Rothbach (Bas-Rhin)
| Rothbach | ||
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Bas-Rhin | |
| Arrondissement | Haguenau-Wissembourg | |
| Canton | Reichshoffen | |
| Community association | Pays de Niederbronn-les-Bains | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 54 ' N , 7 ° 32' E | |
| height | 185-375 m | |
| surface | 7.99 km 2 | |
| Residents | 468 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 59 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 67340 | |
| INSEE code | 67415 | |
Rothbach is a French commune with 468 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the canton of Reichshoffen in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ). She is a member of the Communauté de communes du Pays de Niederbronn-les-Bains .
geography
The village is on the edge of the Northern Vosges in the Rothbach valley and is part of the Palatinate Forest-Vosges du Nord biosphere reserve . The neighboring communities are Offwiller , Bischholtz , Ingwiller and Lichtenberg .
history
middle Ages
The oldest surviving mention of the place comes from 826. The village of Rothbach was originally an imperial estate. In 1280 the Lords of Lichtenberg bought the village from Eberhard von Ettendorf. It initially belonged to the Buchsweiler office of the Lichtenberg rule . In the first half of the 14th century, the Buchsweiler office was divided around 1330 and the Ingweiler office was spun off. Rothbach was added to the Ingweiler office. The reason for this may have been the division of the country, which was established around 1330 between Johann II. Von Lichtenberg , from the older line of the house, and Ludwig III. von Lichtenberg took place. Rothbach fell into the part of the property that was managed by the older line in the future or to the middle line of the house - the information here is contradictory. In 1480, Count Jakob, the last male member of the von Lichtenberg family, died and his inheritance and the rule was divided. The Ingweiler office belonged to the part of the inheritance that fell to Zweibrücken-Bitsch . Zweibrücken-Bitsch finally incorporated the place into his rule of Oberbonn .
Modern times
The rule of Oberbonn - and with it Rothbach - came from Zweibrücken-Bitsch to this family in 1551 as a dowry on the occasion of the marriage of Amelie von Zweibrücken-Bitsch to Philip I of Leiningen-Westerburg . As a successor to the Leininger, the Landgraves of Hessen-Homburg and, to a lesser extent, the Swedish aristocratic family of the Barons von Sinclair became lords of Oberbronn in the 17th century. Due to France's reunion policy , the rule of Oberbronn and the village of Rothbach also fell under French suzerainty in the second half of the 17th century. The Hesse-Homburg part passed to the Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Bartenstein family in the middle of the 18th century , while the Sinclair part went to the von Lewenhaupt family, who were also of Swedish origin . Hohenlohe had to cede the rule to France in 1793 and was later resigned to areas of the secularized diocese of Würzburg . In the administrative reforms following the French Revolution , the rule of Oberbronn was dissolved. Rothbach was French now.
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2008 | 2017 |
| Residents | 396 | 412 | 420 | 441 | 472 | 510 | 494 | 468 |
traffic
The department road D 28 runs along the valley , which begins in Ingwiller and also connects Rothbach with Offwiller . Connections through secondary roads lead to Reipertswiller and Bischholtz .
economy
For centuries in Rothenbach red is Vosges - sandstone mined, which used not only as a building material, but also as a whetstone for the industry was used. After the Second World War , mining was temporarily stopped until in 1964 Charles Loegel laid the foundations for the Carrière Loegel Rothbach ( Loegel Rothbach quarry ), which still exists today , in which the sandstone is cut using a patented water jet process ( Loegel nozzle ). Since 2012, the sandstone has only been mined underground in galleries 50 meters deep. This is done with cutting machines whose oversized chainsaws are equipped with cutting bodies made of hard metal and synthetic diamonds.
Personalities
- Friedrich Lienhard (1865–1929), German writer
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Bas-Rhin. Flohic Editions, Volume 2, Charenton-le-Pont 1999, ISBN 2-84234-055-8 , pp. 895-897.
- Fritz Eyer: The territory of the Lords of Lichtenberg 1202-1480. Investigations into the property, the rule and the politics of domestic power of a noble family from the Upper Rhine . In: Writings of the Erwin von Steinbach Foundation . 2nd edition, unchanged in the text, by an introduction extended reprint of the Strasbourg edition, Rhenus-Verlag, 1938. Volume 10 . Pfaehler, Bad Neustadt an der Saale 1985, ISBN 3-922923-31-3 (268 pages).
- Freddy Gutbub, Ernst Hallenberger: Rothbach - Histoire d'un village des Vosges du Nord / History of a village in the Northern Vosges . 1991, ISBN 2-9505842-0-9 ( bilingual : in French and German)
- Peter Karl Weber: Lichtenberg. Alsatian domination on the way to becoming a territorial state. Social costs of political innovation . Heidelberg 1993.
Web links
- Website of the community of Rothbach
- Waltz and Rudolph. Private website on the history of Oberbronn .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Eyer, p. 47f.
- ↑ Eyer, p. 57.
- ↑ Eyer, p. 78.
- ↑ Eyer, p. 79.
- ↑ Brumm, p. 11.
- ^ Gutbub, p. 45.
- ↑ Waltz and Rudolph.
- ↑ Oberbronn (rule) . In: Gerhard Köbler : Historical Lexicon of the German Lands. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 , p. 481.
- ↑ Peter Koblank: The Rothbach quarry. In Alsace, red Vosges sandstone is mined underground . Retrieved December 13, 2013.