Bischwiller
| Bischwiller | ||
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Bas-Rhin | |
| Arrondissement | Haguenau-Wissembourg | |
| Canton | Bischwiller | |
| Community association | Haguenau | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 46 ′ N , 7 ° 51 ′ E | |
| height | 123-147 m | |
| surface | 17.25 km 2 | |
| Residents | 12,538 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 727 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 67240 | |
| INSEE code | 67046 | |
| Website | www.bischwiller.com | |
 Mairie Bischwiller |
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Bischwiller ( German Bischweiler ) is a French commune with 12,538 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ). It is located in the Haguenau-Wissembourg arrondissement on the Moder .
history
Bischwiller is a foundation of the bishops of Strasbourg, to whom Emperor Heinrich II. Had given uninhabited lands and hunting grounds at the beginning of the 11th century.
A first documented hamlet called "Bischofeswilre" fell victim to a fire in 1263.
At the end of the 13th century, the Strasbourgers handed the land into profane hands; in the High and Late Middle Ages it changed hands several times.
In 1524 the place was bought by the Counts of Pfalz-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld , in whose possession it remained until the French Revolution . Their residence was the Tiefental Castle, which was destroyed in 1795, with an extensive park north of today's Protestant church.
After the introduction of the Reformation, Bischwiller took in numerous Huguenot refugees from Lorraine, the Ardennes and Picardy in the 17th century . Frequently clothiers and cloth merchants by profession, they established a flourishing textile and wool industry. In the 19th century there were more than 100 workshops and factories in the village. Because of this economic and historical parallel, Bischwiller was called the “ Mulhouse of Bas-Rhin”. The war of 1870/71 put an end to this era; more than 10,000 residents left the city.
In the 20th century, Bischwiller recovered only slowly after two world wars . By restoring its facades, promoting its historical roots, expanding its cultural and sporting initiatives and setting up a number of smaller hotels and restaurants, it is gradually opening up to tourism , but the infrastructure is not geared towards larger numbers of visitors.
Numerous Turkish immigrants have lived in Bischwiller since the 1960s and were initially recruited as guest workers for the textile factories; Gradually a center of the Turkish community for the entire region developed here, for example the sports club Union sportive turc de Bischwiller . Especially since the decline of the local textile industry, there have been repeated tensions between the native Alsatian population and the migrants, whose integration has only partially succeeded.
Buildings
Secular buildings
The eye-catcher of the town center is the town hall square ( Place de la Mairie ) in a harmoniously closed half-timbered construction.
- The old town hall La Laub (built in 1665) was built in Bischwiller's economic heyday under Duke Christian II (Pfalz-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld) . The cloth merchants' markets and fairs were held under its arcades. Up until the French Revolution, there were musical performances every year on August 15th - the Assumption of the Virgin . Today the building houses a museum.
- Another half-timbered building from 1620, the hostel "Zum Goldenen Löwen" ( Auberge du Lion d'Or ) was the seat of the Brotherhood of Village Musicians ( Confrérie des Ménétriers ) until the French Revolution .
- The old pharmacy (1681) is a half-timbered building with a bay window.
- Today's town hall, the former A la Rose inn, is around 100 years younger; the elongated baroque building is stylistically out of the ordinary on the market square.
Sacred buildings
Map with all coordinates of the section sacred buildings : OSM (if known)
- The reformed church from 1525 - built using the fabric of a previous building around 1300 - was expanded in 1722 and equipped with an organ by Andreas Silbermann in 1729 . The church has hosted both German and French parishes over the centuries. The associated rectory on Rue d'Église from the 18th and 19th centuries have been preserved. Today's diaconate building was built from the broken material from the destroyed castle in the 19th century. (Location: 48 ° 46 ′ 11.9 ″ N , 7 ° 51 ′ 40 ″ E )
- The neoclassical Saint-Augustin Church was inaugurated on August 28, 1837 by the Vicar General of the Archdiocese of Strasbourg, Bruno Franz Leopold Liebermann , in the presence of all the canton's dignitaries. (Location: 48 ° 45 ′ 49.6 ″ N , 7 ° 51 ′ 36.6 ″ E )
- The New Apostolic Church of Saint-Nicolas (location: 48 ° 45 ′ 36.6 ″ N , 7 ° 51 ′ 32 ″ E )
- There is a simultaneous church in Hanhoffen in the southern district of Bischwiller. (Position (not used): 48 ° 45 ′ 23.4 ″ N , 7 ° 51 ′ 29.7 ″ E )
- The old synagogue , built in 1859, was destroyed during the Nazi occupation in 1941. (Location 48 ° 45 ′ 52.7 ″ N , 7 ° 51 ′ 30.6 ″ E )
- The new synagogue was built as a successor in 1959 (position 48 ° 45 ′ 52.8 ″ N , 7 ° 51 ′ 35.2 ″ E )
traffic
Bischwiller has a train station on the Vendenheim – Wissembourg railway line .
Personalities
- Charles Hickel (1848–1934), member of the Reichstag
- Wilhelm Kapp (1865–1943), Protestant pastor and university professor
- Otto Meissner (1880–1953), head of the office of the Reich President
- Walter Rammelt (1890–?), German-Alsatian sculptor
- Guillaume Lieb (1904–1978), French national football player
- Claude Vigée (* 1921), poet
- Lucien Muller (* 1934), French national football player
- Bernard Graeff (* 1948), football player
Community partnerships
Bischwiller talks to Hornberg in Baden-Wuerttemberg (Germany) since 13 September 1997, a city partnership .
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Bas-Rhin . Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Charenton-le-Pont 1999, ISBN 2-84234-055-8 , pp. 126-140.
