Langenselbold Court

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The Langenselbold court (also: Amt Langenselbold ) was an office in the southern Wetterau in the Middle Ages and in the early modern period and belonged mainly to the county of Isenburg .

Geographical location

The Langenselbold court was east of Hanau and west of Gelnhausen an der Gründau , which flows into the Kinzig to the west of today's city , in the southeast of the Wetterau .

history

middle Ages

Originally the Langenselbold court belonged to the territory of Kurmainz , one third of which was pledged to the Counts of Hanau in 1426 . This pledge was redeemed by the Counts of Isenburg in 1476 and has belonged to their county ever since.

Early modern age

In 1645 the Langenselbold court was merged with the Ronneburg office of Isenburg . The official seat was Ronneburg Castle between 1645 and 1698 , after which it was moved back to Langenselbold. The subordinate jurisdiction remained exempt from the merger, but the financial administration was now in the hands of a common official cellar .

19th century

Poster about the unification of all Isenburg lands in 1806,
Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt

When the (imperial) territory of the Isenburg (on May 23, 1744 the Count Birstein had advanced to prince) became a member of the Rhine Confederation ( sovereign prince over all Isenburg lands ), the office of Langenselbold also became part of the new state. Ultimately, however, the small principality did not escape mediatization : the part north of the Main was initially Austrian, and later Grand-Ducal Hessian. However, the Grand Duke of Hesse (Hessen-Darmstadt) agreed with the Elector of Hesse (Hessen-Kassel) in 1816 to divide the area. The area of ​​the Langenselbold court became part of the Electorate of Hesse . However, even after the administrative reform in 1821 , the Isenburg-Birsteiners retained sovereign rights as landlords . The district administrator (then district administrator) only carried out the state police tasks, as well as financial and military matters. In addition, the Prince of Isenburg in Birstein (the Selbold court belongs to Isenburg-Birstein) was entitled to patrimonial jurisdiction . These privileges were (finally) professional men until 1849 due to the Revolution of 1848 put

In the Electorate of Hesse there was a comprehensive administrative reform through an electoral ordinance in 1821, after the territorial reform the Langenselbold office came to the district of Gelnhausen (it had 4,498 inhabitants at that time). However, the administrative reform contained not only a territorial reform, but also a functional reform : the judiciary and administration were separated . The administration (§§ 58 ff. Of the ordinance of the higher and lower authorities for the inner state administration ) was three-tiered ([provincial] government , district council (later district administrator) in the districts and administrative local authorities ): in the cities the mayors , in towns and villages the (high) mayor . The judiciary (§§ 36 ff. Of the ordinance of the judicial authorities ) was divided into three instances: the higher appellate court as the highest court (with a civil senate and a criminal senate ) in Cassel , the higher courts in every provincial capital (Kassel, Marburg, Fulda and Hanau) and in the (regional) University of Marburg (but only for students, no longer for professors and other university staff) and the sub-courts : regional courts for the cities and districts ( of about three hours ) for Cassel, Rinteln, Marburg, Fulda, Hersfeld and Schmalkalden, as well as Hanau and the previous justice offices. A new division of the judicial districts to be issued soon has been announced for all lower courts (Section 49 of the Ordinance). There were also special forest criminal authorities .

Courts and offices in the older sense no longer existed, in the judiciary there were judicial offices, in the administration you could still find the designation district offices. On January 1, 1830, the administration in the Kinzigtal was reorganized: the Salmünster district was dissolved, and part of its area became part of Gelnhausen district . The office Langenselbold came to the district of Hanau. The Electorate of Hesse was on the losing side in the German War of 1866 and was annexed by the Prussian monarchy (= Kingdom of Prussia ) . Prussia largely retained the Hessian district division ( list of districts in the province of Hessen-Nassau ). After the Second World War , the area of ​​the former Langenselbold district became part of the newly formed state of Hesse . As part of the regional reform in Hesse , it became part of the Main-Kinzig district on July 1, 1974 .

Many landlords had voluntarily renounced their (landlord's) jurisdiction ( patrimonial jurisdiction ), including the Isenburg, whose law offices in Meerholz (Langenselbold and Meerholz courts) and Wächtersbach (Birstein and Wächtersbach courts) closed at the end of 1829 were; the Langenselbold office was still part of the Gelnhausen district at that time and only became part of the Hanau district in 1830.

Components

Municipalities and district boundary of the former Hessian district of Gelnhausen 1822–1829

Langenselbold belonged to the Electoral-Princely-Isenburg Court in 1822

literature

  • Johann Peter Eyring: The district of Hanau . In: Georg-Wilhelm Hanna (arrangement): The district of Hanau and its district administrators . Ed .: Kreissparkasse Hanau . Hanau 1989, pp. 7-11.
  • Hans Philippi : Territorial history of the county of Büdingen. Elwert, Marburg 1954 (=   writings of the Hessian Office for historical regional studies  23), esp. Pp. 151–154.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Uta Löwenstein: County Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Princes - Secular Dominions in the Hessian Area approx. 900–1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 209 .
  2. ^ Philippi: Territorialgeschichte , p. 151
  3. ↑ Article 24, Paragraph 11 of the Rhine Confederation Act (official: Contract between the Plenipotentiary Sr. Majesty of the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, and the Plenipotentiaries of German Princes named in the treaty dated July 12, 1806, as of May 25, 2013)
  4. ^ Convention Territorial entre le Grand Duc de Hesse et Electeur de Hesse . - Signèe à Francfort sur Mein, le 29 Juin, 1816. British and Foreign State Papers 1815-1816, Volume 3, Compiled by the Librarian and Keeper of the Papers, Foreign Office, James Ridgway and Sons, Piccadilly, London 1838, pp. 812-819; (mostly in German) Digitized pp. 812–819; also printed in Grindaha, issue 26, Geschichtsverein Gründau e. V., Gründau 2016 ISSN  2194-8631 pp. 4–12 with a comment by Norbert Breunig
  5. ↑ Law of November 13, 1849, the repeal of the jurisdiction exercised by the landlords and other sovereign or landlord rights . In: Collection of laws etc. for Kurhessen ( kurhess GS) 1849 p. 125 digitized
  6. ^ Ordinance of June 29, 1821 on the restructuring of the previous state administration . In (collection of laws, ordinances, notices and other general orders for Kurhessen from the year 1821, court and orphanage printing works, Cassel) kurhess GS 1821, pp. 29–62; also in: Wilhelm Möller and Karl Fuchs (eds.): Collection of the legal provisions still valid in the Electorate of Hesse from 1813 to 1860. Elwert'sche Universitäts-Buchhandlung, Marburg and Leipzig 1866, pp. 311–351
  7. ^ Georg Landau: Description of the Electorate of Hesse . Verlag Theodor Fischer, Cassel 1842, p. 595 ff. Justice Office Langenselbold
  8. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 367 .
  9. ^ Johann Peter Eyring: The district of Hanau . In: Georg-Wilhelm Hanna (arrangement): The district of Hanau and its district administrators . Ed .: Kreissparkasse Hanau . Hanau 1989 p. 8.