Fort Louis
| Fort Louis | ||
|---|---|---|
.svg)
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Bas-Rhin | |
| Arrondissement | Haguenau-Wissembourg | |
| Canton | Bischwiller | |
| Community association | Pays Rhénan | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 48 ' N , 8 ° 3' E | |
| height | 113-122 m | |
| surface | 12.31 km 2 | |
| Residents | 296 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 24 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 67480 | |
| INSEE code | 67142 | |
| Website | http://www.fort-louis.fr/la-commune/fort-louis-deutsch.html | |
 Fort Louis Town Hall |
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Fort-Louis ( German Fortlouis ) is a French commune with 296 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ). It is located on the Rhine , near the German communities Rheinmünster-Söllingen and Hügelsheim .
history
In 1686, King Louis XIV of France ordered the construction of a fortress in Lower Alsace , right on the border with the margraviate of Baden . It was built from 1687 within ten years on an island of the then not yet regulated Rhine according to plans by Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban and the fortress engineer Jacques Tarade . The medieval Palatinate in Haguenau , around twenty kilometers away , was razed to the ground and the usable stones were used to build the new fortress on the Rhine.
Two upstream forts were built as bridgeheads on the opposite banks of the Rhine, Fort Alsace on the Alsace side and Fort Marquisat on the banks of the Baden region. South of the main fort called Fort Carré , the regular street grid of the municipality of Fort-Louis was created on the island, the settlement of which the king promoted with privileges. The Fort Marquisat had to be abandoned after the Peace of Rijswijk in 1697, and finally after the Peace of Rastatt of 1714. The main fortress was stormed in 1793 in the First Coalition War and further destroyed in 1815-18.
The fort and community have been on the left bank of the Rhine since the Rhine was straightened in the 19th century. Remains of the fortress can still be seen today.
Plan of the fortress 1735
Fort-Louis before straightening the Rhine
Remains of the fort
Saint-Louis church
Population development
| 1910 | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 288 | 137 | 158 | 169 | 167 | 223 | 239 | 301 | 296 |
See also
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Bas-Rhin . Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Charenton-le-Pont 1999, ISBN 2-84234-055-8 , pp. 145-147.
- Ernst Gutmann: The former French fortress Fort Louis . In: Die Ortenau: Journal of the Historical Association for Middle Baden , 86th Annual Volume, 2006, pp. 313-320.
Web links
- Fort-Louis: Brief History of a Royal City . (PDF; 120 kB) uffried.fr (French)
- Fort Louis . Napoleon Wiki; Retrieved November 24, 2013
- Information page of the Fort Louis Commune accessed on July 24, 2019
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Register of municipalities in Germany 1900 - Hagenau district
- ↑ Historical maps as digital copies 1 and 2
- ↑ Peter Koblank: The missing royal palace of Haguenau. On the trail of a Hohenstaufen moated castle in Alsace. - with extensive documentation on Fort-Louis. Retrieved December 13, 2013.