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City of Erlensee
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| Height : | 114 m |
| Area : | 4.84 km² |
| Residents : | 5950 |
| Population density : | 1,229 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1970 |
| Postal code : | 63526 |
| Area code : | 06183 |
Rückingen is a district of the city of Erlensee in the Main-Kinzig district in Hesse .
Geographical location
Rückingen is located in the Kinzig valley , 5.5 km northeast of Hanau . The Kinzig flows along the southern development boundary. On the Kinzig, near the old Kinzig bridge from Rückingen to Niederrodenbach, is the "Rückinger Mühle", which was used as a flour mill until 1960 and is now used to generate electricity. Rückingen is surrounded by extensive meadows that serve as a polder , especially when the Kinzig snowmelts . Rückingen also has a share in the Bulau forest area .
Rückingen borders in the north and west on Langendiebach , in the south-west on Wolfgang , in the south-east on Niederrodenbach and in the east on the town of Langenselbold .
history
prehistory
The Upper Germanic-Raetian Limes , laid out in Roman times, crossed today's local area. The Rückingen cohort fort also belonged to its complex . The foundation walls of the associated fort bath have been preserved to this day.
middle Ages
The oldest surviving mention of Rückingen comes from the year 1173. The Rückingen moated castle has existed here since at least 1248 , located directly on the Kinzig. This belonged to the Lords of Rückingen . In 1324, Rückingen was owned by Kurmainz . Here it belonged to the Langendiebach court . The castle was destroyed as a robber baron castle in 1405 by King Ruprecht of the Palatinate and the Association of Towns. In 1426 Kurmainz pledged the Langendiebach court, and with it Rückingen, to the Counts of Hanau . This pledge was redeemed in 1476 by the Counts of Isenburg . Rückingen has been part of their county since then. The Counts of Isenburg awarded Rückingen as an after-fief to the inheritance of the Lords of Rückingen and von Rüdigheim . Heirs of those von Rückingen were von Fargel , from 1714 von Kameytzki .
Modern times
In the county of Isenburg the village belonged to the Langenselbold court , later to the Principality of Isenburg-Birstein and there to the Wenings office and the Diebach court . After the Congress of Vienna , Rückingen, along with the parts of the Principality of Büdingen north of the Main , fell to the Electorate of Hesse . After the administrative reform there of 1821, during which the Electorate of Hesse was divided into four provinces and 22 districts, it was in the Hanau district . With the annexation of Kurhessen by the Kingdom of Prussia after the lost war of 1866 , Rückingen also became Prussian.
When the American troops reached the Main near Klein-Auheim on March 25, 1945 , the Protestant pastor made an attempt the following day to persuade the population to give up by hoisting a white flag on the church. Shortly afterwards he was arrested by a German officer and the white flag was removed again. At 8 a.m. on March 29, the Americans launched the attack on Rückingen. The German troops offered bitter resistance, but ultimately had no chance against the superior strength of the Allies, so that they were able to conquer the place around 2 p.m. During the fighting, the place, but especially the church, suffered severe damage.
After the war, construction began on a modern town hall in 1947 on the site of a former extinguishing water pond that had been created during the war. Due to the shortage of materials in the post-war period and the currency reform, construction work lasted until January 1950. Today the old town hall is privately owned.
Territorial reform
In the course of the regional reform in Hesse , the municipalities of Langendiebach and Rückingen in what was then the district of Hanau merged on a voluntary basis on January 1, 1970 to form the municipality of Erlensee .
Historical forms of names
- Jerkingin (1173)
- Ruckingen (after 1220)
- Ruggingin (1248)
- Rockingen (1366)
- Rickengen (1370)
population
Population development
Source: Historical local dictionary
| • 1545: | 10 interest payers for Selbold |
| Rückingen: Population from 1834 to 1970 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | Residents | |||
| 1834 | 423 | |||
| 1840 | 825 | |||
| 1846 | 859 | |||
| 1852 | 918 | |||
| 1858 | 900 | |||
| 1864 | 1,021 | |||
| 1871 | 1,057 | |||
| 1875 | 1,072 | |||
| 1885 | 1,159 | |||
| 1895 | 1,246 | |||
| 1905 | 1,349 | |||
| 1910 | 1,454 | |||
| 1925 | 1,471 | |||
| 1939 | 1,867 | |||
| 1946 | 2,755 | |||
| 1950 | 2,935 | |||
| 1956 | 3,476 | |||
| 1961 | 4.027 | |||
| 1967 | 5.123 | |||
| 1970 | 5.123 | |||
| Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968. Other sources: | ||||
Religious affiliation
Source: Historical local dictionary
| • 1885: | 1094 Protestant (= 94.39%), 22 Catholic (= 1.90%), 43 Jewish (= 3.71%) residents |
| • 1961: | 2769 Protestant (= 68.76%), 1121 Catholic (= 27.84%) residents |
religion
Evangelical
In 1311 a chapel is mentioned as a branch of the Langendiebach church , and in 1396 a priest was mentioned for the first time. There was also an appointment at the Gelnhausen Franciscan Monastery . The parish belonged to the diocese of Mainz , the central church authority was the Landkapitel Roßdorf . The Lords of Rückingen and those of Rüdigheim shared the church patronage . After the Reformation it belonged to the Prince of Isenburg-Birstein.
This chapel no longer met the requirements and a new church had to be built. Construction work began on October 30, 1899 and the church was opened on September 8, 1901. Today this church belongs to the Evangelical Church of Kurhessen-Waldeck .
Catholic
A noteworthy Catholic community only emerged in Rückingen after the Second World War, when many expellees moved to Rückingen. While the Protestant church could initially also be used by the Catholics for their worship, the need for a separate church for the Catholic community quickly arose.
The laying of the foundation stone for the Christ-König-Kirche took place on October 27, 1957, on October 13th / 14th. The church was finally consecrated on September 1st. The Christ-König-Kirche is responsible for Rückingen and Langendiebach.
Judaism
Several Jewish families were living in Rückingen as early as 1480. A synagogue with a bathroom was built right next to the moated castle in the 18th century. There was also a Jewish cemetery , the date of which is unclear.
On November 11, 1938, the synagogue was looted, but not set on fire, probably due to the many half-timbered houses in the immediate vicinity. During the Second World War, presumably in 1942, the synagogue was demolished. A memorial plaque on the moated castle reminds of the synagogue today.
coat of arms
In December 1951, the municipality of Rückingen was granted the right to use a coat of arms by the Hessian State Ministry.
Infrastructure
education
Rückingen has several kindergartens and a primary school (in the historic castle ). The next secondary school, the Georg Büchner School, is located exactly on the border between Rückingen and Langendiebach. There are grammar schools in Hanau and Bruchköbel.
traffic
Rückingen has always had heavy through traffic, especially from and towards the Kinzig valley. Previously, which ran federal highway 40 by the local area; this formerly four-lane road was dismantled within the village in 2008. Today the federal highways 66 and 45 run past the place, to which Rückingen is connected via the interchanges Erlensee and Langenselbolder Dreieck .
Bus routes connect Rückingen with Langendiebach, Langenselbold and Hanau. There used to be a rail connection with the Hanauer Kleinbahn to Hanau Nord station , today the people of Rückingen mainly use the Hanau main station . Like Niederrodenbach itself, there is no public transport connection to the geographically closest train station in Rodenbach.
Between 1896 and 1933 Rückingen had a standard-gauge connection to the rail network and three stations: Rückingen West , Rückingen East and Rückingen Ort . Passenger traffic was stopped in 1931.
Attractions
A local curiosity is the settlement of water buffalos in otherwise inhospitable wetlands east of the village. Their presence is enjoying increasing popularity.
literature
- Dietwulf Baatz , Fritz-Rudolf Herrmann (ed.): The Romans in Hessen. 2nd, revised edition. Theiss, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-8062-0599-X , pp. 466-468.
- Rudolf Knappe: Medieval castles in Hessen. 800 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. 3. Edition. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-228-6 , p. 393f.
- Heinrich Reimer : Historical local dictionary for Kurhessen. Elwert, Marburg 1926 (= publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse and Waldeck 14), p. 412f.
Web links
- Internet presence of the city of Erlensee
- Rückingen, Main-Kinzig district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
Individual references and sources
- ↑ a b c d Rückingen, Main-Kinzig district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of May 28, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ^ Willi Klein: On the history of milling in the Main-Kinzig district (= Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 40). Hanau 2003, pp. 116-118.
- ^ Uta Löwenstein: County Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Princes - secular dominions in the Hessian area approx. 900–1806. (= Handbook of Hessian History. 3, = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse. 63). Marburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 209.
- ↑ Werner Sönning, History Association Erlensee (Ed.): History sheets from Erlensee. Issue 1: War & the Post-War Period 1939–1948. Erlensee 2008.
- ↑ The old town hall of Rückingen. In: geschichte-erlensee.de.
- ↑ Merger of the communities Langendiebach and Rückingen to form the community "Erlensee" on December 17, 1969 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1970 No. 1 , p. 6 , point 10 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 4.0 MB ]).
- ↑ The synagogues. ( Memento from December 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) In: Website of the Erlensee History Society. V.
- ↑ Granting of the right to use a coat of arms to the municipality of Rückingen in the Hanau district, Wiesbaden government district on January 12, 1952 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1952 No. 2 , p. 9 , point 10 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2,3 MB ]).
- ↑ Claudia Deglau: Erlensee: Water buffalo for biodiversity. In: FAZ.NET . June 2, 2011.
- ↑ Spectator spectacle or nature conservation? - Water buffalo in Erlensee. In: regiomelder.de. August 9, 2013.