Marquetry
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Marquetry
Community Hammerbach
Coordinates: 50 ° 13 ′ 19 ″ N , 8 ° 59 ′ 7 ″ E
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| Height : | 134 (131–167) m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 13.45 km² |
| Residents : | 1683 (1970) |
| Population density : | 125 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | December 31, 1970 |
| Postal code : | 63546 |
| Area code : | 06185 |
.JPG) Marköbel with the distinctive buildings Obertor, Church, Untertor (from left to right)
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Marköbel is a district of the Hammersbach community in the Main-Kinzig district of Hesse .
geography
location
Marköbel is located in the Ronneburg hill country on the Hammersbach at an altitude of 135 meters above sea level , about 10.5 km northeast of Hanau .
The hamlet Hirzbacherhöfe and the state domain Baiersröderhof belong to the place .
Neighboring places
| Langen-Bergheim | ||
| Hirzbacherhöfe |
.svg)
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Buttocks |
| Neuberg (Hesse) |
history
Roman times
In the area of the village there was a Roman fort that was part of the Upper German-Raetian Limes . This was supplemented by a fort bath and a civil settlement (“ Vicus ”).
middle Ages
The oldest surviving mention of the place is in a document from the year 839. In it, Emperor Ludwig the Pious transferred property and bondage to Marköbel to his loyal Eckhart , which his father had previously owned as an imperial feudal system . In 1220 King Friedrich II moved the market from Marköbel to Gelnhausen .
In the late Middle Ages Marköbel belonged to the Office Windecken the rule and from 1429 county of Hanau , according to the provincial division of 1458 to Hanau-Münzenberg .
In 1368 Ulrich III. von Hanau from Emperor Karl IV. a privilege in which he granted the place the freedoms and rights of the city of Hanau. Marköbel also owned a so-called "Spilhus", which served as a town hall and meeting place.
In 1298 a church was attested for the place, which had its own pastor, for 1338 a parish is also documented. It belonged to the Archdiocese of Mainz . Middle church authorities were the Landkapitel Roßdorf and the archdeaconate of the provost of the church St. Maria ad Gradus in Mainz . In 1298 2/3 of the patronage of the church was held by the Lords of Falkenstein and 1/3 by the Lords of Hanau. In 1490 the 2/3 Falkenstein shares are transferred to Isenburg-Büdingen , and in 1511 to Isenburg-Birstein .
Historical forms of names
In documents that have been preserved, Marköbel was mentioned under the following names (the year in which it was mentioned in brackets):
- Cavilla (839)
- Kebella (1057)
- Gag (1220)
- Markivele (1272)
- Margkebel (1289)
- Markebel (1289)
Modern times
The Reformation was gradually introduced in the county of Hanau-Münzenberg in the middle of the 16th century , initially in the Lutheran sense. In a “second Reformation”, the denomination of the County of Hanau-Münzenberg was changed again: from 1597 Count Philipp Ludwig II pursued a decidedly reformed church policy. He made use of the Jus reformandi , his right as sovereign to determine the denomination of his subjects and made this largely binding for the county. The Protestant parish belonged to the class ( deanery ) Windecken and it also included the residents of the Hirzbacherhöfe and Baiersröder Höfe.
Today's historic town hall was built after the Thirty Years' War . This was the seat of the court. In 1741 the Protestant church was built by the master builder Christian Ludwig Hermann over a previous building, which in turn partially included the Roman fort bath. The lower mill, the wolf mill and the reed mill were within the local area. Outside was the upper mill.
With the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , 1736, Marköbel fell - together with the entire county of Hanau-Münzenberg - to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel , from which the Electorate of Hesse emerged at the beginning of the 19th century . During the Napoleonic period, Marköbel was under French military administration from 1806, belonged to the Principality of Hanau from 1807 to 1810 and then from 1810 to 1813 to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , Department of Hanau . Then it fell back to the Electorate of Hesse. In the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse of 1821, within the framework of which the Electorate of Hesse was divided into four provinces and 22 districts, Marköbel came to the newly formed district of Hanau . In 1835 the Jewish community of Marköbels established a Jewish cemetery which was used until 1937.
In 1866 the electorate - and with it Marköbel - was annexed by Prussia after the German-Austrian War . After the Second World War , Marköbel belonged to the state of Hesse.
In the course of the regional reform in Hesse , the municipality "Hammersbach" in the district of Hanau was formed on December 31, 1970 through the voluntary merger of the communities Langen-Bergheim from the district of Büdingen and Marköbel with Hirzbach and the state domain Baiersröderhof from the district of Hanau .
population
Population development
Source: Historical local dictionary
| • 1632: | 91 families, including 4 Jewish families |
| • 1707: | 88 families |
| • 1753: | 136 households and 8 Jews with a total of 639 people |
| • 1812: | 156 fire places, 830 souls |
| Marköbel: Population figures from 1753 to 1970 | ||||
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| year | Residents | |||
| 1753 | 639 | |||
| 1812 | 830 | |||
| 1834 | 1,187 | |||
| 1840 | 1,214 | |||
| 1846 | 1,299 | |||
| 1852 | 1,159 | |||
| 1858 | 1,089 | |||
| 1864 | 1,093 | |||
| 1871 | 1,127 | |||
| 1875 | 1.107 | |||
| 1885 | 1,190 | |||
| 1895 | 1,281 | |||
| 1905 | 1.310 | |||
| 1910 | 1,318 | |||
| 1925 | 1,374 | |||
| 1939 | 1,353 | |||
| 1946 | 1,958 | |||
| 1950 | 1,847 | |||
| 1956 | 1,620 | |||
| 1961 | 1,587 | |||
| 1967 | 1,638 | |||
| 1970 | 1,683 | |||
| Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968. Other sources: | ||||
Religious affiliation
Source: Historical local dictionary
| • 1885: | 1053 Protestant, 3 Catholic, 15 other Christians and 91 Jewish residents |
| • 1961: | 1411 Protestant, 162 Roman Catholic residents |
church
The old Protestant church in Marköbel survived the local destruction in the Thirty Years' War, but had to be replaced by a new building on the old tower due to severe structural damage in 1741/1742. This was built in the shape of a transverse church.
Infrastructure
traffic
The state roads L3009 and L3195 meet in the village . The federal motorway 45 runs on the outskirts , whose ramp 40 ( Hammersbach ) is three kilometers away via the L3195.
The KreisVerkehrsGesellschaft Main-Kinzig (KVG) ensures local public transport within the framework of the Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund .
Long-distance cycle routes
The German Limes Cycle Route runs through the town. This follows the Upper German-Raetian Limes over 818 km from Bad Hönningen on the Rhine to Regensburg on the Danube .
literature
- Hammersbach community council: 1150 years of Marköbel. 850 years of Baiersröderhof . Hammersbach 1989.
- Peter Gbiorczyk: The history of the "two Reformations" in the county of Hanau-Münzenberg using the example of the rural community of Marköbel (1519–1670). 2017 ( online PDF; 18 MB)
- Georg Ulrich Großmann : South Hesse. Art guide. Imhof, Petersberg 2004, ISBN 3-935590-66-0 , p. 139.
- Willi Klein: On the history of milling in the Main-Kinzig district = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 40. Hanau 2003, pp. 355–358.
- Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hesse-Nassau area = writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau 16 (1937). ND 1984, p. 40 f.
- Heinrich Reimer : Historical local dictionary for Kurhessen. Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 14, 1926 p. 283.
- Fred Schwind : Marköbel in the Middle Ages. From Roman times to the Thirty Years War . In: Burg, Dorf, Kloster, Stadt = contributions to the history of Hesse and the medieval constitutional history. Selected essays by Fred Schwind. 1999, pp. 221-267.
- Literature on Marköbel in the Hessian Bibliography
Web links
- Website of the Hammersbach community
- Marköbel, Main-Kinzig-Kreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Marköbel, Main-Kinzig-Kreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2019). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ↑ Amalgamation of the communities of Langen-Bergheim in the district of Büdingen and Markgöbel in the district of Hanau to form the new community "Hammersbach" in the district of Hanau on August 5, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 3 , p. 110 , point 112 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.5 MB ]).
- ↑ In the years 1632, 1707 and 1754 the number of inhabitants in the county of Hanau was determined. The figures are reproduced here after Erhard Bus: The consequences of the great war - the west of the county of Hanau-Munzenberg after the Peace of Westphalia . In: Hanauer Geschichtsverein 1844 : The Thirty Years War in Hanau and the surrounding area = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 45 (2011), ISBN 978-3-935395-15-9 , pp. 277-320 (289 ff.)
- ↑ For more details see Kathrin Ellwardt: Church building between evangelical ideals and absolutist rule. The cross churches in the Hessian area from the Reformation century to the Seven Years War . Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2004, ISBN 3-937251-34-0