Gironde department

Gironde
region	Nouvelle-Aquitaine
prefecture	Bordeaux
Sub-prefecture (s)	Arcachon Blaye Langon Lesparre-Médoc Libourne
Residents	1,583,384 (Jan. 1, 2017)
Population density	159 inhabitants per km²
surface	9,973.73 km²
Arrondissements	6th
Community associations	28
Cantons	33
Communities	535
President of the Department Council	Jean-Luc Gleyze
ISO-3166-2 code	FR-33
Location of the Gironde in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine

The Gironde [ ʒiʀõːd ] is the French department with the atomic number 33. It is in the west of the country in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine and is named after the estuary Gironde , who in the department by the confluence of the Dordogne and the Garonne arises named.

geography

The department is located in the north of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region and, with an area of ​​9,975 km², forms the second largest French department after French Guiana . The west-east extension is 120 kilometers and the north-south extension 170 kilometers.

The department borders the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Gironde estuary to the north and the Charente-Maritime department . In the east it borders on the Dordogne department , in the southeast on the Lot-et-Garonne department and in the south on the Landes department .

The most important rivers are the Dordogne , which crosses the department from the east, and the Garonne , which flows from the southeast . Both waters join behind the capital Bordeaux to form the Gironde . The Atlantic coast is marked by the estuary of the Gironde in the north, just a few kilometers inland lying lakes of Hourtin-Carcans and Lacanau , the Bay of Arcachon in the south, and the south lying on their sea opening dune of Pilat . The northern part of the coastal area in the triangle between the Gironde estuary, Arcachon Bay and Bordeaux forms the Médoc peninsula . In the west of the department, the pine forests of the Landes de Gascogne extend .

coat of arms

Description : Under a red shield head with a gold running, blue-armored and tongued lion, there is an eight-fold blue-silver stand .

history

The department was formed during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790 from parts of the provinces of Guyenne and Gascogne (mainly the Bordelais and the western part of the Bazadais ). It was divided into seven districts ( French district ), the precursors of the arrondissements : Bazas , Blaye, Bordeaux, Cadillac, Lesparre, Libourne and La Reole. The department and the districts were subdivided into cantons and in 1791 had about 490,000 [?] Inhabitants. The capital was already Bordeaux .

From June 1793 to April 14, 1795, the department was called Bec-d'Ambès.

The arrondissements were built on February 17, 1800. They were Bazas, Blaye , Bordeaux , Lesparre, Libourne and La Reole.

On September 10, 1926, Bazas was replaced by Langon and the arrondissements of Lesparre (to Bordeaux) and La Reole (to Langon) dissolved.

On June 1, 1942, the Lesparre-Médoc arrondissement was rebuilt. From 1944, the German spoke Navy in Gironde-Nord, a Navy hospital that the fortress hospital was expanded.

On January 1, 2007, the Arcachon arrondissement was newly formed with four cantons spun off from the Bordeaux arrondissement.

From 1960 to 2015 it belonged to the Aquitaine region , which in 2016 became part of the Nouvelle Aquitaine region.

Cities

The most populous communes in the Gironde department are:

city	Population (2017)	Arrondissement
Bordeaux	254,436	Bordeaux
Mérignac	70.105	Bordeaux
Pessac	63,808	Bordeaux
Talence	42,606	Bordeaux
Villenave-d'Ornon	34,090	Bordeaux
Saint-Médard-en-Jalles	31,145	Bordeaux
Bègles	28,601	Bordeaux
La Teste-de-Buch	26,078	Arcachon
Gradignan	25,552	Bordeaux
Libourne	24,845	Libourne

Administrative division

Communes and arrondissements in the Gironde department

The Gironde department is divided into 6 arrondissements , 33 cantons and 538 communes :

Arrondissement	Cantons	Communities	Residents January 1, 2017	Area km²	Density of population / km²	Code INSEE
Arcachon	4th	17th	153.033	1,469.79	104	336
Blaye	2	62	90,945	781.86	116	331
Bordeaux	21st	82	961.709	1,521.72	632	332
Langon	4th	196	132.915	2,643.59	50	333
Lesparre-Médoc	2	49	90,339	2,273.90	40	334
Libourne	5	129	154,443	1,282.87	120	335
Gironde department	33	535	1,583,384	9,973.73	159	33

See also:

• List of communes in the Gironde department
• List of cantons in the Gironde department
• List of associations of municipalities in the Gironde department

climate

Coast in the Gironde department

The maritime climate is decisive for the Gironde department: mild winters (between 5 and 7 ° C) and tolerable summer temperatures (19-21 ° C) with rain that is distributed over all seasons (drizzle), with the highest rainfall being measured during winter .

Bordeaux has an average annual rainfall of 820 mm, Lacanau of 935 mm and Coutras inland of 768 mm. The amount of precipitation is highest in the area covered by forest.

The winds come from the southwest or northwest.

The sunshine is particularly intense along the coast, at the Gironde estuary and the Arcachon basin.

Monitoring station: Cap-Ferret on the Bassin d'Arcachon, 700 meters from the sea

maritime climate data	J	F.	M.	A.	M.	J	J	A.	S.	O	N	D.
mean maximum temperature	10	11	14th	16	19th	22nd	25th	25th	23	19th	14th	11
mean low temperature	4th	5	6th	8th	11	14th	16	16	15th	11	7th	5
Number of very sunny days	3	3.5	5	4th	4th	5	7th	6th	6th	5	3	2.5
Number of days with an overcast sky	16	13	12	9	10	7th	6th	6th	8th	9	14th	17th
Number of rainy days	13	12	11	9	10	7th	7th	9	10	10	12	13
Rainfall in mm	90	75	70	55	65	50	35	60	80	85	90	100
Water temperature near the coast	12	11	12	13	15th	18th	20th	21st	20th	18th	16	13

Days per year with

• Rainfalls over 1 mm: 123
• Frost: 15
  • First frost: early December
  • Last frost: early March
• Snow: 2
• Thunderstorm: 18
• Hail: 3

As of 1991

Web links

Commons : Gironde department  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Gironde department (French)
• Prefecture of the Gironde department (French)
• Statistics on the Gironde department

Individual evidence

1. ↑ gironde.fr ( Memento of the original from May 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on May 5, 2015.  
2. ↑ Climate data from: Jean-Noël Darde: Plages et côtes de France. Éditions Balland, Paris 1991.

Coordinates: 44 ° 52 ′  N , 0 ° 33 ′  W