Herrlisheim
| Herrlisheim | ||
|---|---|---|
.svg)
|
|
|
| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Bas-Rhin | |
| Arrondissement | Haguenau-Wissembourg | |
| Canton | Bischwiller | |
| Community association | Pays Rhénan | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 44 ' N , 7 ° 54' E | |
| height | 120-131 m | |
| surface | 14.38 km 2 | |
| Residents | 4,861 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 338 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 67850 | |
| INSEE code | 67194 | |
| Website | http://www.herrlisheim.fr/ | |
 Tower of the Church of St. Arbogast |
||
Herrlisheim ( German Herlisheim ) is a French commune with 4861 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ).
geography
The place lies in the Upper Rhine Plain .
history
middle Ages
The oldest surviving mention of the place can be found in a deed of donation from 743 in favor of the Weißenburg monastery . The village is called Hariolfesvilla ("Hariolds Hof"). The Landgraves of Lower Alsace , the Counts of Ötingen , administered the village in 1251. In 1342 Herlisheim was sold to the Lichtenberg rule . The Lichtenbergers pledged it in the meantime, but redeemed it in 1401. Due to the acquisition of territory in the 14th century, the Ingweiler and Buchsweiler offices of the Lichtenberg domain, which had become too extensive, had to be reorganized at the beginning of the 15th century . Among other things, the Pfaffenhofen office was spun off and made independent. When this also had to be divided again by further area growth, the Offendorf office was created before 1440. Herlisheim also belonged to this office.
Elisabeth, one of the two heirlooms of Ludwig V von Lichtenberg (* 1417, † 1474), married Count Simon IV. Wecker von Zweibrücken-Bitsch . After the death of the last Lichtenberger, Jakob von Lichtenberg , an uncle of Elisabeth, she inherited half of the Lichtenberg estate, which also included the Offenheim office - and thus Herlisheim.
Early modern age
Count Jakob von Zweibrücken-Bitsch (* 1510; † 1570) and his brother Simon V. Wecker , who died in 1540, left only one daughter each as heir. Count Jakob's daughter, Margarethe (* 1540; † 1569), was married to Philipp V von Hanau-Lichtenberg (* 1541; † 1599). The legacy resulting from this constellation also included the second half of the former Lichtenberg lordship , which was not already in the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg , and included the Offendorf with Herlisheim office.
The then ruling Count Philip IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg (1514–1590) consistently carried out the Reformation in his county and also in the areas gained through inheritance, which now became Lutheran .
With France's reunification policy under King Louis XIV , the Offendorf office came under French sovereignty. In this process, a Roman Catholic parish was again established in Herlisheim .
After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. In 1736, Hanau-Lichtenberg - and with it the Offendorf office - fell to the son of his only daughter, Charlotte , Landgrave Ludwig (IX.) Of Hesse-Darmstadt . Herlisheim became French with the upheaval that began with the French Revolution .
Population development
| 1798 | 1910 | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2005 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,495 | 2,227 | 2461 | 3108 | 3780 | 3941 | 3877 | 4198 | 4438 | 4861 |
Jewish community
In the first half of the 18th century, a Jewish community was established in Herrlisheim . Around 1780 fifteen Jewish families lived there. The first local synagogue is believed to have been around 1805. It was rebuilt in 1850. In 1936 the Jewish community numbered around 80 people. In 1940 the people classified as “Jewish” were deported to the south of France and at least eleven of them were murdered. In the same year the synagogue and some outbuildings were destroyed by a bombardment, but rebuilt in the 1950s. However, after the Second World War only a few Jews lived in Herrlisheim and so the synagogue was closed in 1969; but it has been preserved as a historical building.
→ see also: Jewish cemetery (Herrlisheim)
Personalities
- Eugen Fürstenberger (1880–1975), German gymnast
literature
- Fritz Eyer: The territory of the Lords of Lichtenberg 1202-1480. Investigations into the property, the rule and the politics of domestic power of a noble family from the Upper Rhine . In: Writings of the Erwin von Steinbach Foundation . 2nd edition, unchanged in the text, by an introduction extended reprint of the Strasbourg edition, Rhenus-Verlag, 1938. Volume 10 . Pfaehler, Bad Neustadt an der Saale 1985, ISBN 3-922923-31-3 (268 pages).
- Friedrich Knöpp: Territorial holdings of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Hesse-Darmstadt . [typewritten] Darmstadt 1962. [Available in the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt , signature: N 282/6].
- Alfred Matt: Bailliages, prévôté et fiefs ayant fait partie de la Seigneurie de Lichtenberg, du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg, du Landgraviat de Hesse-Darmstadt . In: Société d'Histoire et d'Archaeologie de Saverne et Environs (ed.): Cinquième centenaire de la création du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg 1480–1980 = Pays d'Alsace 111/112 (2, 3/1980 ), p 7-9.
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Bas-Rhin . Flohic Editions, Volume 1, Charenton-le-Pont 1999, ISBN 2-84234-055-8 , pp. 148-150.
