Historical Museum Hanau Philippsruhe Castle
The Historical Museum in Hanau is the largest of the “Museums of the City of Hanau”.
Stocks
The museum shows holdings from both the city of Hanau and the Hanau History Association . The majority of the collection is presented in Philippsruhe Castle , but the prehistoric and early historical collection in Steinheim Castle , in the Steinheim district of Hanau . The Historical Museum is the central museum for regional history and art history .
history
The Hanau Historical Museum emerged from the Museum of the Hanau History Association, which was first opened in 1875 in the office building on Schlossplatz . The collection was later shown in the Old Town Hall. When the German Goldsmith's House was established there, most of the collection moved to the Hanau City Palace . Part of the collection was destroyed in the bombing of World War II.
In 1967, three years after the Hanau city administration moved out of Philippsruhe Palace, which it had used provisionally as a town hall during the war and post-war years, the Historical Museum was opened there on June 9, 1967. The city of Hanau and the Hanauer Geschichtsverein 1844 eV designed the presentation together. The collections were partially integrated into the historical premises of the Electors and Landgraves of the House of Hesse-Kassel in the Corps de Logis .
With the Hessian regional reform in 1974, a number of surrounding places were incorporated that also wanted to be represented in museums. This led to a new museum concept: the historical museum remained in Philippsruhe Castle, the pre-historical and early history collection was relocated to Steinheim Castle in 1986 (see Steinheim Castle Museum ) and folklore, handicrafts, and crafts have been made in a former power station in Hanau-Großauheim ever since. Agriculture and industry as well as the August Gaul collection are presented ( Museum Großauheim ). Today's exhibition in the Historical Museum in Philippsruhe Palace dates back to 1987.
Showrooms
The museum is divided into
- the lower floor, in today's unadorned rooms,
- the first floor in the former residential wing and
- the top floor used for temporary exhibitions.
Exhibits
Lower floor
The lower floor is dedicated to the regional history of the city of Hanau . A site plan by Christoph Metzger - actual demolition of the city and Vestung Hanau - from 1665 shows the medieval castle, old town and new town. Original documents, posters, uniforms, badges and medals as well as everyday objects explain the story with a focus on the German Revolution 1848/49 , Hanau in the German Empire , in the First World War , in the Weimar Republic , in the Third Reich , in the Second World War, in which the old town was last was completely destroyed by Allied bombing on March 19, 1945, as well as the post-war and reconstruction period until the 1960s.
Historical documents, paintings and objects are shown. A video film documentation supplements the exhibits. An art-historical outline completes the historical exhibition:
- Hugo Leven , head of the Hanau Drawing Academy from 1909 to 1933, provided the first designs for kitchen inventory (coffee and teapot, punch bowl, jardinière, table lamp, kettle) in a style that anticipated Art Deco and Bauhaus .
- The silversmiths Christian Dell and Wilhelm Wagenfeld , students of the drawing academy, are presented as designers of characteristic Bauhaus table lamps.
- Reinhold Ewald (1890–1974) was a pupil in the German Empire and a lecturer at the drawing academy in the Weimar Republic. As a painter he represented Classical Modernism and New Objectivity in Hanau .
- Paul Hindemith , born in Hanau, is presented as a composer and painter.
- Some animal sculptures by August Gaul , also born in Hanau and trained at the drawing academy, are presented. Most of the exhibits created by him are shown in the museum in the Hanau district of Grossauheim .
In 2010, with the help of the Hessian Cultural Foundation, the painting Fruit baskets, fruit bowls, porcelain bowls, flower vases and vegetables by the Hanau painter Isaak Soreau was acquired in 1645 .
Beletage
On the main floor is the historicist interior design of the titular Landgrave Friedrich Wilhelm of Hesse-Rumpenheim and his wife, Maria Anna Friederike of Prussia from 1880 to 1884 Wood marquetry and stucco get. Apart from a few majolica tiled stoves and two Venetian chandeliers, the furniture and inventory are no longer present in the rooms - some of them are now in the Fasanerie hunting lodge near Fulda .
- In the former dining room of the Landgrave family, faiences are mainly presented by the Hanau faience factory (1661–1806), one of the first foundings of its kind in Germany. This collection is supplemented by earthenware from Hessen and Westerwald ceramics as well as pharmacy vessels from historic pharmacies in Neu-Hanau.
- The ballroom, music room and library are the former representative rooms of the landgrave's apartment. The Hanau Council Cup is kept in the library, a work by the Nuremberg goldsmith Hanns Rappolt the Younger , who came to Hanau in 1621 and took four years to complete. The reliefs shown on the goblet relate to the city of Hanau; is crowned the Cup of the figure of Lady Justice , justice, and the other three cardinal virtues are represented. The representative rooms are also decorated with paintings by artists from the 18th and 19th centuries: Wilhelm Keuffel , Johann Heinrich Tischbein the Elder , Georg Cornicelius ( Traveling Musicians , 1873), Moritz Daniel Oppenheim , Friedrich Bury , Conrad Westermayr , Carl Friedrich Deiker , Theodor Pelissier and Friedrich Karl Hausmann are the main representatives.
- In the former study of the Landgrave there is a showcase with antiques collected by the Hanau History Association, and the like. a. View glass with views of Bohemia and the Rhine as well as porcelain with painted vedute .
- The former residential wing of Anna von Preussens (salon and winter garden) forms the framework for the picture gallery of the Historical Museum. A focus is on Dutch mythological scenes and still lifes , represented by works by Abraham Bloemaert ( Venus in the forge of the Vulkan , early 17th century), Melchior de Hondecoeter , Willem van Honthorst , Gaspar Verbrugghen , Jan Fyt , Jan Oliss and Lukas Achtschellin . These significantly influenced local still life painting, represented by works by Peter Soreau ( still life with fruit with glass vase and carnations , 1637) and Jacob Marrel ( Frankfurt still life with wine glass , 2nd half of 17th century). The gallery also focuses on portrait painting, represented by Johann Henrich Appelius , Johannes Appelius and Anton Wilhelm Tischbein (the so-called Hanauer Tischbein ). The highest quality rococo portrait in the museum is Helene Christine Borries (around 1776), wife of the Hanau merchant Adam Johann Jakob Borries . Furthermore, genre scenes and architectural images are represented by Georg Karl Urlaub .
Aside from the former landgrave's apartment, a collection on this floor is dedicated to the Hanau-born Brothers Grimm , and the Hanau Paper Theater Museum has been an independent small museum with three rooms since 1990 .
The record number of visitors to the museum was in 1987 - the year it reopened after the previous fire at Philippsruhe Palace in 1984 and still without admission fee - with more than 71,000 visitors. Today the number is around 26,000 visitors per year.
Worth knowing
- There has been a support association for the museum since 2016.
literature
- Holger Dell: Historisches Museum Schloss Philippsruhe - How the Counts once lived. In: Hendrik Markgraf (Ed.): Museumslandschaft Rhein-Main. Societäts-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1991, ISBN 3-7973-0490-0 , pp. 67-69.
- Klaus Hoffmann: Philippsruhe Castle. From the baroque palace to the historical museum. CoCon, Hanau 2001.
- Karl Ludwig Krauskopf: 150 years of the Hanau History Association. Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 33, 1994 pp. 197-239.
- Anton Merk, Richard Schaffer-Hartmann: 150 years of the Hanau History Association. The collection. Catalog for the exhibition Gallery in the Museum Hanau Schloß Philippsruhe 18 Sept. - 6 Nov. 1994. Published by the museums of the city of Hanau 1994, ISBN 3-926011-28-9 .
- Cultural Office of the City of Hanau (Ed.): Museums of the City of Hanau. German goldsmith's house . Hanau no year (approx .: 1980)
- Hessischer Museumsverband (Hrsg.): Museums in Hessen. Kassel 1994, pp. 335-337. ISBN 3-9800508-8-2
Web links
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 50 ° 7 ′ 38.6 ″ N , 8 ° 53 ′ 32.7 ″ E