Hanau History Association 1844

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The Hanauer Geschichtsverein 1844 e. V. is one of the oldest historical societies in Hessen and Germany. He primarily devotes himself to historical research in the city , county and later province of Hanau . As the oldest association still active in archaeological activity , the association has a special tradition .

history

County of Hanau, map by Friedrich Zollmann 1728.

founding

The association was founded on September 18, 1844 as the Hanau district association for Hessian history and regional studies . In the beginning, archaeological topics were the exception, although the association secured numerous graves of the fort and vicus Salisberg that were discovered during the construction of the Frankfurt-Hanau railway . Under the chairmanship of Pastor Anton Calaminus , Government Councilor Johann Peter Ruth and Landbaumeister Carl Arnd , a lecture system was established early on, as the members felt obliged to research and at the same time their documentation. The lecture programs of the first years of the association show that topics of medieval and modern history with a focus on Hanau or Hesse dominated. The wars of liberation and especially the battle of Hanau were popular topics, especially because at that time there were still contemporary witnesses whose reports had to be documented.

The association was part of the association for Hessian history and regional studies until the statutes were changed in 1896 . From 1874 to the beginning of the 20th century, he ran a small museum on the ground floor of the government building on Schlossplatz , together with the Wetterau Society . The very cramped conditions could only be remedied with the move to the old town hall (today: Deutsches Goldschmiedehaus ). In addition to the soil finds from the old district of Hanau, the association also had funds for purchases, through which the collection grew as well as through bequests and gifts. In 1923, the 1913-1919 publication of the Hanau Collection was published as a catalog of West and South German antiquity collections .

Limes research

Towards the end of the 19th century, the association achieved considerable achievements, particularly in archeology. The activities that the association developed even before the establishment of the Reich Limes Commission is closely linked to Reinhard Suchier and Albert Duncker , later Georg Wolff . The high school teacher Duncker carried out excavations in the Alteburg fort near Rückingen with the help of the numismatist Suchier . His results led to the refutation of a presumed course of the Limes over the Vogelsberg to the Main (" Vogelsberg-Limes "). While Duncker still had to defend his thesis, the Vogelsberg theory was finally refuted in the 1880s by the discovery of the forts on the Mainline ( Wörth 1881, Obernburg 1882, Trennfurt 1883 and Stockstadt 1885). As a result, Georg Wolff succeeded in discovering the forts Großkrotzenburg (1881, first published in 1882) and Marköbel (1884). In the north, the investigations of the Reichs Limes Commission under Friedrich Kofler completed the picture of the Wetterau Limes, which is still valid today, with minor deductions .

When Wolff was called to Frankfurt , he continued his successful work, including excavations in the Roman town of Nida-Heddernheim . He remained connected to the association and gave lectures in Hanau. He later became honorary chairman of the association. A bronze bust of Georg Wolff, created by August Bischoff , is now in the Hanau Historical Museum.

Mithras relief from Großkrotzenburg that was destroyed with the finds of the history association during World War II . Installation in the association's museum in the Old Town Hall (approx. 1900 to 1919).

The history association in the Nazi era

After the NSDAP came to power, various parties attempted to bring the history association into line, which was completed in 1941 with the appointment of Nazi mayor Walter Junker as association leader. Junker was the only chairman in the club's history who was not elected. The association had initially refused to join the Reichsbund Volkstum und Heimat (1934) and the Reichsbund für Deutsche Prehistory (1936). Junker, Hanau mayor since 1937, promoted the renovation of the old town and the recognition of Hanau as a goldsmith town. He found a suitable lever in relation to the history association in the financial donations from the city for the association and museum as well as the relocation of the museum from the old town hall to the prince's building of the Hanau city palace . The renaming of the Old Town Hall to the German Goldsmith's House was completed in October 1942. The move of the museum to the new rooms in the city palace initially took place with the Roman-Germanic department.

The museum director Hugo Birkner , who returned from military service in 1943, relocated numerous collections from the association between November 1943 and 1944 before the increasing air raids, many of which were even brought to safety in the Spessart and Vogelsberg, including the valuable archive materials.

Due to the bombing and the relocation of cultural assets, the move of the museum to the city palace was apparently not completely completed. On January 6, 1945 the city palace was destroyed in a bomb attack by the Royal Air Force , only the outer walls were still standing. Some archaeological finds from the city and the Altkreis and, above all, part of the extensive library of the association were lost. The stone monuments were initially left with the association's lapidary in the Old Town Hall. There only smaller fragments could be recovered from the rubble. Despite the loss of numerous archaeological finds, it was mainly thanks to Birkner's tireless work that around 80% of the association's holdings were saved through the war.

The aftermath of the Second World War

In the post-war period it was initially impossible to present the association's holdings in a museum. From 1955 the association had storage rooms in Philippsruhe Castle . The museum there was not officially opened until 1967. In any case, the club initially had other, priority goals. In the firestorm after the bombing of March 19, 1945 , large parts of the historical building fabric of the old and new town of Hanau were destroyed. Nevertheless, many of the buildings could have been saved or rebuilt, since their outer walls were still standing. Among other things, this affected the city palace, the city ​​theater and the baroque armory on Freiheitsplatz . The Edelsheimsche Palais and a larger piece of the medieval wall in Hanau's old town along Nordstrasse were still standing at that time.

The dispute over the preservation of these cultural monuments with the city administration and the responsible politicians dragged on until 1956. Contrary to the preservation advocated by the association and the preservation authorities , most of these buildings and monuments were torn down. Only parts of the city palace, such as the government building (today the city library), the water tower and the stables (city hall) remained. Some of the Hanau sandstone fountains from the Renaissance as well as a few architectural parts of the old town have been secured or incorporated into modern buildings. The disregard for the historical substance means that the city center of Hanau today consists largely of functional architecture from the 1950s and 1960s and, with a few exceptions, such as the goldsmith's house, has completely lost its former attractiveness.

The Hanau History Association today

Content

Hugo Birkner continued to devote himself to archaeological research in the post-war period. Since the late 1970s, the association has regularly carried out archaeological research in the old district of Hanau. The Hanau History Association still conveys the history of the city and former county of Hanau in words and pictures.

As at the time the association was founded, lectures, publications and study trips still make up an essential part of the association's work. The association is involved in numerous exhibition projects, most recently in the national exhibition "The Americans in Hesse" and the exhibition "Kesselstadt - From Fort to District" (2009). Today, the association's collections are an integral part of the Hanau Historical Museum, which is jointly supported by the city of Hanau, and the Steinheim Castle archaeological museum .

Library holdings of the association are recorded together with the Hanau City Library and can be queried in the online portal there as the catalog “HGV-Hanau History Association”. Important archives such as Johann Adam Bernhard's book of servants or the Ziegler's Chronicle are also in the possession of the association and can be viewed in the Hanau City Archives .

Working groups

The association works in premises in the government building on Schlossplatz and in Schloss Philippsruhe. Working groups exist for the areas

  • Archaeological conservation
  • Military history
  • Genealogy
  • Trip group
  • AG Kesselstädter Wingert (historical viticulture)

Honors

  • Gold medal of honor of the city of Hanau (1978)
  • Monument Protection Prize of the State of Hesse (2002, for the Archaeological Monument Preservation Group)
  • Citizen plaque of the city of Hanau (for the steering group Kesselstadt anniversaries, 2009)
  • Honorary award in the Hessian Monument Preservation of the Hessian Ministry for Science and Art (2012)
  • August Gaul plaque (2019)

Significant members

Publication series

  • New magazine for Hanau history , annual journal (since 1949, until 1939: Hanau magazine ). ZDB ID 535233-2
  • Hanauer history sheets , monographs / edited volumes.
  • Hanauer writings on archeology and history

Publications (selection)

  • Heinrich Bott: The professors of the High State School in Hanau 1665–1812. Presented to its members by the Hanau History Society as a donation. [Hanau History Association], [Hanau] 1942.
  • Wolfgang Heinemann: Book of Honor of War Victims of World War II 1939–1945 from Hanau and the city districts. Hanau 2006
  • Anton Merk, Richard Schaffer-Hartmann, Jens Arndt u. a .: 150 years of the Hanau History Association. The collection. Catalog for the exhibition, gallery in the Museum Hanau Schloss Philippsruhe, Sept. 18 - Nov. 6, 1994. Museum Hanau Schloss Philippsruhe, Hanau 1994.
  • Writings on prehistory. Hessisches Landesmuseum Kassel and Hanau History Association. Elwert-Gräfe and Unzer, Marburg o. J.
  • 675 years old town Hanau. Festschrift for the city anniversary and catalog for the exhibition in the Historical Museum of Hanau am Main. Published by the Hanauer Geschichtsverein e. V., Hanau 1978, ISBN 3-87627-242-4 .

Hanauer history sheets

- since 1985, an overview of older publications of the HGV can be found at the end of Volume 29, 1985–

  • Vol. 29, 1985: Peter Jüngling : Hunters and gatherers (hunters) in the Hanau region. Pp. 7-18; Peter Jüngling, Annegret Lüdeck, Stefan Ommert: Band ceramic readings from Niederdorfelden. Pp. 19-22; Peter Jüngling: A new Middle Neolithic settlement near Hanau-Mittelbuchen. Pp. 23-36; Peter Jüngling: Bronze Age ceramic finds on Hanauer Salisweg. Pp. 37-40; Peter Jüngling: A Bronze Age burial ground in the Bruchköbel forest near Hanau. Pp. 41-102; Peter Jüngling: Urnfield settlement finds from Kahl-Emmerichshofen, Aschaffenburg district. Pp. 103-106; Peter Jüngling: Germanic ceramics of the pre-Roman times from Maintal-Bischofsheim. Pp. 107-114; Stefan Ommert: A shard of the "Frankfurt relief varnish ware" from Erlensee-Rückingen. Pp. 115-118; Peter Jüngling: Comments on a "Roman grave find" from Hanauer Salisberg. Pp. 119-126; Frank Mumme: Emergency excavation in a Roman villa Rustica near Hanau-Mittelbuchen. Pp. 127-150; Peter Jüngling: Two grave finds from the Migration Period from Karlstein-Dettingen, Aschaffenburg district. Pp. 151-162; Peter H. Blänkle: On the skeleton finds from the Migration Period from Karlstein-Dettingen, Aschaffenburg district. Pp 163-170; Wilhelm B. Kaiser: The Steinheim pilgrimage to the holy cross. Pp. 171-256; Ina Schneider: On the history of the Hanau silverware manufacturers. Pp. 257-288; Reinhard Dietrich : The water pipes at the Kinzigheimer Hof and at Marköbel. Pp. 289-298; Reiner Cunz: The coin treasure trove of Kilianstädten. Studies of the first tipper and wipper period in the county of Hanau-Münzenberg (1618–1622). Pp. 299-330; Reinhard Dietrich: Preliminary report on the emergency rescues at the Kinzdorfer Tor in Hanau's old town. Pp. 331-340; Reinhard Dietrich: A cemetery from the siege of Hanau in 1635/36. Pp. 341-350; Dietrich Wünsch: The human skeletal remains of a burial ground from the Thirty Years' War on the Freiheitsplatz in Hanau. Pp. 351-358; Gerd Steinwascher: Treasure hunt in the St. Wolfgang monastery in Bulau. A treasure hunt trial from 1668. pp. 359–370; Jürgen Osterhammel: People education and factory town. The electoral high school in Hanau 1816–1866. Pp. 371-430; Reinhard Dietrich, Wolfgang Birkenstock: The Hessian constitution of 1831. P. 431–462; Niklot Klüssendorf: Counterfeit coins and notes from the circulation of the Hessian province of Hanau (1841–1867). Pp. 463-502; Uta Löwenstein: The transfer of the older Hanau authorities archives to Marburg. Pp. 503-512; Heinz Kurz, Günter Rauch: Complete list of the articles published in the periodicals of the Hanauer Geschichtsverein 1860–1984. Pp. 513-541.
  • Vol. 30, 1988: Dirk R. Spennemann: Osteological investigations on the animal remains from a settlement of the Middle Bronze Age near Nidderau-Heldenbergen, Main-Kinzig-Kreis. Pp. 7-36; Dirk R. Spennemann: On the production and function of some Middle Bronze Age and Roman bone implements from Nidderau-Heldenbergen, Main-Kinzig-Kreis. Pp. 37-54; Peter Jüngling: Two Bronze Age finds from the Main. Pp. 55-64; Reinhard Dietrich: clay funnels of the pre-Roman iron age. Pp. 65-92; Peter Jüngling, Oliver T. Niedenthal, Hugo Birkner: Two Roman pottery kilns in the Hanau port area. Pp. 93-112; Karl Dielmann / Peter Jüngling: The Roman burial ground in Erlensee-Rückingen. A preliminary report on the investigations from 1951 and 1960–1962. Pp. 113-120; Michael J. Klein: On the Roman inscriptions from Großkrotzenburg. An unpublished fragment. Pp. 121–124: Michael J. Klein: Mithras in Großkrotzenburg. Pp. 125-134; Michael J. Klein: Roman found coins from Großkrotzenburg. Pp. 135-146; Peter Jüngling: Investigations on the Roman watchtower 5/12 in Hanauer Bulau. Pp. 147-156; Dirk J. Schäfer: A Roman Villa Rustica near Nidderau-Erbstadt. Pp. 157-162; Peter Jüngling: A Roman site southwest of the Wilhelmsbad basalt quarries. Pp. 163-172; Peter Jüngling: The Roman estate and the Germanic settlement on the "Kilianstädter Hohl" near Hanau-Mittelbuchen. A contribution to the migration period in the Hanau area. Pp. 173-258; Joachim H. Schleifring: A horse skeleton and other animal bone finds from Hanau-Mittelbuchen. Pp. 259-268; Joachim H. Schleifring: Late Merovingian to Early Carolingian graves in remains of Roman buildings from Frankfurt a. M.- Bergen-Enkheim. Pp. 269-288; Peter Jüngling: Roman and medieval finds from an excavation in Großkrotzenburg. Pp. 289-326; Reinhard Dietrich: Archaeological investigation of the Andreas chapel of the Schlüchtern monastery. Pp. 327-334; Reinhard Dietrich: Production waste from the Hanau faience manufactory . An excavation. Pp. 335-346; Bert Worbs: Buchen - Dorfelden - Windecken. Early castles in the county of Hanau. Pp. 347-404; Alfred Becker, Reinhard Dietrich: Origin and development of the Hanau course dishes. Supplemented by a certificate attachment. Pp. 405-444; Inge Wolf: Christian Ludwig Hermann. Construction director at Hanauer Hof. Pp. 445-556; Eckhard Meise : The old town hall of Hanau as the seat of the electoral district court (1822–1850). At the same time a contribution to the history of the Hanau authorities in the Vormärz. Pp. 557-590; Helmut Stubbe da Luz: Kurt Blaum (1884–1970). Hanau mayor, before and after the Hitler era. Sketch of an exemplary biography of the mayor of the first half of our century. Pp. 591-646.
  • Vol. 31, 1993: Reinhard Dietrich: The abdication of Ulrich V. von Hanau. Causes and consequences. Pp. 7-33; Uta Löwenstein: "A know Swan with eym gulden Snabel to eym Schawessen". Banquet at the Hanau court in the 15th and 16th centuries. Pp. 35-90; Daniel Hess: The former high altar and the glass paintings in the Marienkirche. Pp. 91-112; Heinrich Bott: Jacques (Jacob) Bongars , resident of King Heinrich IV of France with the princes of the German Empire, and Philipp Ludwig II. Count of Hanau. Pp. 113-122; Reinhard Dietrich: "... because of large government, but poor payment of debts ...". On the financial situation of the County of Hanau in the 17th century. Pp. 123-148; Reinhard Dietrich: Hanauer deduction writings. Pp. 149-176; Volker Hilberg: Hanau coin treasures of the 18th century. Pp. 177-188; Gerhard Bott: A plan by Franz Ludwig Cancrin for a redesign of the fountain system and building at the Guten Brunnen from 1772. pp. 189–198; Eckhard Meise: The boatmen's family Bein and the end of the Hanau market ship. Pp. 199-246; Jürgen Osterhammel: Between Late Enlightenment and New Humanism. The school reform of Grand Duke Karl Theodor von Dalberg and the renewal of the Hanauer Gymnasium in 1812/13 in the context of German educational history. Pp. 247-260.
  • Vol. 32, 1994: Klaus Hoffmann: The palace and park complexes of Philippsruhe in the 19th century with special consideration of the two redesign phases from 1826–1829 and 1875–1880. Pp. 1-533.
  • Vol. 33, 1994: Karl Ludwig Krauskopf: 150 Years of the Hanau History Society. Pp. 1-364.
  • Vol. 34, 1996: Reinhard Dietrich : The state constitution in the Hanauischen. The position of the lords and counts in Hanau-Münzenberg based on the archival sources. Pp. 1-473.
  • Vol. 35, 1997: Karl-Heinz Ruth: The financial economy of the city of Hanau from 1936 to 1954. P. 1–654.
  • Vol. 36, 1998: Ulrike Heilmann: Energy and drinking water for quality of life. The development of the Hanau municipal utility . Pp. 1-628.
  • Vol. 37, 1999: Eckhard Meise: Conversion and Assimilation. Baptism of people of foreign denominations in Hanau until the 19th century. Pp. 1-388.
  • Vol. 38, 2000: Ulrike Heilmann: 275 Years of Hanauer Anzeiger. Mirror of history. Pp. 1-354.
  • Vol. 39, 2001: Eckehard Gottwald: Hanauer Notgeld. Pp. 1-396.
  • Bd. 40 Willi Klein: On the history of milling in the Main-Kinzig district.
  • Vol. 41 Manfred von Gall: Hanauer Journals and Letters from the American War of Independence 1776–1783 of the officers Wilhelm Rudolph von Gall, Friedrich Wilhelm von Geismar, his boys (anonymous), Jakob Heerwagen, Georg Paeusch and others involved.
  • Vol. 42 The Jewish cemetery in Hanau.
  • Vol. 43 Edgar Thielemann: Foreign and forced laborers in Hanau 1939–1945.
  • Vol. 44 Georg-Wilhelm Hanna : Ministeriality, Power and Mediatization. The knight nobles von Hutten.
  • Bd. 45 Erhard Bus , Martin Hoppe : The Thirty Years War in Hanau and the surrounding area.
  • Bd. 46 Holger Th. Gräf, Lena Haunert: From Iroquois, Canadians - the Hildebrandt diary from the American War of Independence.
  • Bd. 47 Hanau in the Napoleonic era. (2014)
  • Bd. 48 Hans-Günter Stahl: The aerial warfare over the Hanau area 1939–1945. (2015)
  • Vol. 49 Markus Häfner: Every city needs its face. The reconstruction of the city of Hanau after 1945. (2015)
  • Vol. 50 news from a troubled time. Hanau in the first decades of the 19th century. (2016)
  • Bd. 51 Christian Ottersbach: The castles of the lords and counts of Hanau (1166-1642). (2018)
  • Bd. 52 Markus Häfner: Mayor of Passion - Life and Work of Eugen Gebeschus - Lord Mayor of Hanau 1893-1916. (2018)

Hanauer writings on archeology and history

  • Vol. 1 Peter Jüngling: Hanau-Kesselstadt. On the archeology of a parish church in Hanau.
  • Vol. 2 Peter Jüngling: "This capell is still standing today ..." Contributions to the history of the Marienkapelle in Hirzbach , Hammersbach community, Main-Kinzig-Kreis.
  • Vol. 3 (not yet published)
  • Vol. 4 Nadine Zimmer: The "forgotten" graves of Galgenbruch and Teufelskaute. Barrow bronze and urnfield finds from Hanau-Steinheim and Mühlheim-Dietesheim.
  • Vol. 5 Christoph Lindner: Two small Roman fort in Hanau-Mittelbuchen.

literature

  • Ceremony “Hanauer Geschichtsverein 1844 e. V. “on September 22, 2019 . In: New Magazine for Hanau History 2019:
    • Michael Sprenger: Illuminate the past - enrich the present , pp. 239–244;
    • Claus Kaminsky : Greetings at the academic celebration “175 Years of Hanau History Association 1844 e. V. " , pp. 245-248;
    • Joachim Gauck: Freedom and Responsibility - We Citizens in Our State , pp. 249–265.
  • Karl Ludwig Krauskopf: 150 years of the Hanau History Association. Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 33, 1994.
  • Anton Merk, Richard Schaffer-Hartmann: 150 years of the Hanau History Association. The collection. Catalog for the exhibition Gallery in the Museum Hanau Schloß Philippsruhe 18 Sept. - 6 Nov. 1994. Published by the museums of the city of Hanau 1994, ISBN 3-926011-28-9 .
  • Hellmut Seier: Hanau and Kurhessen in the mirror of the Vormärz and its historical awareness. For the 150th anniversary of the Hanau History Association . In: Hessisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte 45 (1985), pp. 129–162.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ferdinand Kutsch : Hanau. 1st part , Frankfurt am Main 1923; Part 2 , Frankfurt am Main 1926 (catalogs of West and South German antiquity collections 5).
  2. ^ A. Duncker: Contributions to the research and history of the pile ditch (Limes imperii Romani Transrhenanus) in the lower Main area and the Wetterau. Journal of the Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies NF 8,1880; Fritz-Rudolf Herrmann : The archaeological research of the Roman period in Hessen. In: D. Baatz, F.-R. Herrmann: The Romans in Hesse. Theiss, Stuttgart 1989 pp. 27f .; Rainer Braun: Early research on the Upper German Limes in Baden-Württemberg. Small script knowledge Rom. Occupation History of Southwest Germany (Writings of the Limes Museum Aalen) 45, Stuttgart 1991 pp. 36, 42–44.
  3. ↑ Ernst Fabricius , Felix Hettner , Oscar von Sarwey (ed.): The Upper Germanic-Raetian Limes of the Roemerreiches / Abt. A, Vol. 2.1. P. 7.
  4. ^ Eckhard Meise : Bernhard Hundeshagen - no monument protection in Hanau in the early 19th century . In: Neues Magazin für Hanauische Geschichte 2006 , pp. 3–61, here: p. 52.
  5. ↑ KL Krauskopf 1994, p. 330.
  6. ↑ KL Krauskopf 1994, pp. 248-262 (with other sources).
  7. ^ Postcard views of Hanau from the prewar period
  8. ^ Page of the study group
  9. ↑ Hanau City Library
  10. ↑ Hanau City Archives