Philipp V. (Hanau-Lichtenberg)

Philipp V of Hanau-Lichtenberg

Philipp V von Hanau-Lichtenberg (born February 21, 1541 in Buchsweiler , today: Bouxwiller; † June 2, 1599 in Niederbronn - today: Niederbronn-les-Bains) was Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg .

origin

Philip V was the eldest son, heir and successor of Count Philip IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg (* 1514; † 1590) and Countess Eleonore von Fürstenberg (* 1523; † 1544).

Pedigree of Count Philipp V of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Great grandparents	Philip II of Hanau-Lichtenberg (* 1462; † 1504) ∞ Anna von Isenburg -Büdingen († 1522)	Christoph I of Baden-Sponheim (* 1453; † 1527) ∞ Ottilie von Katzenelnbogen (* 1451; † 1517)	Wolfgang von Fürstenberg (* 1465; † 1509) ∞ Elisabeth von Solms-Braunfels (* 1469; † 1540)	Christoph von Werdenberg († 1534) ∞ Eleonora Gonzaga of Mantua († 1512)
Grandparents	Philip III von Hanau-Lichtenberg (* 1482; † 1538) ∞ Sibylle von Baden -Sponheim (* 1485; † 1518)		Friedrich II. Von Fürstenberg (* 1496; † 1559) ∞ Anna von Werdenberg († 1554)
parents	Philip IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg (* 1514; † 1590) ∞ Eleonore von Fürstenberg (* 1523; † 1544)
Philip V.

For the family cf. Main article: Lords and Counts of Hanau

Philipp V was baptized in Buchsweiler on the day of his birth. On June 18, 1553 he was enrolled at the University of Tübingen . Here he put his focus in particular on mathematics and astronomy . A silver "earth and sky globe" made by him is said to have belonged to the family for a long time.

family

Philip V married three times:

1. on October 14, 1560 in Bitsch Countess Palatine Ludovica Margaretha von Zweibrücken-Bitsch (born July 19, 1540 in Ingweiler (today: Ingwiller); † December 15, 1569 in Buchsweiler). She was the only child of Count Jakob von Zweibrücken-Bitsch (born July 19, 1510, † March 22, 1570) and heir. She was buried in Ingweiler. He had the following children with her:
   1. Johanna Sibylle (born July 6, 1564 in Lichtenberg ; † March 24, 1636 in Runkel ), married to Count Wilhelm IV. Von Wied-Runkel and Isenburg († 1612)
   2. Philipp (born October 7, 1565 in Buchsweiler, † August 31, 1572 in Strasbourg ), buried in Neuweiler
   3. Albrecht (born November 22, 1566 in Buchsweiler; † February 13, 1577 in Hagenau ), buried in Neuweiler
   4. Katharina (born January 30, 1568 in Buchsweiler; † August 6, 1636), married to Schenk Eberhard von Limpurg-Speckfeld (* 1560; † 1622)
   5. Johann Reinhard I. (born February 13, 1569 in Bitsch; † November 19, 1625 in Lichtenberg )
2. on February 18, 1572 in Bitsch Countess Katharina von Wied (* May 27, 1552; † November 13, 1584 in Lichtenau ). She was buried in Ingweiler. He had the following children with her:
   1. Juliane (born March 6, 1573 in Babenhausen ; † April 8, 1582 in Buchsweiler), buried in Neuweiler
   2. Eleonore (born June 13, 1576 in Babenhausen; † still as a child)
   3. Philipp (* July 21, 1579 in Babenhausen; † February 23, 1580 in Buchsweiler), buried in Neuweiler
   4. Amalie (born March 14, 1582 in Buchsweiler; † July 11, 1627 in Buchsweiler), buried in Lichtenberg
3. on June 20, 1586 in Buchsweiler Schenkin Agathe zu Limpurg -Obersontheim (* November 17, 1561 - † 1623), daughter of the imperial heir of Friedrich VII, Lord of Limpurg-Obersontheim (* August 6, 1536 - January 29, 1596), buried in Lichtenberg. After 1605 she married Count Rudolf von Sulz , Landgrave in Klettgau (* February 13, 1559 - May 5, 1620), previously married to Barbara von Staufen. With Philip V, Agathe had the following children:
   1. Agathe (born June 17, 1587; † after 1605) was assumed to be identical to Anna Margaretha, otherwise the last three children should have been born within a period of only 19 months.
   2. Reinhard (born January 21, 1589 - † February 7, 1589), buried in Neuweiler
   3. Anna Margarethe (* after 1589; † shortly after birth) was assumed to be identical to Agathe. A contemporary document in the Hessian State Archives in Marburg, which lists all family members in full, speaks against this assumption.

government

Taking office

In 1570 the first wife of Count Philipp V, Countess Palatine Ludovica Margaretha von Zweibrücken-Bitsch, since there were no other male relatives, inherited the second - not already ruled by Hanau-Lichtenberg - half of the Lichtenberg rule as well as the Bitsch county and the Ochsenstein rule . Her father, Count Jakob von Zweibrücken-Bitsch (* 1510, † 1570) was the last male bearer of the family's name. His brother, Simon V. Wecker, had already died in 1540. This also left only one daughter. Between the husbands of the two cousins, Philip I. von Leiningen-Westerburg and Philip V. von Hanau-Lichtenberg, a violent dispute arose over the inheritance. Formally, the Grafschaft Bitsch and the Amt Lemberg were fiefdoms of the Duchy of Lorraine . In principle, fiefdoms were only inheritable in the male line.

In the dispute with Philip I of Leiningen-Westerburg, Philip V was initially able to prevail, but with the immediate introduction of the Reformation under Lutheran confession, the powerful and Roman Catholic Duchy of Lorraine became an enemy. This then moved in the fiefs. In July 1572 Lorraine troops occupied the county. Since Philip V was not up to the military superiority of Lorraine, he chose the legal route. In the subsequent process before the Imperial Court of Justice, Lorraine referred to the fact that, on the one hand, significant areas of Zweibrücken-Bitsch had been exchanged by Lorraine in 1302 and, on the other hand, that the Counts of Leiningen had sold their inheritance claims to Lorraine in 1573.

Only in 1604 and 1606 was there a contractual settlement between Hanau-Lichtenberg and Lorraine. The compromise included a division: The County of Bitsch fell back to Lorraine and the Lemberg office was added to Hanau-Lichtenberg. In terms of content, that was sensible, as it also roughly corresponded to the denominational conditions of the territories.

Due to his advanced age, Philip IV ceded government business to Philip V in 1685. After his death in 1590, Philip V ruled in his own name. As early as 1579 he introduced the Solms land law "with the advice" of his father in the Babenhausen office . This was a measure of legal harmonization within the association of the Wetterau Reichsgrafenkollegium . From his father in 1585 he took over the guardianship of the underage children of the deceased Count Philipp Ludwig I of Hanau-Münzenberg , which had existed for Philipp Ludwig II and Albrecht since 1580 .

Guardianship in Hanau-Munzenberg

In addition to Philip V, Count Johann VI., The elder, of Nassau-Dillenburg and Count Ludwig I of Sayn-Wittgenstein were involved in the Hanau-Munzenberg guardianship . With regard to Count Albrecht, who did not come of age until 1605, and significant, denominational disputes between those involved - the Hanau-Lichtenbergers were Lutheran , the Hanau-Münzenbergers were reformed - the guardianship could not be finally ended until 1608.

Philip V tried to launch the also Lutheran Duke Reichard von Pfalz-Simmern into the guardianship, but - despite a corresponding mandate from the Imperial Chamber Court - he did not succeed: The Reformed majority of the guardianship prevented the Hanau-Munzenberg subjects from paying homage to the Duke . In addition, she succeeded in installing the Count Palatine and spa administrator Johann Kasimir von Pfalz-Lautern as "Obervormund" - a purely honorary position - but nevertheless further strengthening the Reformed position within the guardianship. In this conflict Philip V was ultimately defeated.

Domestic politics

In 1588 he set up the first mint in his county in Wörth an der Sauer . The reason for this was probably the excellent economic situation of the county during his reign.

The witch hunt , which was widespread at this time , also took place under his government. He issued a corresponding proclamation to persecute the witches , but then probably did not get involved in the matter. In the county of Hanau-Lichtenberg, only a few executions have become known, for example in Schaafheim .

death

Epitaph of Philip V in the chapel of Lichtenberg Castle

In the last years of his life, Philip V was ill. He died during a spa stay in Niederbronn. He was buried in Lichtenberg.

literature

• Adrian Willem Eliza Dek: De Afstammelingen van Juliana van Stolberg tot aan het jaar van de vrede van Munster . Zaltbommel, 1968.
• Reinhard Dietrich: The state constitution in the Hanauischen = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 34. Hanau 1996. ISBN 3-9801933-6-5
• M. Goltzené and A. Matt: From the history of the office Buchsweiler and the gentlemen from Hanau-Lichtenberg . In: Société d'Histoire et d'Archaeologie de Saverne et Environs (eds.): Cinquième centenaire de la création du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg 1480–1980 = Pays d'Alsace 111/112 (2, 3/1980), p 63-72.
• Franz Domenicus Häberlein: The latest German Empire history from the beginning of the Schmalkaldic War to our times . No. 8 and 9. Hall 1779, 1780.
• Heinrich Hermelink: The matriculations of the University of Tübingen . Vol. 1, Stuttgart 1906.
• JG Lehmann: Documented history of the county Hanau-Lichtenberg in the lower Alsace . 2 vol., O. O. 1862 (?), ND Pirmasens 1970.
• Wilhelm Morhardt: Hanau old - in honor of b'halt - The Counts of Hanau-Lichtenberg in history and stories = Babenhausen then and now 10th Babenhausen 1984.
• Reinhard Suchier : Genealogy of the Hanauer count house . In: Festschrift of the Hanau History Association for its 50th anniversary celebration on August 27, 1894 . Hanau 1894.
• Ernst Julius Zimmermann : Hanau city and country . 3rd edition, Hanau 1919, ND 1978.

References

1. ↑ Marburg State Archives, 81st Hanau Government, stock 12.6f
2. ↑ Hermelink, p. 366
3. ↑ She was baptized on July 17, 1564.
4. ↑ Baptized on October 24, 1565 in Buchsweiler.
5. ↑ Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg , inventory 81. Hanau Government, A 12.6f, names August 31, 1570 by way of derogation
6. ↑ Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg, inventory 81. Hanau Government, A 12.6f, states November 23 , 1566, between 3 and 4 a.m. So he was born on the night of November 22nd to 23rd, 1566. He was baptized on December 11, 1566 in Buchsweiler.
7. ↑ Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg, inventory 81. Hanau government, A 12.6f: Baptized on February 7, 1568.
8. ↑ Different date of birth: Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt , inventory D7, 1/1: March 26, 1573. Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg, inventory 81. Hanau government, A 12.6f: baptized on March 29, 1573.
9. ↑ Different dates of death: Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt, inventory D7, 1/1: April 4, 1583; Dek, p. 242: April 3, 1582
10. ^ Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg, inventory 81. Government Hanau, A 12.6f,: Baptized on June 28, 1576 in Babenhausen.
11. ↑ Dek, p. 242, names 1582 as the year of death, an obvious confusion with the year of birth.
12. ↑ Morhardt mentions a death in the year of birth without citing the source.
13. ^ ^{A b} cf .: Suchier, Genealogie, p. 21, note 98.
14. ↑ inventory 81. Government Hanau, A 12,6f.
15. ↑ Zimmerische Chronik , Volume 2, p. 251 Page: De Zimmerische Chronik 2 251.jpg .
16. ↑ Goltzené and A. Matt: From the history , p 68th
17. ^ Fried Lübbecke : Hanau. City and county. Cologne, 1951, p. 279ff.

Web links

Commons : Philipp V, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

predecessor	Office	successor
Philip IV	Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg 1590–1599	Johann Reinhard I.