Ronneburg hill country

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The Ronneburg hill country is the southwestern slope of the Büdinger Forest to the Wetterau northeast of Hanau in Hesse. It is named after the Ronneburg castle .

View from the Ronneburg towards Frankfurt (SW). In the middle of the picture Altwiedermus , on the right the wooded Marköbel mountain ridge.

The landscape name was coined in the 1950s by the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany , which differentiated between the actual Ronneburg hill country (in the narrower sense) and that in the broader sense. The second referred to there a somewhat larger area that crosses the Kinzig to the southeast and represents a main unit in terms of natural space . In subsequent publications ( Blatt Frankfurt 1967, Die Natur Raum Hessens 1988), however, the term was limited to the part to the right of the Kinzig and the entire landscape was renamed Büdingen-Meerholzer Bergfußland and Büdingen-Meerholzer Hügelland . However, this term has hardly established itself so far, and the Ronneburger Hügelland is still often used to describe the somewhat larger overall landscape .

geography

Location and limits

The Ronneburg hill country is flanked in the northwest by the Nidder between Glauberg (N) and Windecken (W), the Ronneburg hill country in the narrower sense in the south to southeast by the Kinzig between Gelnhausen (SE) and Rückingen (S). Centrally located on the northeastern Interface to Büdinger forest is Büdingen , Burg Ronneburg is located just east of the center.

To the south of the Kinzig, between Gelnhausen and Rückingen and Alzenau, the northwestern Spessart foreland joins, which continues the hilly landscape.

Natural structure

The Ronneburg hill country is naturally structured as follows (area data according to Klausing 1988):

  • (to 20–23 Upper Rhine lowlands )
    • (to 23 Rhine-Main-Lowlands)
      • 233 Büdingen-Meerholzer Hügelland (= Ronneburger Hügelland in the broader sense ; 323.88 km²)
        • 233.0 Ronneburg hill country ( in the narrower sense ; 219.02 km²)
          • 233.00 Ronneburg mountain ridge (152.25 km²)
          • 233.01 Ronneburg plateau (66.77 km²)
        • 233.1 Gelnhäuser Kinzigtal (31.91 km²)
        • 233.2 Northwestern Spessart foreland (72.95 km²)

Around 13.80 km² of units 233.21 and 233.22 are also located in Bavaria.

landscape

Today the eastern edge of the Wetterau is mainly used for agriculture due to the high-yield loess soils . Like the Heldenbergener Wetterau to the west, the Ronneburg hill country appears as a flat undulating landscape that rises slightly to the Vogelsberg . There the loess cover is reduced to the valley basins. The heights often represent the remains of a basaltic blanket. In the river valleys of Nidder , Krebsbach , Fallbach and Gründau, there are red-lying sediments (clay and sandstone), which are overlaid by the increasingly closed basaltic blanket towards the Vogelsberg.

In the south, the natural spatial unit is bounded by the Kinzig valley . In the northeast the red sandstone block of the Büdinger Forest joins, which extends far to the west between Vogelsberg and Ronneburg hill country.

The flat, undulating, western part has heights between 160 and 190 m. To the east the terrain rises up to 260 m. Here the Ronneburg plateau merges into a more moving relief. This is characterized by several mountain ridges running SW-NE (including Himbacher mountain ridge, Marköbeler mountain ridge, Ronneburg forest). They are mostly forested and represent the remains of the basalt cover of the southern Vogelsberg, cut up in the shape of a tongue.

View from the keep of the Ronneburg approximately to the north, Büdingen in the back on the right, Diebach am Haag in front and on the left (wooded) the northern part of the Marköbel mountain ridge with the Hardeck castle ruins (not visible).

Rivers and ridges

The Ronneburg hill country is cut into individual segments by river valleys running from northeast to southwest:

Nidder and Seemenbach come from the Hohen Vogelsberg and drain to the Nidda . Its valleys are already deeply carved in the Büdinger Forest, which also applies to the Gründau, which rises on the southern edge of the Lower Vogelsberg. Opposite this are the sources of Krebsbach and Fallbach in the hill country itself.

In the north- western Spessart foreland, which is clearly separated by the deep Muldental of the Kinzig (source in the northern Spessart ), there are no further Variscan valleys, apart from the lower reaches of the Kahl near Alzenau in the extreme south, which forms a dividing line between Oberrodenbacher Hügelland and Hahnenkamm foreland. Rather, the short streams run Hercynian , that is, towards the northwest. The Rodenbach , the Hasselbach and the Birkigsbach , which runs parallel to the northeast, are particularly worth mentioning here . The border runs along the latter from the Oberrodenbacher (west, at Altenmarkskopf 269 ​​m) to the Meerholzer (at Rauenberg 280 m) hill country.

The eponymous castle Ronneburg

history

The eastern section of the Wetterau Limes runs through the Ronneburg hill country as part of the Upper Germanic-Raetian Limes with the castles Altenstadt , Marköbel and Rückingen . The Limes included the fertile areas of the Wetterau and ran through the natural area in an approximately exact north-south direction.

The landscape was named after Ronneburg Castle , which is located on a striking basalt cone above the Fallbach valley and can be seen from afar.

literature

  • Peter Prinz-Grimm and Ingeborg Grimm: Wetterau and Mainebene. Borntraeger, Berlin / Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-443-15076-4 ( collection of geological guides 93 ), esp.p. 7.
  • Kurt Lotz: The history of the earth or geology of the Hessian Kinzig valley. Dausien, Hanau 1983, ISBN 3-7684-6359-1 , pp. 63-72.
  • Lothar Nitsche / Sieglinde Nitsche: Nature reserves in Hessen. Protect - experience - care. Volume 1 - Main-Kinzig-Kreis and City of Hanau. Published by the Naturschutzring Nordhessen eV and the Hessian Society for Ornithology and Nature Conservation eV, Main-Kinzig working group. Cognitio, Niedenstein 2002, ISBN 3-932583-05-1 , p. 17f.
  • Alfred Pletsch: Hessen. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft Darmstadt 1989, ISBN 3-534-06206-X ( Wissenschaftliche Länderkunden 8; Federal Republic of Germany and Berlin (West) 3 ), pp. 41–46, especially p. 43.
  • Günther Seidenschwann: Geology and geomorphology of the Main-Kinzig district - the natural area and its development. In: Guide to archaeological monuments in Germany 27. Hanau and the Main-Kinzig district. Theiss-Verlag, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8062-1119-1 , pp. 13-25 (esp. P. 22f .: Südliche Wetterau and Ronneburger Hügelland ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This also applies to the BfN's landscape profile, see web links.
  2. ↑ Map and legend of the natural areas of Hesse (online copy of Die Naturraum Hessens , Otto Klausing 1988) in the Hessen Environmental Atlas of the Hessian State Office for Environment and Geology
  3. ↑ Brigitte Schwenzer: Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 139 Frankfurt. Bundesanstalt für Landeskunde, Bad Godesberg 1967. → Online map
  4. ↑ Name after Klausing 1988; referred to in Blatt Frankfurt as Büdingen-Meerholzer Bergfußland .
  5. ^ Emil Meynen , Josef Schmithüsen : Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany . Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen / Bad Godesberg 1953–1962 (9 deliveries in 8 books, updated map 1: 1,000,000 with main units 1960).
  6. ↑ Name after Klausing 1988; simply referred to as Kinzigtal in Blatt Frankfurt .
  7. ↑ In the handbook (3rd delivery 1956) the entire landscape to the left of the Kinzig is referred to as the Oberrodenbacher Hügelland .
  8. ↑ Name after Klausing 1988; referred to in Blatt Frankfurt as Meerholzer Vorland .
  9. ↑ Natural areas of the main unit groups 23, 14 and 35 in the Bavaria Atlas of the Bavarian State Government -  Rhine-Main-Tiefland , Odenwald, Spessart, Südrhön and Rhön ( notes )
  10. ↑ Peter Prinz-Grimm and Ingeborg Grimm: Wetterau and Mainebene. Borntraeger, Berlin / Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-443-15076-4 ( collection of geological guides 93 ), p. 7.
  11. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  12. ↑ Water map service of the Hessian Ministry for the Environment, Climate Protection, Agriculture and Consumer Protection ( information )

Web links

Commons : Ronneburger Hügelland  - Collection of images, videos and audio files