Bas-Rhin department

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bas-Rhin
Coat of arms of the Bas-Rhin department
Finistère Côtes-d’Armor Ille-et-Vilaine Morbihan Loire-Atlantique Vendée Manche Mayenne Orne Calvados Maine-et-Loire Sarthe Indre-et-Loire Vienne Deux-Sèvres Indre Loir-et-Cher Eure Eure-et-Loir Seine-Maritime Oise Aisne Somme Pas-de-Calais Nord Ardennes Marne Meuse Meurthe-et-Moselle Haute-Marne Vosges Moselle Haut-Rhin Bas-Rhin Territoire de Belfort Cher Loiret Yonne Aube Côte-d’Or Nièvre Haute-Saône Essonne Yvelines Seine-et-Marne Val-d’Oise Hauts-de-Seine Val-de-Marne Seine-Saint-Denis Paris Doubs Jura Saône-et-Loire Allier Creuse Haute-Vienne Charente Charente-Maritime Corrèze Dordogne Gironde Puy-de-Dôme Loire Rhône Ain Haute-Savoie Cantal Lot Savoie Haute-Loire Isère Ardèche Landes Lot-et-Garonne Hautes-Alpes Drôme Alpes-Maritimes Var Alpes-de-Haute-Provence Vaucluse Bouches-du-Rhône Gard Hérault Lozère Aveyron Tarn Tarn-et-Garonne Gers Pyrènèes-Atlantiques Hautes-Pyrénées Aude Pyrénées-Orientales Haute-Garonne Ariège Haute-Corse Corse-du-Sud Vereinigtes Königreich Andorra Guernsey Jersey Niederlande Belgien Luxemburg Deutschland Liechtenstein Monaco Österreich Schweiz Italien SpanienLocation of the Bas-Rhin department in France
About this picture
region Grand Est
prefecture Strasbourg
Sub-prefecture (s) Haguenau
Molsheim
Saverne
Sélestat
Strasbourg
Residents 1,125,559 (Jan. 1, 2017)
Population density 237 inhabitants per km²
surface 4,756.86 km²
Arrondissements 5
Community associations 25th
Cantons 23
Communities 514
President of the
Department Council
Frédéric Bierry ( UMP )
ISO-3166-2 code FR-67
Location of the Bas-Rhin
Location of the Bas-Rhin department in the
region of Grand Est

The department Bas-Rhin [ bɑˈʀɛ̃ ] (literally Lower Rhine ) is the French department with the serial number 67. It is located in the north-east of the country in the Grand Est region . Together with the Haut-Rhin department , it forms the Alsace . The names of both departments come from the course of the Rhine in France, which forms its state border with Germany . In German usage, Bas-Rhin is also known as Lower Alsace .

According to a survey in 2013, 46% of the residents still spoke an Alemannic or Franconian dialect, more than in the neighboring departments of Haut-Rhin and Moselle .

The departments of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin are (as of March 18, 2020) the departments in France most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic .

geography

The department borders on the state of Rhineland-Palatinate to the north, the state of Baden-Württemberg in the east, the Haut-Rhin department in the south, the Vosges and Meurthe-et-Moselle departments in the south-west and the Moselle department in the west .

The department is located in the north of Alsace . The eastern border of the department is formed by the Rhine , in the west the northern foothills of the Vosges run through the department. In the north it borders on the Palatinate Forest and the Lauter .

history

Foundation and older history

The department was formed during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790 from the northern part of the then existing province of Alsace . It was divided into the four districts (French districts ) Haguenau, Benfeld, Strasbourg and Wissembourg, the forerunners of the arrondissements . The department and the districts were divided into 32 cantons and had about 400,000 inhabitants. Strasbourg was already the capital at that time .

After the annexation of the county of Saar Werden by France in 1794 (today Alsace bossue / Krummes Alsace ), Sarre-Union was founded as the fifth district. The district of Schlettstadt emerged from the Benfeld district.

The arrondissements (German municipal districts ) Barr (instead of Schlettstadt), Saverne (instead of Sarre-Union), Strasbourg and Wissembourg were established on February 17, 1800. On February 10, 1806 Barr was again replaced by Schlettstadt.

In 1809 63 or 66 families, most of whom came from the southern Palatinate , which was devastated by the Napoleonic Wars , accepted the invitation of Tsar Alexander I and emigrated to Russia, where they founded the mother colony in Landau . Most of the Alsatian families came from the canton of Weißenburg , the Palatinate from the districts of Germersheim , Bergzabern , Landau and Pirmasens .

Through the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the department lost a northern part that today belongs to the southern Palatinate, including the city of Landau in the Palatinate .

District of Lower Alsace in the German Empire

District of Lower Alsace 1890

From May 10, 1871 ( Peace of Frankfurt ) to June 28, 1919 ( Peace Treaty of Versailles ), the department was part of the German Empire . As the district of Lower Alsace , it belonged to the realm of Alsace-Lorraine . The district was divided into the eight districts of Erstein, Hagenau , Molsheim , Schlettstadt, Strasbourg (city) , Strasbourg (country) , Weißenburg (as before) and Zabern (as before). The district covered 4,778 km² and in 1885 had 612,077 inhabitants.

A district president was at the head of the district. District presidents were:

president Term of office
Friedrich of Luxburg 1870–1871 ( acting )
Adolf Ernst von Ernsthausen 1871-1875
Carl Ledderhose 1875-1880
Otto Back 1880-1886
Joseph Philipp von Stichaner 1886-1889
Julius von Freyberg-Eisenberg 1889-1898
Alexander Halm 1898-1907
Otto Pöhlmann 1907-1918

The parliament in the district was the district day . This elected 10 members (from 1879: 13) to the regional committee of the Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine until 1911 with the constitution of the state parliament.

Since the end of the First World War

Map of Bas-Rhin with arrondissements (1974-2014)

After the German Reich lost World War I , the Lower Alsace district became French again. The subdivision into districts (= arrondissements) was completely adopted by the French Republic. The district of Zabern became the arrondissement of Saverne, Strasbourg (city) to Strasbourg-Ville, Strasbourg (country) to Strasbourg-Campagne and Schlettstadt to Sélestat.

Structure 1974 to 2014

On May 24, 1974, the arrondissements of Erstein and Sélestat were merged to Sélestat-Erstein with the administrative seat of Sélestat . From then until December 31, 2014, the Bas-Rhin department was divided into 7 arrondissements , 44 cantons and 527 communes .

On January 1, 2015, the Haguenau and Wissembourg arrondissements were merged into Haguenau-Wissembourg with the Haguenau administrative center . Strasbourg-Ville and Strasbourg-Campagne were combined to form the Strasbourg arrondissement . The arrondissements were redesigned, only Sélestat-Erstein remained unchanged.

Arrondissement
(1974-2014)
Population
(2017)
Area
(km²)
Population density
( population / km²)
Cantons Communities
Haguenau 241,346 666 362.4 3 56
Molsheim 103,783 745 139.3 5 69
Saverne 129.105 1.003 128.7 6th 128
Sélestat-Erstein 157.236 981 160.3 7th 101
Strasbourg Campagne 684 8th 104
Strasbourg-Ville 494.089 78 6,334.5 10 1
Wissembourg 598 5 68

1960–2015 Alsace formed its own region, since then the department has belonged to the Grand Est region .

Cities

The most populous municipalities in the department are:

city Population
(2017)
Arrondissement
Strasbourg (Strasbourg) 280.966 Strasbourg
Haguenau (Hagenau) 34,504 Haguenau-Wissembourg
Schiltigheim 31,894 Strasbourg
Illkirch-Graffenstaden (Illkirch-Grafenstaden) 26,780
Sélestat (Schlettstadt) 19,252 Sélestat-Erstein
Lingolsheim 18,324 Strasbourg
Bischheim 17.093
Ostwald 12,604
Bischwiller (Bischweiler) 12,538 Haguenau-Wissembourg
Hœnheim (Hönheim) 11,215 Strasbourg

Administrative division

The Bas-Rhin department is divided into 5 arrondissements , 23 cantons and 514 communes :

Communes and arrondissements in the Bas-Rhin department
Arrondissement Cantons Communities Residents
January 1, 2017
Area
km²
Density of
population / km²
Code
INSEE
Haguenau-Wissembourg 5 141 000000000241346.0000000000241,346 1,424.63 000000000000169.0000000000169 672
Molsheim 3 77 000000000103783.0000000000103,783 771.20 000000000000135.0000000000135 673
Saverne 3 162 000000000129105.0000000000129.105 1,241.00 000000000000104.0000000000104 674
Sélestat-Erstein 5 101 000000000157236.0000000000157.236 980.57 000000000000160.0000000000160 675
Strasbourg 11 33 000000000494089.0000000000494.089 339.46 000000000001456.00000000001,456 678
Bas-Rhin department 23 514 000000001125559.00000000001,125,559 4,756.86 000000000000237.0000000000237 67

See also:

Personalities

Senators of the Bas-Rhin department

Senators of the Bas-Rhin department were or are:

Electoral term Surname Political party
1920-1928 Lazare Weiller
1920-1936 Michel Diebolt-Weber
1920-1936 Frédéric Eccard Parti démocratique républicain du Bas-Rhin
1920-1927 Nicolas Delsor
1920-1927 Émile Taufflieb
1927-1940 Jean de Leusse
1927-1940 Eugène Müller
1928-1940 Hubert Franz Maria von Andlau-Homburg Union republicaine
1935-1940 Jean-Jacques Urban Union republicaine
1936-1940 Joseph Sigrist
1940-1945 There were no senators during the occupation
1946-1947 Alfred Oberkirch
1946-1952 Alfred Westphal
1947-1950 Albert Ehm MRP
1948-1958 René Radius
1948-1959 Robert Hoeffel
1950-1952 Alfred Wehrung
1952-1958 Ernest Koessler
1958 Jean-Philippe Bapst
1959-1995 Louis Jung
1959-1977 Michel Kauffmann
1959-1976 Michel Kistler
1959-1968 Paul Awake
1968-1977 Alfred Kieffer
1976-1977 Armand Kientzi
1977-1991 Paul Kauss
1977-1992 Marcel Rudloff
1978-1981 Jean-Paul Hammann
1992 André Traband
1992-2004 Philippe Richert
1993-1995 Jean-Paul Hammann
1995-2004 Daniel Hoeffel
1996-2004 Joseph Ostermann
2004-2014 Roland Ries PS
2004-2014 Esther Sittler UMP
2005-2010 Philippe Richert
2005-2014 Francis Grignon UMP
2005 – today Fabienne Keller UMP
2010 – today André Reichardt UMP
2014 – today Jacques Bigot PS
2014 – today Guy-Dominique Kennel UMP
2014 – today Claude Kern UDI

coat of arms

Blazon : In red a white diagonal bar with a lily meander on both sides.

Web links

Commons : Département Bas-Rhin  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Bas-Rhin  - Travel Guide

Footnotes

  1. http://www.bas-rhin.fr/le-conseil-departemental/le-cd67/frederic-bierry-president-conseil-departemental-bas-rhin  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. accessed on May 1, 2015.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.bas-rhin.fr  
  2. ^ Etude sur le dialecte alsacien. Accessed February 4, 2014
  3. Comité consultatif pour la promotion des langues régionales et de la pluralité linguistique intern : Redéfinir une politique publique en faveur des langues régionales et de la pluralité linguistique intern . July 2013, p. 94 (French, Rapport Langues de France - comité consultatif [accessed on April 16, 2017]).
  4. FAZ.net March 18, 2020: There are no more Covid 19 beds
  5. ^ A b Karl Stumpp: The emigration from Germany to Russia in the years 1763–1862 . Ed .: Country team of Germans from Russia. 9th edition. 2009, p. 90 .
  6. Beresan District Odessa Newsletter. (PDF; 471 kB) (No longer available online.) June 1996, p. 4 f. , archived from the original on November 13, 2013 ; accessed on December 30, 2013 (English, edition 1.1). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.grhs.org
  7. ^ Alfred Eisfeld: 200 years of settlement of the Germans in the Black Sea area. (PDF; 2.0 MB) Landsmannschaft der Deutschen aus Russia, pp. 5, 17 , accessed on December 30, 2013 .
  8. ^ The settlement manifesto of Alexander I. (No longer available online.) Migrationsmuseum.it, February 20, 1804, archived from the original on December 27, 2013 ; accessed on December 30, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.migrationsmuseum.it
  9. Administrative history
  10. ^ Except for Sélestat-Erstein , all arrondissements have been redesigned.

Coordinates: 48 ° 35 '  N , 7 ° 42'  E