Albrecht von Hanau-Munzenberg

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Albrecht (Albert) von Hanau-Munzenberg-Schwarzenfels (* November 12, 1579 - December 19, 1635 in Strasbourg ) was the only son of Count Philipp Ludwig I (* 1553 - 1580 ), along with the Hereditary Count , Philipp Ludwig II ) and Countess Magdalene von Waldeck (* 1558; † 1599), who reached adulthood.

ancestry

Pedigree of Count Albrecht von Hanau-Munzenberg-Schwarzenfels
Great grandparents

Philip II of Hanau-Münzenberg (* 1501; † 1552)
∞
Juliana zu Stolberg (* 1506; † 1580)

Johann II of Palatinate-Simmern (* 1509; † 1557)
∞
Beatrix of Baden (* 1492; † 1535)

Henry VI. von Waldeck in Wildungen (* 1465; † 1513)
∞
Anastasia von Runkel (* 1477; † 1503)

Salentin VII. Von Nieder- Isenburg (* 1492; † 1534)
∞
Elisabeth von Hunolstein († 1538)

Grandparents

Philip III von Hanau-Münzenberg (* 1526; † 1561)
∞
Helena von Pfalz-Simmern (* 1533; † 1579)

Philip IV von Waldeck (* 1493; † 1574)
∞
Jutta von Isenburg († 1564)

parents

Philipp Ludwig I von Hanau-Münzenberg (* 1553; † 1580)
∞
Magdalene von Waldeck (* 1558; † 1599)

Count Albrecht

guardianship

Since his father's death in 1580, whose children were all minors , a guardianship was required. It was initially formed by Count Johann VI., The Elder, of Nassau-Dillenburg , Count Ludwig I of Sayn-Wittgenstein and Count Philipp IV. Of Hanau-Lichtenberg and finally ended only in 1608. Philip IV had himself replaced as guardian in 1585 by his son, Count Philipp V von Hanau-Lichtenberg , who resided in Babenhausen Castle.

As early as 1581, the countess widow Magdalena married Count Johann VII, the middle one, of Nassau-Siegen , the son of one of the guardians. This brought Count Albrecht and his brother to the Nassau- Dillenburger Hof. This was a center of the Reformed faith in Germany and closely connected with the also Reformed Electoral Palatinate court.

The ( Lutheran ) co-guardian Philip IV and later his son Philipp V von Hanau-Lichtenberg resisted this reformed influence vehemently, albeit ultimately in vain. Philip V tried to also Lutheran Duke Reichard von Pfalz-Simmern to launch in the guardianship, giving him - despite a corresponding mandate of the Imperial Chamber - but did not succeed: The Reformed majority of guardianship prevented the tribute of subjects against the Duke. The Reformed party also succeeded in installing the Count Palatine and spa administrator Johann Kasimir von Pfalz-Lautern as "Obervormund" - a purely honorary position - and thus further strengthening the Reformed position within the guardianship.

The end of guardian government is difficult to determine. In 1600 the guardians were divorced from his guardianship in the dispute with Philip Ludwig II, but for Albrecht it continued until 1604, because the age of majority was only reached at the age of 25. The account of the guardianship did not take place until 1608 at the urging of Elector Friedrich IV of the Palatinate.

youth

From 1588 Albrecht attended the Tertia Classis of the Pädagogicum and from 1585 the high school in Herborn, where his brother, Philipp Ludwig II. , Also studied. From 1591 he studied at the University of Heidelberg , where he was elected rector on December 20, 1591, an office that he held until July 6, 1593.

family

Albrecht married Countess Ehrengard von Isenburg on August 16, 1604 (* October 1, 1577; † September 20, 1637 in Frankfurt am Main ), according to other sources also "Irmgard". They had the following children:

Grave slab of Count Albrecht (Albert) (1606–1614) in the Andreas Chapel of the Schlüchtern monastery
  • Albrecht (Albert) (* 1606; † September 13, 1614), buried in Schlüchtern Monastery . The burial was examined in 1938 and 1986 as part of archaeological excavations and then buried again.
  • Moritz (* 1606; † still as a child)
  • Katharina Elisabeth (* before or on September 14, 1607; † September 14, 1647), married to Count Wilhelm Otto von Isenburg-Birstein (* 1597; † 1667)
  • Johanna (* 1610 ; † September 13, 1673 in Delft ), married to
    • 1.) Wild and Rhine Count Wolfgang Friedrich von Salm (* 1589; † December 24, 1638) since September 1637). The marriage remained childless.
    • 2.) Prince Manuel António of Portugal (* 1600, † 1666) on December 14, 1646. This marriage resulted in:
1.) Wilhelmina Amalia (* 1647; † November 14, 1647)
2.) Elisabeth Maria (born November 20, 1648 in Delft; † October 15, 1717 in Vianen ), married on April 11, 1678 to Lieutenant Colonel Baron Adriaan von Gent (born February 16, 1645 in The Hague ; † August 10, 1708 )
The literature emphasizes that Johanna hardly brought anything into the marriage. The Hanau-Munzenberg-Schwarzenfels line was very impoverished by the Thirty Years' War . Johanna gains importance primarily through her second marriage - a connection between a German noblewoman of the Reformed denomination and a member of the Roman Catholic , Portuguese royal house. Manuel António of Portugal was a grandson of the Portuguese pretender António of Crato from the House of Avis . After he was unable to assert his claim to the throne, the family fled to the States General , the northern Netherlands, which were primarily reformed. The southern Netherlands, the Spanish Netherlands (today: Belgium ) had remained Roman Catholic. Manuel António's life took place between these two poles. In 1643 - after his fourth conversion - he was once again in the service of the northern Netherlands. The marriage with the reformed Countess von Hanau-Munzenberg-Schwarzenfels, who was related by marriage to the House of Orange-Nassau , was intended to strengthen his ties to the States General and prevent him from moving again to the hostile Roman Catholic South.
  • Magdalena Elisabeth (* March 28, 1611 ; † February 26, 1687 ) was married to the Reichserbschenk Georg Friedrich Schenk zu Limpurg in Speckfeld (* June 27, 1596; † December 5, 1651) since March 28, 1636 . This was a son of Schenk Eberhard von Limpurg-Speckfeld (* 1560, † 1622) and Countess Katharina von Hanau-Lichtenberg , daughter of Count Philipp V von Hanau-Lichtenberg . Georg Friedrich was a military man and served in the Thirty Years' War under Peter Ernst II von Mansfeld and King Gustav II Adolf of Sweden . From the marriage of Magdalena Elisabeth and Georg Friedrich emerged:
    • Franz (* 1637; † 1673)
    • Vollrat (* 1641; † 1713), last of the Limpurg-Speckfeld line
    • Georg Eberhard (* 1643; † 1705)
  • Johann Ernst (* June 13, 1613; † January 12, 1642), married to Princess Susanna Margarethe von Anhalt-Dessau (* August 25, 1610; † October 3, 1663), last ruling count from the Hanau-Münzenberg family
  • Ludwig Christoph (* 1614; † shortly after baptism)
  • Elisabeth (* 1615 ?; † 1665)
  • Marie Juliane (born January 15, 1617; † October 28, 1643), married to Count Johann Ludwig von Isenburg-Birstein (* 1622; † 1685)

politics

Count Albrecht was in a violent dispute with his brother Philipp Ludwig II., His heir, Count Philipp Moritz (* 1605, † 1638), and the guardian regent, Countess Katharina Belgica . The dispute was partly judicially and partly violent. Albrecht wanted at least a secondary school diploma , if not a division of the country . Philip Ludwig II, on the other hand, insisted on the rights of the House of Hanau, which declared him the sole heir with its Primogeniture Statute from 1375.

Because his guardians in a dispute with Philip Ludwig II, but no later than when he was of legal age, sided with Albrecht, who was still under their guardianship, this also led to violent arguments between Philip Ludwig II and the guardians. Finally a settlement was negotiated, which provided Albrecht with the Hanau authorities in Schwarzenfels and Ortenberg , the Naumburg winery and the Hanau share in Assenheim . He then resided in Schwarzenfels Castle .

But even this comparison did not calm the situation, as Albrecht now insisted that he had his own sovereignty based on this territory, while Philip Ludwig II assumed that the sovereignty remained with him and that Albrecht was only granted economic use has been.

Albrecht and his family had to leave Schwarzenfels as a result of the Thirty Years' War , probably in 1633, fled first to Worms and later to Strasbourg , where they had to struggle with great financial difficulties.

death

Count Albrecht died in exile in Strasbourg on December 19, 1635. A funeral sermon has been handed down.

Only with the death of Count Albrecht was the dispute settled in the Hanau-Munzenberg family, as his son and heir, Johann Ernst, refused to assert sovereign rights.

literature

  • AWE Dek: Count Johann the Middle of Nassau-Siegen and his 25 children . Rijswijk 1962.
  • Reinhard Dietrich : The state constitution in Hanau. The position of the lords and counts in Hanau-Münzenberg based on the archival sources (= Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 34). Self-published by the Hanauer Geschichtsverein, Hanau 1996, ISBN 3-9801933-6-5 .
  • JLJ van Kamp: Nog een tak afstammelingen van Willem de Zwijger . In: De nederlandsche Leeuw . Book LXXIV, 9 (September 1957), columns 266-287; 306-316.
  • Ute Müller-Ludolph: Philipp Ludwig II. Von Hanau-Munzenberg (1576-1612) - A political biography ( sources and research on Hessian history 83 ), Darmstadt 1991, ISBN 3-88443-172-3
  • Reinhard Suchier : Genealogy of the Hanauer Grafenhaus in: Festschrift of the Hanauer Geschichtsverein for its 50th anniversary celebration on August 27, 1894 , Hanau 1894.
  • Reinhard Suchier: The grave monuments and coffins of the people buried in Hanau from the houses of Hanau and Hesse . In: Program of the Royal High School in Hanau. Hanau 1879. pp. 1-56.
  • Gustav Toepke : The register of Heidelberg University from 1386 to 1662 . Heidelberg 1884. Vol. 2.
  • K. Wolf: The custodial governments of Count Johann the Elder of Nassau-Dillenburg in the County of Hanau-Münzenberg in: Hanauisches Magazin 15 (1936), pp. 81-94 and 16 (1937), pp. 1-14
  • Gerd Wunder, Max Schefold, Herta Beutter: The taverns of Limpurg and their country = research from Württembergisch Franken 20. Sigmaringen 1982. * Ernst Julius Zimmermann : Hanau Stadt und Land , 3rd edition, Hanau 1919, ND 1978.

References

  1. ↑ Gottfried Zedler u. Hans Sommer: The matriculation of the high school and the pedagogical center in Herborn = publications of the historical commission for Nassau 5. Wiesbaden 1908, p. 7 (no. 74), p. 186 (no. 67).
  2. ↑ Toepke, Vol. 2, pp. 151, 164, 620
  3. ↑ Hessian State Archives Marburg: Oia 432 of June 4, 1623 line 39
  4. ↑ See: Reinhard Dietrich: Archaeological investigations in the Andreas chapel of the Schlüchtern monastery . In: Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 30 (1988), pp. 327-334.
  5. ↑ Anders Dek, p. 30: February 1, 1637.
  6. ↑ Kamp, Col. 273.
  7. ↑ A complete family tree was not available. Wunder / Schefold / Beutter (p. 46) only show male members of the house, insofar as they attribute genealogical importance to them.
  8. ^ Catalog of funeral sermons and other mourning documents in the Hessian State Archives in Marburg = Marburger Personalschriften-Forschungen 14, Sigmaringen 1992; Signature: 81st Hanau Government A 38.9 1
personal data
SURNAME Hanau-Munzenberg, Albrecht von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hanau-Munzenberg-Schwarzenfels, Albrecht von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German nobleman
DATE OF BIRTH November 12, 1579
DATE OF DEATH December 19, 1635
Place of death Strasbourg