Province of Lower Hesse
The province of Niederhessen was an administrative district of the middle level of the Electorate of Hesse and existed from 1821 until it was abolished as a result of the annexation of Electorate Hesse by Prussia in 1868, with the exception of the years 1848-1852.
history
In the course of the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, after Elector Wilhelm II took office , the administrative structure of the Electorate of Hesse , which dates back to the 18th century, was replaced and restructured. The country was divided into four provinces and 22 counties . One of these provinces created by ordinance of August 30, 1821 was the province of Niederhessen.
On October 31, 1848, as part of the March Revolution, the Hessian provinces and districts were abolished. They were replaced by nine districts and 21 administrative offices. The province of Niederhessen was replaced by the districts of Eschwege , Fritzlar , Hersfeld , Kassel and Rinteln . On September 15, 1851, as part of the reaction of the now reigning Elector Friedrich Wilhelm, this was reversed and the administrative structure from 1821 was restored.
In the German War of 1866, the Electorate of Hesse was occupied by Prussia and finally annexed. For the annexed areas this meant that in 1868 they were given an administration based on the Prussian model. While rural districts represented a unit compatible with the Prussian administration and were therefore taken over unchanged, this did not apply to the provinces of the Electorate of Hesse. These were canceled without replacement and the districts were directly subordinated to the Kassel administrative district.
structure
The provincial capital was Kassel . The province, which made up half of the electorate, was divided into 10 districts :
- Fritzlar district
- Hofgeismar district
- Homberg district
- District of Kassel
- Melsungen district
- Rotenburg district
- County of Schaumburg
- Witzenhausen district
- Wolfhagen district
District President
The administrative head of the province of Niederhessen was the provincial government, at the head of which was the district president.
District President
- 1821–1834: Johann Hassenpflug
- 1834–1837: Emil Karl Philipp von Hanstein
- 1837–1847: Friedrich Karl August Scheffer
- 1848: Karl Ludwig Hast
After the restoration of the province of Niederhessen, the head of the administration bore the title of "Board of Directors of the Renewed Government of the Province of Niederhessen"
- (1851) 1852–1856: Heinrich Wachs
- 1856–1860: Otto Heinrich Julius Leopold Volmar
- 1860: Friedrich Fondy
- (1861) 1863–1866: Karl von Benning
In addition, there was the government deputation Rinteln
- 1821–1831: Dr. Wilhelm Ludwig Schrader
- (1832–1837): Christian Gößmann
- 1837–1846: Unoccupied
- 1846–1847: Franz Georg Pfeiffer
- 1848: Theodor von Heppe
literature
- Thomas Klein: Volume 11: Hessen-Nassau , the series: Walther Hubatsch: Outline of German Administrative History 1815-1945 , 1979, ISBN 3-87969-126-6 , pp. 61-63