Main-Kinzig district
| coat of arms | Germany map |
|---|---|
|
Coordinates: 50 ° 12 ' N , 9 ° 12' E |
| Basic data | |
| Existing period: | 1974– |
| State : | Hesse |
| Administrative region : | Darmstadt |
| Administrative headquarters : | Gelnhausen |
| Area : | 1,397.55 km 2 |
| Residents: | 420,552 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 301 inhabitants per km 2 |
| License plate : | MKK, HU , GN, SLÜ |
| Circle key : | 06 4 35 |
| NUTS : | DE719 |
| Circle structure: | 29 municipalities |
| Address of the district administration: |
Barbarossastraße 16-24 63571 Gelnhausen |
| Website : | |
| District Administrator : | Thorsten Stolz ( SPD ) |
| Location of the Main-Kinzig district in Hesse | |
  |
|
The Main-Kinzig district is a district in the administrative district of Darmstadt in Hesse , the most populous district in the state and at the same time the largest district in terms of area in southern Hesse . Gelnhausen , the largest city in Hanau , is the district town and since July 2005 the seat of administration .
The district is located in the eastern Rhine-Main area . The densely populated southwestern part of the district around the cities of Hanau and Maintal is also part of the Frankfurt metropolitan area . The district was created in 1974 through the merger of the districts of Hanau , Gelnhausen and Schlüchtern with the independent city of Hanau. In addition, through incorporations, places came to the Main-Kinzig district that had not previously belonged to the old districts, e.g. B. Heldenbergen as a district of Nidderau and Büdesheim as a district of Schöneck , which until then belonged to the Friedberg district , as well as today's Hanau districts of Steinheim and Klein-Auheim , previously Offenbach district . In 1977 the city of Bergen-Enkheim , which initially belonged to the Main-Kinzig district, became a district of Frankfurt am Main . In addition, the parish-free estate district of Spessart lies in the area of the Main-Kinzig district.
The administrative seat of the district is in the Main-Kinzig-Forum in Gelnhausen.
geography
location
The district takes its name from the two main rivers, the Main , which forms the southwestern boundary of the district, and its right tributary, the Kinzig , which flows through the district from northeast to southwest. The landscapes around the Kinzig are the foothills of the Vogelsberg , Spessart and the western Rhön . The Ronneburg hill country and the Büdinger forest extend north of the Kinzig . The highest mountain in the Main-Kinzig district is the Hague at 584.6 m above sea level. NHN.
Neighboring areas
The Main-Kinzig-Kreis borders in a clockwise direction in the northwest on the Wetteraukreis , the Vogelsbergkreis , the Fulda district (all in Hesse), the Bad Kissingen , Main-Spessart and Aschaffenburg districts (all in Bavaria ) and the Offenbach and districts the independent cities Offenbach am Main and Frankfurt am Main (all again in Hesse).
history
.png)
The current district area used to be split up into numerous domains. The Counts of Hanau and the Hutten noble houses (died out in 1704) had a large share ; the part counties Ysenburg and Büdingen in Büdingen , in sea timber and in Wächtersbach were 1806 mediated and in that the Rheinbund belonging Principality Isenburg incorporated, they came to a division of the state 1816, to the Grand Duchy of Hesse (Hesse-Darmstadt) and Kurhesse (Hesse-Kassel) .
On August 21, 1821, Kurhessen was divided into circles. The new districts of Hanau , Gelnhausen , Salmünster and Schlüchtern formed the province of Hanau , the southernmost of the four provinces of the country (with different units of measurement and different currencies than the north). On January 1, 1830, the Salmünster district was dissolved and its communities distributed to the neighboring Gelnhausen and Schlüchtern districts.
1866 Kurhessen by Prussia annexed in 1867 its territory was in the new Kassel transferred; the province of Hanau was dissolved. The district of Gelnhausen received most of the Orb district (until 1862 Orb district court ) from the Kingdom of Bavaria , which was formally administered by a specially appointed bailiff for about 20 years (this was regularly the district administrator of the Gelnhausen district at that time).
In 1885, the Hanau district was reduced in size by the separation of the new Frankfurt district and the spin-off of the city of Hanau.
Since then, the two districts (Gelnhausen and Schlüchtern, they were only called districts after World War II) as well as the now independent city of Hanau and the district of Hanau remained largely unchanged until the 1970s. However, Hanau and the three districts changed the administrative district twice, they came to the Wiesbaden district in 1944 and to the Darmstadt district in 1968 .
In the run-up to the regional reform in Hesse , numerous variants were discussed as to how one could create larger units from the districts that had become too small. In the Kinzig valley, they finally agreed on the “big solution”: the merger of the three districts and the city of Hanau to form the new Main-Kinzig district, the most populous in Hesse. The merger was completed on July 1, 1974. At the same time, the communities of Klein-Auheim and Steinheim , which had previously belonged to the Offenbach district, were incorporated into the city of Hanau.
The city of Hanau, as a city with a special status (over 50,000 inhabitants), retained some special rights. For years she had z. B. has its own social welfare office and its own admissions office.
On January 1, 1977, until then belonging to the Main-Kinzig-Kreis community was Bergen-Enkheim to Frankfurt incorporated. On the same day, the community of Züntersbach was incorporated into the community of Sinntal .
Today, the Main-Kinzig district with around 410,000 inhabitants is the most populous district in Hesse, with an area of around 1400 km² it is in fourth place.
Population development
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1975 | 368.100 | |
| 1980 | 360,900 | |
| 1990 | 375,000 | |
| 2000 | 405.942 | |
| 2010 | 407,409 | |
| 2015 | 409.043 |
politics
District council
The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:
| Diagram showing the election results and the distribution of seats | |
|---|---|
|
Local election in the Main-Kinzig district in 2016
% 40 30th 20th 10
0
33.6%
27.1%
14.6%
8.3%
5.7%
5.0%
3.3%
0.9%
1.3%
Gains and losses
compared to 2011
% p 16 14th 12 10 8th 6th 4th 2
0
-2 -4 -6 -8th -2.0 % p
-6.0 % p
+ 14.6 % p
-6.8 % p
+ 2.4 % p
± 0.0 % p
+ 0.1 % p
-0.6 % p
-1.8 % p
Remarks:
i 2016: NPD 0.9%, PIRATES 0.4%; 2011: PIRATES 1.7%, NPD 1.4%
|
|
| Nominations | % 2016 |
Seats 2016 |
% 2011 |
Seats 2011 |
% 2006 |
Seats 2006 |
% 2001 |
Seats 2001 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 33.6 | 29 | 35.6 | 31 | 35.4 | 31 | 40.0 | 37 |
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 27.1 | 24 | 33.1 | 29 | 38.6 | 34 | 38.1 | 35 |
| AfD | Alternative for Germany | 14.6 | 13 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| GREEN | Alliance 90 / The Greens | 8.3 | 7th | 15.1 | 13 | 7.6 | 7th | 8.3 | 8th |
| FDP | Free Democratic Party | 5.7 | 5 | 3.3 | 3 | 6.2 | 5 | 4.0 | 4th |
| FW | Free voters Main-Kinzig-Kreis | 5.0 | 4th | 5.0 | 4th | 4.6 | 4th | 3.7 | 3 |
| THE LEFT. | THE LEFT. | 3.3 | 3 | 3.2 | 3 | 3.6 | 3 | 0.9 | 1 |
| REP | The Republicans | 0.9 | 1 | 1.5 | 1 | 4.0 | 3 | 5.0 | 5 |
| NPD | National Democratic Party of Germany | 0.9 | 1 | 1.4 | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| PIRATES | Pirate Party Germany | 0.4 | - | 1.7 | 2 | - | - | - | - |
| total | 100.0 | 87 | 100.0 | 87 | 100.0 | 87 | 100.0 | 93 | |
| Voter turnout in% | 49.0 | 46.7 | 45.1 | 45.1 | |||||
District administrators
- 1974–1987 Hans Rüger , CDU
- 1987-2005 Karl Eyerkaufer , SPD
- 2005–2017 Erich Pipa , SPD
- 2017– Thorsten Stolz , SPD
Coat of arms, flag and banner
Hoist flag
Banner flag
The Main-Kinzig district has a coat of arms as well as a hoist and banner flag .
|
|
Blazon : “Divided and half-split: Above, in red, a gold-armored, silver swan growing out of a silver corrugated shield base; below in front in gold a red armored black eagle with a silver breastplate with a black bar; two golden diagonal bars in red at the bottom. " |
| Reasons for the coat of arms: The swan stands for the County of Hanau and was already featured in the old Hanau coat of arms. The eagle was taken from the old district coat of arms of Gelnhausen and the sloping beams refer to the gentlemen of Hutten and the old district of Schlüchtern. The wave bar stands for the two rivers that gave the circle its name. The coat of arms was awarded on December 30, 1980. |
Description of the flag: “The flag shows on a white strip bordered by two red stripes each with a yellow thread, in a ratio of 1: 3: 1, the coat of arms in the half of the leech. The banner shows on a white, covered by two red side stripes with a yellow thread each, bordered in a ratio of 1: 3: 1, the coat of arms in the middle clearly offset upwards. "
Communities
(Residents on December 31, 2019)
|
|
economy
In the Future Atlas 2016 , the district was ranked 118th out of 402 rural districts, municipal associations and independent cities in Germany, making it one of the regions with “future opportunities”. In the 2019 edition, it was ranked 102nd out of 401.
The spectrum of companies based at various locations in the district ranges from modern large-scale industry and small and medium-sized manufacturing companies to innovative craft companies and the number of new start-ups that has grown significantly in recent years. In the last quarter of a century, medium-sized industry continues to shape the economic face of the region. The high level of large-scale industry in the Main-Kinzig district is remarkable. Seven of the 100 largest industrial companies in Hesse are located in the Main-Kinzig district. Among the companies based in the district are numerous world-class companies, such as B. Evonik Industries , Infracor, WOCO , Heraeus , Dunlop , Veritas , Engelbert Strauss , Norma Group and the Anvis Group . Other large resident companies include Putzmeister , Bien-Zenker , and the Birkenstock plant in Steinau an der Straße .
media
The Gelnhäuser Neue Zeitung is available as a daily newspaper . The regional radio station Main-Kinzig-Welle reports from Gründau .
Culture
As part of the Main-Kinzig-Fulda cultural summer, numerous events in the fields of art, theater, music, film and literature take place every year. Once a year, the Kinzigtal total bike Sunday takes place.
education
The Main-Kinzig-Kreis has a dense network of primary and secondary schools. The grammar schools and vocational schools are largely concentrated in the former district towns of Hanau, Gelnhausen and Schlüchtern. In addition, the Kopernikusschule, the largest general education school in Germany, is located in Freigericht.
The educational situation in the Main-Kinzig-Kreis is considered to be good, since after elementary school every pupil is given all educational qualifications up to and including the Abitur close to their home. As a special status city, the city of Hanau functions as its own school authority. Thanks to a cooperation with the Main-Kinzig-Kreis, children and young people from the surrounding area can also visit the Hanau facilities.
In the eastern part of the Main-Kinzig district, the number of students has been falling for years. Between 2000 and 2012 they decreased by 30%. Starting in 2012, the school authorities and parents discussed possible alternatives to school closings as part of a mediation phase and agreed on a common solution: the establishment of network schools. In the 2015/16 academic year, four network schools started operations.
traffic
The federal highways 66 ( Frankfurt - Fulda ) and 45 ( Aschaffenburg - Dortmund ) run through the district . Furthermore, several federal, state and district roads open up the district area, including the B 43 and B 45 . The entire length of the district is traversed by the mainline Frankfurt – Fulda– Berlin / Hamburg / Dresden ( Kinzig Valley Railway ). In the south-western part of the district, the long-distance line Frankfurt– Würzburg - Nuremberg - Munich intersects at the Hanau railway junction . Routes of regional importance for passenger traffic are:
- Hanau - Friedberg
- Bad Vilbel - Stockheim
- Gelnhausen - Giessen
- Hanau - Erbach - Eberbach
- Hanau - Schöllkrippen.
In Bad Soden-Salmünster there is the Kinzig valley bridge , the longest motorway bridge in Hesse.
The responsible body or management organization for local public transport is the Main-Kinzig roundabout company (KVG). The KVG MKK is part of the Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund (RMV). On behalf of KVG Main-Kinzig, 16 different bus companies operate around 100 bus routes, which are marked as MKK-xx in the RMV .
The Hessian long-distance cycle route R3 leads from west to east through the district. There is a connection to the Vulkanradweg via the Vogelsberger Südbahnradweg .
Also worth mentioning are the two major projects, the Nordmainische S-Bahn and the upgraded and new line Hanau – Würzburg / Fulda – Erfurt , which are to create capacity on the heavily congested Kinzig Valley Railway in the future .
Electromobility
A number of charging stations for electric cars and pedelecs have already been set up in the entire district . Most of the charging stations were set up by the Main-Kinzig district works in cooperation with Park & Charge . These charging stations are published on the Main-Kinzig District Works website. Many other charging stations can be found on the maps on the GoingElectric.de website.
Hospitals
German Goldsmith's House (Old Town Hall) in Hanau
Hanau harbor
Grimm Museum with the Frog King in Steinau
Marienkirche in Gelnhausen
Mountain church in Gründau-Niedergründau
License Plate
On July 1, 1974, the district was assigned the HU distinctive sign , which had been valid for the Hanau district since July 1, 1956 . Since June 1, 2005 , the new MKK distinction has been in effect for the entire district with the exception of the special status city of Hanau, which retained the HU identifier .
As part of the license plate liberalization , the distinctive signs GN (Gelnhausen) and SLÜ (Schlüchtern) have been optionally available in the entire district outside the special status city of Hanau since January 2, 2013 , as well as the HU (Hanau) distinctive sign again since June 15, 2016 .
Until the 1990s, vehicles from the old districts received special HU identification numbers:
| area | Letters | numbers |
|---|---|---|
| Altkreis Hanau (with the city of Hanau) |
A to Z | 1 to 999 |
| AA to PZ | ||
| Old district of Gelnhausen | VA to VZ | |
| XA to XZ | ||
| UA to UZ | ||
| Altkreis Schlüchtern | YA to ZZ |
Web links
- Official website of the Main-Kinzig-Kreis
- Main-Kinzig district. Historical local dictionary. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- Literature from and about Main-Kinzig-Kreis in the catalog of the German National Library
- Link catalog on the topic of Main-Kinzig-Kreis at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
- Christoph Schmidt-Lunau: Health Department in the Corona Crisis: On the Infection Front. In: The daily newspaper . June 8, 2020 (report).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ^ Convention Territorial entre le Grand Duc de Hesse et Electeur de Hesse . - Signèe à Francfort sur Mein, le 29 Juin, 1816. British and Foreign State Papers 1815-1816, Volume 3, Compiled by the Librarian and Keeper of the Papers, Foreign Office, James Ridgway and Sons, Piccadilly, London: 1838, p 812-819; (mostly in German) digital copy ; also printed in Grindaha, issue 26, Geschichtsverein Gründau e. V., Gründau 2016 ISSN 2194-8631 pp. 4–12 with a comment by Norbert Breunig
- ↑ Ordinance of June 29, 1821 on the restructuring of the previous state administration , in (collection of laws, ordinances, notices and other general orders for Kurhessen from the year 1821, court and orphanage printer, Cassel) kurhess GS 1821, p. 29 -62; also in: Wilhelm Möller and Karl Fuchs (eds.): Collection of the legal provisions still valid in the Electorate of Hesse from 1813 to 1860. Elwert'sche Universitäts-Buchhandlung, Marburg and Leipzig 1866, pp. 311–351
- ↑ Achtmann, Friedel, Hans See , Rüger: The Main-Kinzig-Kreis as an alternative - regional reform in Hesse, investigations by the structural department of the Hanau district . Hanau 1971.
- ↑ The Hessian Minister of the Interior (HdMI): Proposals for regional reorganization at the district level in Hessen Wiesbaden (May) 1971, 106 pages
- ↑ The Hessian Minister of the Interior (HdMI): Proposals for the regional restructuring of the districts of Gelnhausen, Hanau and Schlüchtern and the city of Hanau - hearing procedure Wiesbaden (March) 1972, 64 pages
- ^ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Gelnhausen, Hanau and Schlüchtern and the city of Hanau as well as the recirculation of the cities of Fulda, Hanau and Marburg (Lahn) concerning questions of March 12, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 9 , p. 149 , § 18 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.0 MB ]).
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 384 f .
- ↑ Main-Kinzig district. Historical local dictionary. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1976
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Main-Kinzig-Kreis. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office
- ↑ Population in the administrative districts on September 30, 2010 and population processes in the 3rd quarter of 2010. Hessian State Statistical Office, archived from the original on May 10, 2011 ; accessed on May 31, 2019 .
- ↑ Population in the administrative districts on June 30, 2015 and change in population in the 2nd quarter of 2015. Hessian State Statistical Office, archived from the original on March 24, 2016 ; accessed on May 31, 2019 .
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Results of the district elections of 2016 and 2011
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Results of the district elections of 2011 and 2006
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Results of the district elections of 2006 and 2001
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Results of the district elections of 2001 and 1997
- ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ↑ Zukunftsatlas 2016. Archived from the original ; accessed on March 23, 2018 .
- ↑ PROGNOS future atlas. Handelsblatt, accessed on December 10, 2019 .
Counties: Bergstrasse | Darmstadt-Dieburg | Fulda | Casting | Gross-Gerau | Hersfeld-Rotenburg | Hochtaunuskreis | Kassel (Country) | Lahn-Dill-Kreis | Limburg-Weilburg | Main-Kinzig-Kreis | Main-Taunus-Kreis | Marburg-Biedenkopf | Odenwaldkreis | Offenbach (State) | Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis | Schwalm-Eder district | Vogelsbergkreis | Waldeck-Frankenberg | Werra-Meißner district | Wetteraukreis
Independent cities: Darmstadt | Frankfurt am Main | Kassel | Offenbach am Main | Wiesbaden