Hatten (Bas-Rhin)
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Bas-Rhin | |
| Arrondissement | Haguenau-Wissembourg | |
| Canton | Wissembourg | |
| Community association | Outre-Forêt | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 54 ' N , 7 ° 59' E | |
| height | 120-172 m | |
| surface | 18.91 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,928 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 102 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 67690 | |
| INSEE code | 67184 | |
 Mairie Hatten |
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Hatten is a French commune with 1928 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ) between Wissembourg and Hagenau .
history
middle Ages
The village initially belonged to the Landgraviate of Alsace and was in the Hattgau . In 1332 the Lords of Lichtenberg bought it together with a number of other villages and rights. It was an imperial fief that they assigned to the Amt Hatten (also: Hattgau ). The office of Hatten was formed in the 14th century and was an office of the Lichtenberg rule , from 1480 the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg , from which it was transferred to the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1736 . Hatten Castle was built by the Lichtenbergers before 1354. It was handed over to the Electoral Palatinate by the Lichtenbergers and received back as a fief .
The local farmers saw themselves as free farmers. So they had no need to be granted urban freedoms, they were already free. That is why Hatten was never granted town charter - in contrast to other larger places of the Lichtenberg rule .
Anna von Lichtenberg (* 1442; † 1474), one of Ludwig V's two heirs, married Count Philip I the Elder of Hanau-Babenhausen (* 1417; † 1480) in 1458, who had a small secondary school from the County of Hanau had received in order to be able to marry her. The county of Hanau-Lichtenberg came into being through the marriage. After the death of the last Lichtenberger, Count Jakob, one of Anna's uncle, Philip I d. Ä. 1480 half of the Lichtenberg rule. This also included Hatten.
Modern times
Count Philip IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg (1514–1590), after taking office in 1538, consistently carried out the Reformation in his county, which now became Lutheran .
As a result of France's reunion policy , around 1680 , the parts of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Alsace fell under the sovereignty of France , as did the Amt of Hatten and Hatten.
1736 died with Count Johann Reinhard III. the last male representative of the Hanau family. Due to the marriage of his only daughter, Charlotte (* 1700; † 1726), with the Hereditary Prince Ludwig (VIII.) (* 1691; † 1768) of Hesse-Darmstadt , the county of Hanau-Lichtenberg fell there. As a result of the French Revolution , the part of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg on the left bank of the Rhine - and thus also Hatten - fell to France. From 1871 until the end of the First World War , the municipality belonged to the German Empire as part of the realm of Alsace-Lorraine and was assigned to the Weißenburg district in the Lower Alsace district .
Hatten was part of the Maginot Line and was almost completely destroyed in January 1945 in the final stages of World War II during bitter fighting ( Operation North Wind ). 2500 soldiers and 83 residents were killed in the fighting between German and American tank units. A bunker museum and a memorial plaque in the center of the village by the church bear witness to the disputes that resulted in losses.
Population development
| year | 1798 | 1910 | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2008 | 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 1,576 | 1,598 | 1,404 | 1,513 | 1,520 | 1,658 | 1,691 | 1,789 | 1,975 | 1.921 |
Bunker Museum
There is also a small large shelter museum ( Museè de l'abri ) in Hatten . It is set up in a large bunker that the French military built in 1930 as a defensive structure against the German Empire and that was given to a volunteer association for use in the 1990s. The museum is not subsidized by the state and is financed by donations and entrance fees, mainly from school classes. The concept is unusual: it sees itself as a museum against oblivion. Therefore relics from the Second World War were collected from all over the world, including from Germany.
Partner communities
Hatten has been a partner with the municipality of Hatten in Lower Saxony since 1990 .
literature
- Fritz Eyer: The territory of the Lords of Lichtenberg 1202-1480. Investigations into the property, the rule and the politics of domestic power of a noble family from the Upper Rhine . In: Writings of the Erwin von Steinbach Foundation . 2nd edition, unchanged in the text, by an introduction extended reprint of the Strasbourg edition, Rhenus-Verlag, 1938. Volume 10 . Pfaehler, Bad Neustadt an der Saale 1985, ISBN 3-922923-31-3 (268 pages).
- Friedrich Knöpp: Territorial holdings of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Hesse-Darmstadt . [typewritten] Darmstadt 1962. [Available in the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt , signature: N 282/6].
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Bas-Rhin. Flohic Editions, Volume 2, Charenton-le-Pont 1999, ISBN 2-84234-055-8 , pp. 1264-1265.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Eyer, p. 81.
- ↑ Eyer, p. 61.
- ↑ Knöpp, p. 6, Eyer, p. 167.
- ↑ Eyer, p. 239.
- ↑ Eyer, p. 167.
- ↑ Knöpp, p. 6.
- ↑ Eyer, p. 237.
- ^ Matt, p. 7.
- ^ Community directory Germany 1900 - Weissenburg district
- ↑ Bunker Museum (German)
- ↑ Entry about the partner communities on the homepage of the community Hatten Retrieved on April 29, 2019, 10:28 am