1844
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Calendar overview 1844
Map with all linked sites: | 1844 | |
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 is granted a patent on the vulcanization of rubber. |
 the satirical verse epic Germany. A winter fairy tale . |
| 1844 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 1292/93 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1836/37 (September 10-11) |
| Baha'i calendar | The calendar starts on March 21st |
| Bengali solar calendar | 1249/50 (beginning of April 14th or 15th) |
| Buddhist calendar | 2387/88 (southern Buddhism); 2386/87 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 75th (76th) cycle
Year of the wood dragon甲辰 ( at the beginning of the year water rabbit 癸卯) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 1206/07 (turn of the year April) |
| Dangun era (Korea) | 4177/78 (October 2/3) |
| Iranian calendar | 1222/23 |
| Islamic calendar | 1259/60 (turn of the year 21/22 January) |
| Jewish calendar | 5604/05 (September 13-14) |
| Coptic calendar | 1560/61 (September 10-11) |
| Malayalam calendar | 1019/20 |
| Rumi Calendar (Ottoman Empire) | 1259/60 (March 1) |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 2154/55 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 2155/56 (turn of the year October) |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1900/01 (April) |
Events
Politics and world events
Europe
- March 8th : Charles XIV. John of Sweden dies in Stockholm. He is succeeded by his son Oskar I on the throne of Sweden and Norway .
- June 4th : The Silesian weaver revolt begins. He was bloodily suppressed within two days.
- August 19 : The canton of Aargau applies to the assembly to expel the Jesuits from Switzerland .
- December 8 : The first free march against the appointment of Jesuits to the universities in the canton of Lucerne is poorly organized and is dispersed by government troops.
Africa
- August 4th : With the bombardment of Tangier by French warships , a Franco-Moroccan war begins, during which the Moroccan army is defeated at Isly on August 14th. Morocco must stop supporting the rebels in French Algeria.
Caribbean
- February 27 : The Dominican Republic gains independence from Haiti .
- November 13 : Pedro Santana becomes President of the new republic .
North America
- May 7th : With the Municipal Police Act , a police force is created in New York City to replace the previous system of numerous private security companies.
- May to December: The Stephens-Townsend-Murphy Party crosses the Sierra Nevada in a covered wagon from Iowa in the direction of California.
- June 27 : Joseph Smith , founder and first Mormon prophet and US presidential candidate, is killed by gunfire from an angry crowd while attempting to escape from Carthage , Illinois prison , along with his older brother Hyrum . Smith is the first presidential candidate in the United States to be murdered in an election campaign.
- The 1844 presidential election in the United States is the last to be held in the states on separate days. Election winner will be Democrat James K. Polk with his running mate George M. Dallas . Henry Clay of the United States Whig Party also defeats his third run for president.
Asia
- July 3 : In the Wanghia Treaty , China opens itself up to trade with the USA more than before .
- October 24 : The Huangpu Treaty between the French Empire and the Chinese Empire lifts Chinese trade restrictions and forces the condoning of Catholic missions in the Middle Kingdom.
Other international events
- In 1844, the Philippines skipped a full day in history, December 31st . Since they have close trade with Mexico , they have hitherto been based on their date, i.e. they were east of the date line . As trade relations with China increase, the decision is made to align with the Asian neighbors. This skips the date line to the west, which means that the Philippines do not experience a full day. Monday, December 30, 1844, is followed by Wednesday, January 1, 1845 .
economy
- March 1 : There are serious riots in Munich because of a beer price increase .
- June 15 : Charles Goodyear receives a patent on the vulcanization of rubber.
- November 1st : The Brennerstraße between Innsbruck and Schönberg in the Stubai Valley is opened to traffic after an eight-year construction period.
- December 21 : In Rochdale , 28 Weavers and other members, united in the Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers, open a shop . Their core business principles fuel the idea of consumer cooperatives . At the opening, the narrow offer is limited to butter, sugar, oatmeal and a few candles.
- Jacob Christoph Rad receives a patent for the sugar cube press .
- The first general German trade exhibition in the armory on Unter den Linden is visited by 260,000 people. 685 Berlin entrepreneurs are among the 3,040 exhibitors.
science and technology
- February 15 : The Cologne-Bonn railway line is officially opened.
- May 24 : Samuel Morse sends the first telegraphic message in the Morse alphabet from Washington, DC to Baltimore .
- August 25th : The Burgberg tunnel near Erlangen , the oldest railway tunnel in Bavaria, is inaugurated. The entire Nuremberg – Bamberg railway line opens on September 1st .
- The Swiss zoologist Heinrich Rudolf Schinz made the first scientific description of the African atlas bear .
- Friedrich Wöhler obtains crystalline hydroquinone through dry distillation of the quinic acid and separation of the distillate .
Culture
Visual arts
- Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot is exhibiting the original version of his painting Rural Concert, which was painted in oil on canvas .
literature
- November 7th : The first edition of the Fliegende Blätter , a humorous, richly illustrated German weekly, is published by Braun & Schneider in Munich.
- December 22nd : The Stuttgart city bell appears for the first time.
- Germany. A winter fairy tale by Heinrich Heine is published by Verlag Hoffmann und Campe, Hamburg.
- The book Un Autre Monde , with numerous illustrations by Grandville , is published in Paris. It is one of his main works.
Music and theater
- January 7th : The motet Jauchzet dem Herr, alle Welt , a setting of Psalm 100 by Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy , is premiered in a mass by the Royal Cathedral Choir in Berlin .
- January 12th : The opera Caterina Cornaro by Gaetano Donizetti is premiered at the Teatro San Carlo in Naples.
- February 15 : The Kroll Opera in Berlin, built by the architects Carl Ferdinand Langhans and Eduard Knoblauch with the significant participation of the royal master builder Ludwig Persius , opens with a ball.
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- April 9 : Johann Nestroy's posse Der Zerrissene with music by Adolf Müller senior celebrates its world premiere in the Theater an der Wien . The material comes from the French comédie-vaudeville L'homme blasé (The Bored Man) by Félix-Auguste Duvert and Augustin-Théodore de Lauzanne .
- April 20 : Ludwig Tieck's play Puss in Boots, based on the fairy tale of the same name , premieres in Berlin. The production turned out to be a definite failure, not least because of the public criticism contained in the play.
- November 3rd : Giuseppe Verdi's opera I due Foscari has its world premiere at the Teatro Argentina in Rome . The libretto is by Francesco Maria Piave based on the play The Two Foscari by Lord Byron .
- December 30th : Friedrich von Flotow's opera Alessandro Stradella about the life of the composer Alessandro Stradella is premiered at the Stadttheater Hamburg . The libretto comes from Friedrich Wilhelm Riese , who wrote it under the name Wilhelm Friedrich.
Others
- August 1st : The first zoological garden on what is now Germany's national territory opens in Berlin .
- The Roemer and Pelizaeus Museum in Hildesheim is founded.
- The Avanton Bronze Age sheet gold cone is found.
society
- May 27. bis 31 May : The Wingolf in Schleiz is founded.
- November 15 : The KDStV Bavaria Bonn is founded, the oldest Catholic student association worldwide.
- December 23 : Christiane Ruthardt , accused of poisoning her husband, is sentenced to death after four days of trial in Esslingen.
- The Club des Hachichins was founded in Paris by the doctor and psychiatrist Jacques-Joseph Moreau and Théophile Gautier .
- The merchant Iginio Scarpa from Rijeka starts building the Villa Angiolina in Abbazia as a summer resort. This is how the tourist development of the place begins.
religion
- The Second Coming of Christ is announced for this year by the Baptist preacher William Miller . Disappointed followers later found the Seventh-day Adventists .
- May 8 : In the encyclical Inter praecipuas , Pope Gregory XVI criticizes . the resulting Bible societies . Unauthorized editors and translators of the Bible are heretics and commit sacrilege against the Holy Scriptures.
- May 22nd : Siyyid Ali Muhammad (The Bab ), of whom the Baha'i are convinced that he is the Herald of the Promised One of all religions, establishes the Babitum in Shiraz ( Iran ) , from which the Baha'i religion later emerges. Year 1 of the Baha'i era begins on March 21st .
- June 6 : George Williams founds the first YMCA ( The Young Men's Christian Association ) in London .
- July 28 : The church Wang , one by the Prussian king Friedrich Wilhelm IV. Acquired medieval Norwegian stave wooden church , after reconstruction in its new location in the Giant Mountains opened.
- August 18 : During the Trier pilgrimage of 1844 ordered by Trier Bishop Wilhelm Arnoldi , around half a million people made a pilgrimage to Trier to see the allegedly Holy Rock of Christ exhibited there . The members of the lower classes, who are still susceptible to belief in miracles and devotional items , make up the main part of the pilgrim people. The pilgrimage triggers violent criticism of the Catholic practice of piety. The Catholic priest Johannes Ronge is outraged publicly that the pilgrimage is a deliberate deception of uneducated and low-income people, who are required to travel through unjustified privations, that the sacrifice money they collect is a business with the superstition that Christ, as is well known, does not have his spirit for believers leave his skirt. Ronge is excommunicated for his statements . The Trier pilgrimage then became the nucleus of German Catholicism , an anti- ultramontanist movement with an affinity for the Enlightenment .
nature and environment
- June 3 : On the Icelandic island of Eldey , the last surviving pair of giant alks is killed by two trophy collectors. The bellows are sold to a Danish collector.
Sports
- August 31 : The Wetterhorn is climbed for the first time.
- The Freiburg gymnastics club from 1844 is founded.
Born
January February
- January 4 : Victor Blüthgen , German poet and writer († 1920 )
- January 7 : Bernadette Soubirous , French religious sister, saint († 1879 )
- January 7th : Carl Menzel , German entrepreneur and glass manufacturer († 1923 )
- January 13 : Ernst Marno , Austrian African explorer († 1883 )
- January 15 : Robert Gersuny , Austrian doctor († 1924 )
- January 16 : Heinrich Denifle , Austrian church historian and Dominican († 1905 )
- January 16 : Ismail Qemali , first Albanian Prime Minister († 1919 )
- January 16 : Paul Singer , German manufacturer and member of the Reichstag († 1911 )
- January 20 : Johan Peter Selmer , Norwegian composer († 1910 )
- January 22nd : Konstantin von Hößlin , Greek politician, President of the Greek Chamber of Deputies in Athens († 1920 )
- January 24th : Francis of Paula Schönborn , Cardinal and Archbishop of Prague († 1899 )
- January 27 : Numa Droz , Swiss politician († 1899 )
- January 30 : Moritz von Bissing , Prussian Colonel General († 1917 )
- January 30th : Otto Leßmann , German composer († 1918 )
- February 1 : Eduard Strasburger , German botanist († 1912 )
- February 2 : Marie Hankel , German Esperanto poet († 1929 )
- February 3 : Marie von Najmájer , Austrian writer († 1904 )
- February 4 : Andreas Amrhein , Swiss Benedictine monk († 1927 )
- February 5 : Lothar Kempter , Swiss composer and conductor († 1918 )
- February 5 : Ernst Pinkert , German restaurateur and founder of the Leipzig Zoo († 1909 )
- February 5 : Aristide Rinaldini , Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church († 1920 )
- February 10 : Wendelin Foerster , Austrian-Czech Romanist († 1915 )
- February 12 : Julius Haagn , gymnastics specialist and wholesale merchant from Salzburg († 1925 )
- February 14 : Joseph Thyssen , German industrialist († 1915 )
- February 16 : James Guillaume , Swiss anarchist († 1916 )
- February 20 : Joshua Slocum , Canadian sailor and travel writer († 1905 )
- February 20 : Ludwig Boltzmann , Austrian physicist († 1906 )
- February 20 : Mihály von Munkácsy , Hungarian painter of realism († 1900 )
- February 21 : Adam Flasch , German archaeologist († 1902 )
- February 21 : Charles-Marie Widor , French organist, composer and teacher († 1937 )
- February 22 : Louise Erhartt , actress († 1916 )
- February 25 : Jindřich Kafka , Czech composer († 1917 )
- February 25 : Philipp Remelé , German photographer († 1883 )
- February 26 : August Hartel , German architect († 1890 )
- February 26 : Victor von Podbielski , German general († 1916 )
March April
- March 3 : Shūzō Aoki , Japanese diplomat and politician († 1914 )
- March 7th : Wilhelm Gurlitt , German archaeologist († 1905 )
- March 7 : Josef Schoyerer , German landscape painter († 1923 )
- March 10 : Pablo de Sarasate , Spanish violinist and composer († 1908 )
- March 11th : Ignaz Graf von Attems , Austrian politician († 1915 )
- March 14 : Umberto I , King of Italy († 1900 )
- March 18 : Nikolai Rimski-Korsakow , Russian composer, conductor and music teacher († 1908 )
- March 19 : Auguste Auspitz-Kolár , Austrian-Bohemian pianist and composer († 1878 )
- March 19 : Innocent von Berzo , Roman Catholic Blessed († 1890 )
- March 19 : Minna Canth , Finnish writer († 1897 )
- March 19 : Wilhelm Manchot , German architect († 1912 )
- March 22 : Theodor Gohl , Swiss architect († 1910 )
- March 22nd : Franziska Speyer , German founder and patroness († 1909 )
- March 23 : Eugène Gigout , French organist and composer († 1925 )
- March 25 : Adolf Engler , German botanist and plant expert († 1930 )
- March 30 : Paul Verlaine , French poet († 1896 )
- March 31 : Andrew Lang , Scottish writer († 1912 )
- April 1 : Johann Georg Eschenburg , German lawyer and notary, mayor of Lübeck († 1936 )
- April 3 : Georg Ratzinger , German Catholic clergyman and politician († 1899 )
- April 8 : Christian Dietrich , head of Swabian Old Pietism († 1919 )
- April 10 : August Oncken , German economist († 1911 )
- April 12 : Franz Kullak , German pianist and composer († 1913 )
- April 13 : Jan Hřímalý , Czech violinist and music teacher († 1915 )
- April 14 : Eduard Hiller , German classical philologist († 1891 )
- April 14 : Maria Immaculata , Princess of Burgundy and the Two Sicilies and Archduchess of Austria-Tuscany († 1899 )
- April 16 : Anatole France , French writer († 1924 )
- April 20 : Dominikus Willi , Abbot of Marienstatt and Bishop of Limburg († 1913 )
- April 20 : Robert Diez , German sculptor († 1922 )
- April 26 : Ada Lewis-Hill , English amateur musician and benefactor († 1906 )
- April 27 : Albert von Keller , Swiss painter († 1920 )
- April 27 : Alois Riehl , Austrian philosopher († 1924 )
- April 27 : Klara Ziegler , German actress († 1909 )
- April 29 : Hans von Koester , German Grand Admiral († 1928 )
- April 30 : Carl von Thieme , German entrepreneur († 1924 )
May June
- May 1 : Jenny Longuet , daughter of Karl Marx († 1883 )
- May 8 : Hermann Graedener , German composer († 1929 )
- May 8 : William Alexander Hunter , Scottish politician and legal scholar († 1898 )
- May 9 : Belle Boyd , American spy († 1900 )
- May 17 : Julius Wellhausen , German Protestant theologian († 1918 )
- May 19 : John Edwin Sandys , British classical scholar († 1922 )
- May 21 : Henri Rousseau , French painter († 1910 )
- May 22 : Mary Cassatt , American impressionist painter († 1926 )
- May 23 : Abdul-Baha , Persian scribe and central figure of the Baha'i († 1921 )
- May 29 : Stephen Alfred Forbes , American biologist, is considered one of the founders of limnology († 1930 )
- May 30 : Louis Varney , French operetta composer († 1908 )
- June 3 : Hermann Erler , German music publisher, composer and writer († 1918 )
- June 3 : Émile Paladilhe , French composer and pianist († 1926 )
- June 3 : Garret Hobart , American politician († 1899 )
- June 3 : Detlev von Liliencron , German poet and writer († 1909 )
- June 9 : Karl Altrichter , German writer († 1917 )
- June 10 : Carl Hagenbeck , German animal dealer and zoo director († 1913 )
- June 15 : Charlotte Despard , British suffragette († 1939 )
- June 18 : Richard Fresenius , German painter († 1903 )
- June 20 : Martha Asmus , German writer († after 1909 )
- June 21 : Ernest François Cambier , Belgian traveler to Africa and builder of the first railway in the Congo († 1909 )
- June 22nd : Theodor Weber , German consul († 1889 )
- June 24th : Moritz Honigmann , German chemist, inventor and miner († 1918 )
- June 24th : Placidus Riccardi , Italian monk, Seliger († 1915 )
July August
- July 1 : Verney Lovett Cameron , British traveler to Africa († 1894 )
- July 1 : Júlia da Costa , Brazilian poet († 1911 )
- July 3 : Dankmar Adler , American architect († 1900 )
- July 8 : Guido Karcher , German admiral († 1905 )
- July 10 : Amalie Materna , Austrian opera singer († 1918 )
- July 11 : Peter I , Serbian King († 1921 )
- July 12 : Ferdinand d'Orléans, duc d'Alençon , French nobleman († 1910 )
- July 14 : Smith Streeter , American roque player († 1930 )
- July 20 : John Sholto Douglas , Scottish Marquis († 1900 )
- July 21 : Joan Röell , Dutch statesman († 1914 )
- July 23 : Harriet Williams Russell Strong , American inventor, conservationist and women's rights activist († 1926 )
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- July 25 : Thomas Eakins , American painter († 1916 )
- July 25 : Lyman U. Humphrey , American politician († 1915 )
- July 26 : Deodato Arellano , Filipino reformer († 1896 )
- July 28 : Gerard Manley Hopkins , British poet and Jesuit († 1889 )
- July 29 : Vincze von Borbás , Hungarian botanist († 1905 )
- August 1 : Levi Ankeny , American politician († 1921 )
- August 1 : Gustav Schwalbe , German anatomist and anthropologist († 1916 )
- August 5 : Ilya Repin , Russian-Finnish painter († 1930 )
- August 6 : Alfred , Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha († 1900 )
- August 6 : Christian Schmidt , German entrepreneur († 1884 )
- August 9 : Hugo Blümner , German classical philologist and archaeologist († 1919 )
- August 11 : Stevan D. Popović , Serbian minister of education and educator († 1902 )
- August 12 : Bernhard Schwarz , German Africa explorer († 1901 )
- August 13 : Friedrich Miescher , physician and professor of physiology († 1895 )
- August 13 : Otis Bardwell Boise , American composer († 1912 )
- August 14 : Julius Goerdeler , German judge and parliamentarian († 1928 )
- August 15 : Mihael Lendovšek , Slovenian writer and theologian († 1920 )
- August 17 : Menelik II , Ethiopian Emperor († 1913 )
- August 19 : Johann Hermann Eschenburg , Mayor of Lübeck († 1920 )
- August 20 : Mutsu Munemitsu , Japanese politician, including foreign minister († 1897 )
- August 23 : Friedrich Wilhelm Füchtner , German artisan from the Ore Mountains († 1923 )
- August 23 : Agnes Willms-Wildermuth , German writer († 1931 )
- August 30 : Friedrich Ratzel , German zoologist and geographer († 1904 )
September October
- September 2 : Heinrich Heß , German civil servant, local researcher and politician († 1927 )
- September 4 : Hermann Bernhard Joachim Ascher , German lawyer († 1931 )
- September 5 : Ernst Mey , German entrepreneur († 1903 )
- September 9 : Louis Rossel , French officer († 1871 )
- September 13 : Anna Lea Merritt , American painter († 1930 )
- September 16 : Leonie Aviat , French nun († 1914 )
- September 16 : William J. Samford , American politician († 1901 )
- September 16 : Hendrik Jacobus Hamaker , Dutch legal scholar († 1911 )
- September 16 : Paul Taffanel , French flautist († 1908 )
- September 22nd : William Stevenson Hoyte , English organist, composer and music teacher († 1917 )
- September 29 : Miguel Juárez Celman , Argentine politician and president († 1909 )
- October 1 : Orla Rosenhoff , Danish composer and music teacher († 1905 )
- October 4 : Hugo Andresen , German Romanist and Medievalist († 1918 )
- October 4 : Harrison H. Riddleberger , American politician († 1890 )
- October 8 : Paul Lhérie , French singer and music teacher († 1937 )
- October 11 : Henry John Heinz , American businessman (Heinz Ketchup) († 1919 )
- October 12 : George Washington Cable , American writer († 1925 )
- October 15 : Friedrich Nietzsche , German philosophical writer († 1900 )
- October 16 : Friedrich Mitterwurzer , Austrian actor († 1897 )
- October 17 : Gustave Schlumberger , French historian († 1929 )
- October 22 : Sarah Bernhardt , French actress († 1923 )
- October 22 : Louis Riel , leader of the Métis in Canada († 1885 )
- October 23 : Édouard Branly , French physicist and pioneer of radio technology († 1940 )
- October 23 : Wilhelm Leibl , German painter († 1900 )
- October 24 : Karl Lueger , Austrian politician, Mayor of Vienna († 1910 )
- October 25 : Viktor Tilgner , Austrian sculptor († 1896 )
- October 27 : Klas Pontus Arnoldson , Swedish journalist, politician and Nobel Peace Prize Laureate († 1916 )
November December
- November 2 : Mehmed V , Ottoman Sultan († 1918 )
- November 4 : Ulrich Kreusler , German agricultural chemist († 1921 )
- November 8 : Henry E. Burnham , American politician († 1917 )
- November 14 : Paul Förster , German high school teacher, journalist and politician († 1925 )
- November 18 : Albert Wangerin , German mathematician († 1933 )
- November 25th : Carl Benz , German engineer and automobile pioneer († 1929 )
- November 25 : Émile Doumergue , French Reformed theologian († 1937 )
- November 26 : Thomas G. Jones , American politician († 1914 )
- November 27 : Vital Maria Conçalves de Oliveira , Brazilian bishop († 1878 )
- November 28 : Marcus H. Holcomb , American politician († 1932 )
- November 29 : Timm Kröger , German writer († 1918 )
- November 30 : Rudolf Lavant , German writer († 1915 )
- December 1 : Alexandra , British Queen († 1925 )
- December 3 : Hedwig Raabe , German actress († 1905 )
- December 4 : Fritz Baedeker , German publisher († 1925 )
- December 9 : Giulio Tonti , Roman Catholic Cardinal († 1918 )
- December 13 : John Atkinson , Irish-British lawyer and politician († 1932 )
- December 15 : Arturo Soria y Mata , Spanish urban planner († 1920 )
- December 19 : Lujo Brentano , German economist and social reformer († 1931 )
- December 19 : Joseph Stöckle , German writer and philologist († 1893 )
- December 23 : Ferdinand Mülhens , German landowner and entrepreneur († 1928 )
- December 24 : Wilhelm Spemann , German publisher († 1910 )
- December 31 : Ebe W. Tunnell , American politician († 1917 )
Exact date of birth unknown
- Mirza Abu'l-Fadl , Persian Baha'i theologian († 1914 )
- Miguel Campos , Chilean painter († 1889 )
- Ahmed Midhat Efendi , Ottoman journalist, author, translator and publisher († 1912 )
- Abdur Rahman Khan , Emir of Afghanistan († 1901 )
- Charles Romley Alder Wright , English chemist († 1894 )
- Nicanor Plaza , Chilean sculptor († 1918 )
Died
First quarter
- January 9 : Jean-Antoine Constantin , French painter and draftsman (* 1756 )
- January 10th : Hudson Lowe , British general, governor of St. Helena (* 1769 )
- January 13 : Alexander Porter , American politician (* 1785 )
- January 15 : Joseph Duncan , American politician (* 1794 )
- January 23 : Franz Pettrich , German sculptor (* 1770 )
- January 25 : Jean-Baptiste Drouet d'Erlon , French general and Marshal of France (* 1765 )
- January 27 : Cäcilie , Swedish princess (* 1807 )
- January 27 : Charles Nodier , French writer (* 1780 )
- January 28 : Peter Karl Attenhofer , Swiss politician (* 1765 )
- January 28 : Johannes van den Bosch , Governor of the Dutch East Indies (* 1780 )
- January 29th : Ernst III. , Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (* 1784 )
- January 31 : Henri-Gatien Bertrand , French general (* 1773 )
- February 4 : Willem de Clercq , Dutch writer (* 1795 )
- February 8 : Bartolomeo Ferrari , Italian sculptor (* 1780 )
- February 8 : Noah Noble , American politician (* 1794 )
- February 9 : Thomas Reynolds , American politician (* 1796 )
- February 11 : Tamenaga Shunsui , Japanese writer (* 1790 )
- February 15 : Henry Addington , British statesman and Prime Minister (* 1757 )
- February 16 : Heinrich Stölzel , German musician (* 1777 )
- February 21 : John Leeds Kerr , American politician (* 1780 )
- February 28 : Thomas Walker Gilmer , American politician (* 1802 )
- February 28 : Abel P. Upshur , American politician (* 1790 )
- March 7th : Christian Lente Freyherr von Adeler , Danish lawyer and bailiff (* 1784 )
- March 8 : Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte , French general and King of Sweden and Norway (* 1763 )
- March 11 : Heinrich Bittcher , German teacher and Protestant theologian (* 1816 )
- March 18 : Peter Jochims , German civil servant (* 1762 )
- March 20 : Peter Buell Porter , American politician, general and Secretary of War (* 1773 )
- March 22nd : William Carroll , American politician (* 1788 )
- March 24th : Bertel Thorvaldsen , Danish sculptor (* 1770 )
- March 30th : Johannes Scharrer , German entrepreneur and politician (* 1785 )
Second and third quarters
- April 15 : Charles Bulfinch , American architect (* 1763 )
- April 22nd : Henri Montan Berton , French composer (* 1767 )
- May 8 : Sophia Carolina Benda , German actress and singer (* 1787 )
- May 9 : Ludwig von Borstell , Prussian general of the cavalry (* 1773 )
- May 21 : Giuseppe Baini , Roman music historian and church composer (* 1775 )
- June 3 : Louis-Antoine de Bourbon, duc d'Angoulême , last Dauphin of France, as Louis XIX. Pretender to the French throne (* 1775 )
- June 6 : Francis Johnson , American composer and musician (* 1792 )
- June 17th : André da Silva Gomes , Brazilian composer (* 1752 )
- June 21 : Joaquín Abarca y Blanque , Spanish prelate (* 1778 )
- June 27 : Joseph Smith , American founder and first Mormon prophet ( b.1805 )
- July 10 : Isaac Halstead Williamson , American politician (* 1767 )
- July 11 : Yevgeny Baratynski , Russian officer, writer and poet (* 1800 )
- July 12th : Bahne Asmussen , Frisian pastor, poet, and teacher (* 1769 )
- July 13 : Johann Gänsbacher , Austrian composer and conductor (* 1778 )
- July 17 : Christoph Johann Jakob Arnold , German architect (* 1779 )
- July 23 : Jonathan August Weichert , German classical philologist and pedagogue (* 1788 )
- July 27 : John Dalton , English naturalist and teacher (* 1766 )
- July 27 : René Charles Guilbert de Pixérécourt , French playwright (* 1773 )
Joseph Bonaparte's tomb in the Paris Invalides
- July 28 : Joseph Bonaparte , King of Naples and Spain (* 1768 )
- July 29th : Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart , Austrian composer (* 1791 )
- August 2nd : Jean Pierre Joseph d'Arcet , French chemist (* 1777 )
- August 4th : Jacob Aall , Norwegian politician (* 1773 )
- August 7th : Niels Heidenreich , Danish watchmaker and thief of the gold horns from Gallehus (* 1761 )
- August 11th : Jernej Kopitar , Slovenian linguist and Slavist (* 1780 )
- August 14 : Johann Philipp Christian Aulenbach , German priest and poet (* 1769 )
- August 19 : Iver Hesselberg , Norwegian pastor and author (* 1780 )
- August 21 : Georg Friedrich Benecke , German scholar (* 1762 )
- August 25 : Daniel Dunklin , American politician (* 1790 )
- August 26 : John Keane, 1st Baron Keane , British Lieutenant General (* 1781 )
- September 15 : Gustav von Hugo , German lawyer (* 1764 )
Fourth Quarter
- October 4 : Anton Joseph Stein , Austrian pedagogue and philologist (* 1759 )
- October 12 : Claude Tillier , French writer (* 1801 )
- October 14 : Jan Baptiste de Jonghe , Flemish-Belgian painter (* 1785 )
- October 17 : David Nelson , American author, clergyman and abolitionist (* 1793 )
- October 21 : Nikolos Baratashvili , Georgian poet (* 1817 )
- October 25 : Heinrich Cotta , German forest scientist (* 1763 )
- October 28 : Sándor Kisfaludy , Hungarian poet and playwright (* 1772 )
- November 4th : Giuseppe Angelelli , Italian painter (* 1803 )
- November 8th : Jean Antoine Michel Agar , French civil servant (* 1771 )
- November 8th : Johann Anzengruber , Austrian writer (* 1810 )
- November 14th : Flora Tristan , French writer, socialist and women's rights activist (* 1803 )
- November 15 : Nicolaas Cornelis de Fremery , Dutch physician, pharmacologist, zoologist and chemist (* 1770 )
- November 18 : Antonín Machek , Czech painter (* 1775 )
- November 18 : José Casimiro Rondeau Pereyra , Argentine general (* 1773 )
- November 21 : Ivan Krylow , Russian fabulous poet (* 1769 )
- November 21 : Philipp Emanuel von Fellenberg , Swiss educator and agronomist (* 1771 )
- November 25 : Augustus Wall Callcott , British painter (* 1779 )
- December 7th : Thomas Morris , American politician (* 1776 )
- December 9th : Evan Evans , English spinning master, mechanical engineer and entrepreneur (* 1765 )
- December 10 : Joseph Widmer , Swiss Roman Catholic theologian and university professor (* 1779 )
- December 14 : Heinrich Ludwig Czech , lawyer and mayor of Storkow, Brandenburg (* 1789 )
- December 20 : Peter Joseph Imhoff , German sculptor (* 1768 )
- December 21 : Sebald Brendel , German lawyer and university professor (* 1780 )
- December 21 : Oluf de Schouboe , Norwegian lawyer and minister (* 1777 )
- December 23 : André Galle , French medalist (* 1761 )
- December 30th : Laurent Mourguet , French puppeteer and creator of various famous hand puppets (* 1769 )
Exact date of death unknown
- Wilhelmine Karoline Friederike Apranzow , German writer (* 1790 )
- Zaman Mirza Shah Durrani , Emir of the Durrani Empire (* 1770 )
Web links
Commons : 1844 - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files
- Digitized newspapers from 1844 in the newspaper information system (ZEFYS) of the Berlin State Library