Lida Gustava Heymann

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Lida Gustava Heymann (1900)

Lida Gustava Heymann (born March 15, 1868 in Hamburg ; died July 31, 1943 in Zurich ) was a German suffragette .

Life

With her work and life partner Anita Augspurg , she was one of the prominent representatives of the bourgeois women's movement . Lida G. Heymann was among other things on the board of the Association of Progressive Women's Associations. Along with Anita Augspurg, she is also the initiator of the Association for Women's Suffrage , which was founded in Hamburg in 1902 and which developed into a focus of the German women's movement at the turn of the century.

In her hometown of Hamburg, she had already set up a women's center with funds from her inheritance before the turn of the century, which offered working women a lunch menu, as well as a daycare center and an advice center. She later co-founded a co-educational grammar school and set up professional associations for female commercial employees and female stage artists.

As a co-founder of the abolitionist movement in Germany, she came into conflict with the law when she protested in Hamburg against the treatment of prostitutes and demanded the abolition of state regulations on prostitution. Parallel to Anna Pappritz in Berlin, she founded a branch of the International Abolitionist Federation in Hamburg.

In 1902, together with Anita Augspurg, she was one of the founders of the German Association for Women's Suffrage . Until shortly before the outbreak of the First World War , the couple exercised a great influence in the fragmented German women's suffrage movement .

Heymann achieved international significance as a co-founder of the 1915 Women's Congress on Peace in The Hague.

Together with Augspurg, Hermann published the magazine Frau im Staat in Germany from 1919 to 1933 , in which pacifist, democratic and feminist positions were represented. Although Heymann never joined a party or became involved in party politics after an interlude in the Liberal Association, she harbored abstract sympathies for social democratic and socialist ideas. In 1888 she had already received August Bebel's work “ The Woman and Socialism ”.

In 1923, Lida Gustava Heymann and Anita Augspurg demanded that Adolf Hitler be expelled from Germany. During Hitler's " seizure of power " in 1933, both were on a trip abroad from which they never returned to Germany. The property of both was confiscated. The library and all documents from the decades of work by Heymann and Augspurg in the national and international women's movement were lost.

Heymann and Augspurg settled in Zurich. From 1937 Augspurg was in need of a lot of care. Heymann wrote down the shared memories under the title "Experienced-Seen" until 1941. Heymann died of cancer in 1943. She was buried in the Fluntern cemetery.

Publication of Heymann and Augspurg's memoirs

Manuscript of the memoirs by Anita Augspurg and Lida Gustava Heymann: "Experienced - Seen! Parts 1 and 2" from the beginning of 1941

Three manuscripts of Heymann and Augspurg's memoirs have survived: two copies with different dates in the possession of Heymann's nephew and one copy that is now in the archive of the German women's movement and originally from Anna Rieper, a friend of Heymann and Augspurg and former chairman of the IFFF local group Hamburg. The memoirs were first published in 1972 by the political scientist Margrit Twellmann , who had determined the whereabouts of the manuscripts.

Honors

Fonts (selection)

Brochure Equal Rights, Women's Suffrage. Wake up you German women of all classes of all parties! (1907) of the German Association for Women's Suffrage, written by Lida Gustava Heymann
  • Women's suffrage, a demand for justice! Women's suffrage, a demand of social necessity! Women's suffrage, a demand of culture! Munich 1907. ( Digitized and full text in the German text archive )
  • The municipal voting rights of women in the German Empire . Kastner and Callwey Verlag, Munich 1910.
  • Will women's participation in men's political parties promote women's suffrage? Dietrich Verlag, Gautzsch b. Leipzig 1911 ( digitized and full text in the German text archive )
  • Women's suffrage and international understanding . Leipzig 1919 (= After the World War. Writings on the Reorientation of Foreign Policy, Vol. 9). ( Digitized and full text in the German text archive )
  • Lida Gustava Heymann: Experienced - Seen. German women fight for freedom, justice and peace, 1850-1940 . in collaboration with Anita Augspurg. Ed .: Margrit Twellmann . Helmer, Frankfurt am Main 1992, ISBN 3-927164-43-7 , p. 111 (first edition: 1972).

literature

  • Anna Dünnebier , Ursula Scheu : The rebellion is a woman. Anita Augspurg and Lida G. Heymann. The most colorful couple in the women's movement. Hugendubel Verlag, 2002, ISBN 3-7205-2294-6 .
  • Sabine Hoffkamp: Heymann, Lida . In: Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke (Hrsg.): Hamburgische Biographie . tape 5 . Wallstein, Göttingen 2010, ISBN 978-3-8353-0640-0 , p. 188-190 .
  • Susanne Kinnebrock: "You feel as if you were spiritually a living corpse". Lida Gustava Heymann (1868–1943) a genuinely female exile experience? , in: Markus Behmer (Hrsg.): German Journalism in Exile 1933 to 1945: People, Positions, Perspectives; Festschrift for Ursula E. Koch . Lit, Münster 2000, pp. 108-133.
  • Christina Lipke: Lida Heymann, women's rights activist. In: Olaf Matthes / Ortwin Pelc : People in the Revolution. Hamburg portraits 1918/19. Husum Verlag, Husum 2018, ISBN 978-3-89876-947-1 , pp. 71-74.
  • Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss (Hrsg.): Biographical manual of the German-speaking emigration after 1933. Volume 1: Politics, economy, public life . Saur, Munich 1980, p. 294.
  • Hiltrud Schroeder : "The feeling that we had to be united was overwhelming." Anita Augspurg (1857–1943) and Lida Gustava Heymann (1868–1943). In: Luise F. Pusch, Joey Horsley (Ed.): Famous women couples . Frankfurt / Main. Suhrkamp, ​​2005, pp. 96-136.

Web links

supporting documents

  1. ^ Lida Gustava Heymann in collaboration with Anita Augspurg, edited by Margrit Twellmann: Erlebtes, sichautes. German women fight for freedom, justice and peace, Ulrike Helmer Verlag, Maisenheim am Glan 1972, 2nd edition, Frankfurt / M. 1992, ISBN 3-927164-43-7 , p. 46.
  2. ^ Margrit Twellmann: Foreword . In: Margrit Twellmann (Ed.): Lida Gustava Heymann in collaboration with Anita Augspurg: Erlebtes-bewautes. German women fight for freedom, justice and peace 1850-1940 . Helmer, Frankfurt am Main 1992, ISBN 3-927164-43-7 , p. 5–6, here 5 .
  3. ^ Christiane Henke: Anita Augspurg . Rowohlt, Reinbek near Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-499-50423-5 , p. 133-135 .
  4. ↑ Sabine Hoffkamp: UNERHÖRT (e) consequences - impulse women's history. An echo of the work of Dr. Margrit Twellmann . In: Ariadne . No. 65 , 2014, p. 16–21, here 19–20 .
  5. ↑ report.aspx. (No longer available online.) In: amsquery.stadt-zuerich.ch. Archived from the original on December 16, 2013 ; Retrieved December 17, 2013 .
  6. ↑ Fluntern Cemetery - City of Zurich. Retrieved October 21, 2018 (see Graves of Celebrities).
  7. ↑ other 30. In: Debemur morti nos nostraque - ne mortem timueritis! Retrieved on October 21, 2018 (see section on Anita Augspurg).
personal data
SURNAME Heymann, Lida Gustava
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German women's rights activist
DATE OF BIRTH March 15, 1868
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH July 31, 1943
Place of death Zurich