Hanau Province

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The province of Hanau (1848-1852 district of Hanau ) was an administrative district for internal administration on the middle level of the Electorate of Hesse . It existed from 1821 until the territorial reorganization after the annexation of Kurhessen (on Sept. 23, 1866) by Prussia . It went into the newly formed Kassel administrative district (Feb. 22, 1867). Only after a year did the administrative districts of Kassel and Wiesbaden join the newly formed Oberpräsidial district , the province of Hessen-Nassau (1868).

geography

location

The province was spatially furthest away from the heartland of the electorate and stretched in the Kinzig valley from Schlüchtern to today's inner city of Frankfurt am Main . Its current district of Bockenheim was the second largest town in the province after Hanau . It bordered only in the north-east on the Kurhessisches area, on the province of Fulda . In the east and south it bordered the Kingdom of Bavaria , in the south-west on the Hesse-Darmstadt province of Starkenburg , in the west on the free city of Frankfurt , the Duchy of Nassau , with a small, uninhabited exclave in the Taunus on Hessen-Homburg , and in the north-west and North to the Hesse-Darmstadt province of Upper Hesse . Nauheim (today: Bad Nauheim) was located there as an exclave from the Electorate of Hesse in the Hesse-Darmstadt area.

structure

The provincial capital was Hanau. The province was divided into four districts :

The province had the following judicial offices (courts of first instance), which, however, had nothing to do with the provincial government or administration, since the judiciary and administration had been separated since 1821 (also organizationally):

history

Emergence

The area of ​​the province essentially comprised the former principality of Hanau and large parts of the part of the former principality of Isenburg north of the Kinzig . In the course of the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, after the assumption of government by Elector Wilhelm II , the state's internal administration and justice were separated. (often incorrectly referred to as the organizational edict in the literature ) and the administration was separated from the judiciary. This replaced the administrative structure of Kurhessen that had been taken over from the 18th century.

Kurhessen was divided into four provinces ( Lower Hesse , Upper Hesse , Fulda and Hanau) and 22 districts. The smallest of the provinces (according to the population of 1820) was the province of Hanau with 83,988 inhabitants (for comparison, Lower Hesse, the largest of the provinces, had 281 597, Upper Hesse 100 168 and Fulda 112 748).

The Salmünster district was dissolved again on January 1, 1830 and the largest part was incorporated into the Gelnhausen district and the smaller part the Schlüchtern district. The district of Gelnhausen lost the office of Langenselbold to the district of Hanau.

1848 and the aftermath

On October 31, 1848, as part of the March Revolution, the Hessian provinces and districts were abolished. They were replaced by nine districts and 21 administrative offices. The province of Hanau was converted into the "District Hanau", which however comprised the same (since 1830 only three) districts (now called "administrative offices") as the province before.

On September 15, 1851, as part of the reaction of the now reigning Elector Friedrich Wilhelm, this was reversed and the administrative structure from 1821 was restored.

1866 and the aftermath

During the German War of 1866, the electorate was occupied by Prussia and finally annexed . For the annexed areas this meant that in 1868 they were given an administration based on the Prussian model. While the districts represented a unit compatible with the Prussian administration and were therefore taken over unchanged, this did not apply to the provinces of the Electorate of Hesse. These were repealed without replacement, and the former districts of Hesse were directly subordinate to the district president in Kassel .

Authority tip

Provincial boards were:

Worth knowing

As a result of the regional reform in Hesse , with effect from July 1, 1974, the (now) independent city of Hanau and the district of Hanau and the districts of Gelnhausen and Schlüchtern to form the new Main-Kinzig district , which encompasses almost the same area as the former province of Hanau ( except for the former Hanau areas located in the area of ​​today's city of Frankfurt am Main and the former municipality of Uttrichshausen in the east).

literature

  • Thomas Klein: Hessen-Nassau , Volume 11 of the series: Walther Hubatsch: Outline of German administrative history 1815-1945 , 1979, ISBN 3-87969-126-6

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "... that the administrative districts of Kassel and Wiesbaden are to be merged into one Oberpräsidial-Bezirke, which henceforth bears the name" Province of Hessen-Nassau "", (No. 7264.) Highest decree of December 7th, 1868. concerning the formation of the province of Hessen-Nassau . In: Law Collection for the Royal Prussian States, year 1868 - No. 78 -, prussian GS 1868, p. 1056
  2. ↑ Ordinance of June 29, 1821, concerning the restructuring of the previous state administration. In: Collection of laws, ordinances, notices and other general orders for Kurhessen from the year 1821, Hof- und Waisenhaus-Druckerei, Cassel, kurhess GS 1821 pp. 29–62 ; also in: Wilhelm Möller and Karl Fuchs (eds.): Collection of the legal provisions still valid in the Electorate of Hesse from 1813 to 1860. Elwert'sche Universitäts-Buchhandlung, Marburg and Leipzig 1866, pp. 311–351
  3. ^ Ordinance of August 30, 1821, concerning the new division of the territory. In: (Collection of laws, ordinances, notices and other general regulations for the states of the Electorate of Hesse from the year 1821, Hof- und Waisenhaus-Druckerei, Cassel) kurhess GS 1821, p. 76
  4. ↑ Law on the unification of the Kingdom of Hanover, the Electorate of Hesse, the Duchy of Nassau and the Free City of Frankfurt with the Prussian Monarchy of September 20, 1866. In: Announcement No. 6406, Collection of Laws for the Royal Prussian States (Issue No. . 47), Preuss GS, p. 555 f.
  5. ↑ Information from Klein, p. 105 f.

Web links

Commons : Province of Hanau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files