rome . Since March 2009 he has also been involved in the newly established Russell Tribunal on the question of Palestine .
Web links
- Literature by and about Raymond Aubrac in the catalog of the German National Library
- Short biography (in English)
- Short biography (in English)
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Aubrac, Raymond |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Samuel, Raymond; Vallet, Raymond (alias); Ermelin, Raymond (alias); Balmont, Raymond (alias) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French resistance fighter, member of the Resistance |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 31, 1914 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Lyon |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 10, 2012 |
| Place of death | Paris |