13th December
The December 13 is the 347th day of the Gregorian calendar (the 348th in leap years ), thus remain 18 days by year end.
Historic anniversaries November · December · January |
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events
Politics and world events
- 1247: Wilhelm von Holland , the anti-king to Kaiser Friedrich II. , Begins the siege of Kaiserswerth with his armed forces , an important Hohenstaufen town with an imperial palace on the Lower Rhine.
- 1250: With the death of Frederick II, the interregnum begins in the Holy Roman Empire . The imperial period lasted until 1273.
- 1474: Isabella I sets out from her residence Alcázar of Segovia to be proclaimed Queen of Castile in the city of Segovia .
- 1570: With the Peace of Szczecin , the Nordic War of the Three Crowns is ended, which took place as part of the Livonian War as part of the first Nordic War between the actually allies Sweden and Denmark .
- 1577: Sir Francis Drake sets out from Plymouth with the Pelican and four other ships for his circumnavigation .
- 1642: In search of the Great South Continent , Abel Tasman is the first European to discover the South Island of New Zealand .
- 1645: With the Peace of Linz between Emperor Ferdinand III. and Transylvanian Prince Georg I. Rákóczi succeeds in averting the danger of a joint attack by Swedish and Transylvanian troops on Vienna during the Thirty Years' War .
- 1675: The city of Wismar , which is under Swedish sovereignty, is attacked by Danish troops during the Scandinavian War .
- 1810: By a decree by Napoleon Bonaparte , the northern German coastal areas are annexed in order to increase the effectiveness of the continental barrier. Among other things, the Duchy of Oldenburg and the Hanseatic cities of Bremen , Hamburg and Lübeck become part of the French Empire .
- 1845: Governor General Henry Hardinge declares war on the Punjab. The First Sikh War begins.
- 1856: Prussia breaks off diplomatic relations with Switzerland because of the dispute over the Principality of Neuchâtel and orders the mobilization of troops. The conflict is only resolved in the Treaty of Paris .
- 1861: The battle for Camp Allegheny in the American Civil War ends in a draw, but Union troops succeed in driving the Confederates out of the territory of West Virginia for good.
- 1864: Paraguay declares war on Brazil , triggering the Triple Alliance War in South America.
- 1902: The Reichstag member Otto Antrick gives the longest speech in a German parliament to date, lasting a total of 8 hours.
- 1906: The German Reichstag is dissolved because the center and the SPD had previously rejected a supplementary budget that was supposed to have approved significant spending on the colonial protection force in German South West Africa . The Reichstag election takes place on January 25 of the following year.
- 1906: Great Britain , France and Italy sign a treaty on Abyssinia , guaranteeing Abyssinian independence based on the status quo and the open door principle . The Powers agree to act together on any incident that arises in that country.
- 1919: Marie Juchacz founds the Arbeiterwohlfahrt in Germany under the name of the Main Committee for Workers' Welfare in the SPD .
- 1919: The Reich Tax Code is passed in Germany . The shell law summarizes the various tax regulations, introduces the tax courts and creates a uniform criminal tax law .
- 1937: Japan conquers the Chinese city of Nanjing in the Second Sino -Japanese War . After the invasion, more than 100,000 people were killed in the Nanking massacre and at least 20,000 women were raped.
- 1945: The main Dachau trial in Dachau ends with the pronouncement of the verdict. 36 death sentences were pronounced, as well as one life sentence and three temporary prison sentences .
- 1948: The Young Pioneers Organization is founded in the Soviet occupation zone , later renamed the Ernst Thälmann Pioneer Organization .
- 1950: After the battle of the Changjin Reservoir in the Korean War , the Americans are forced to withdraw from North Korea, but inflict heavy losses on the Chinese troops.
- 1959: In the first elections after the conclusion of the Zurich and London agreements and the London guarantee treaty , the Cypriots choose Archbishop Makarios III. as President of Cyprus .
- 1960: The European Air Traffic Control Organization ( Eurocontrol ) , based in Brussels , is founded by six European countries.
- 1964: The 1961 international standard agreement on narcotics comes into force.
- 1967: The Greek King Constantine II dares a coup against the colonel's regime . After its failure, he went into exile in Rome the next day without abdicating .
- 1972: Annemarie Renger (SPD) becomes the first woman President of the Bundestag at the beginning of the 7th electoral term of the German Bundestag .
- 1974: A republic is proclaimed in Malta , previously a constitutional monarchy with the British Queen as head of state . The last Governor General Anthony Mamo becomes the first President.
- 1981: General Wojciech Jaruzelski imposes martial law on Poland , which is said to last until July 22, 1983. The Solidarność union is banned at the same time.
- 1990: After more than 30 years of exile, Oliver Tambo , ANC President from 1967 to 1991, returns to South Africa .
- 1991: 38 years after the end of the Korean War , North and South Korea sign a non-aggression pact.
- 1996: The Ghanaian Kofi Annan is elected by the UN Security Council to succeed Boutros Boutros-Ghali as UN Secretary General .
- 2001: A terrorist attack is carried out on the Indian Parliament in New Delhi, killing 14 people, including the perpetrators.
- 2003: The Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein is found in a hole in the ground and arrested by the US military near his birthplace Tikrit during the Iraq war .
- 2005: Despite international protests, Stanley Williams , convicted of four murders , is executed by lethal injection after California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger has refused a pardon .
- 2007: In the Lisbon Treaty , the member states agree on reforms in the political system of the European Union . The agreement comes into force on December 1, 2009.
- 2008: The head of the Passau police force , Alois Mannichl , is seriously injured in an attack in Fürstenzell . The perpetrator and the background to the crime are awaiting clarification for the time being.
- 2009: A (legally non-binding) referendum on the independence of Catalonia takes place in a total of 165 Catalan municipalities .
- 2017: The Saxon state parliament elects Michael Kretschmer ( CDU ) to succeed his party colleague Stanislaw Tillich as prime minister in Dresden .
business
- 1889: The German Reichstag passes a law according to which craftsmen have to provide evidence of relevant training in order to open a business.
- 1903: The Italian immigrant Italo Marcioni in Hoboken , New Jersey, receives US patent number 746,971 for the machine he invented for making ice cream cones from waffle batter.
- 1945: In Austria, on the occasion of the currency reform, the exchange of a maximum of 150 Reichsmarks per person into the currency Schilling begins .
science and technology
- 1762: Empress Maria Theresa founds the Schemnitz Mining Academy in Banská Štiavnica for the purpose of training in mining science.
- 1769: With donations is in Hanover (New Hampshire) , the Dartmouth College founded.
- 1888: Heinrich Hertz informs the Berlin Academy of Sciences about the existence of electromagnetic waves in his report "About Radiation of Electric Force" . His discovery provided the decisive impetus for developments in the direction of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting .
- 1900: 64 Chinese coolies arrive in Stettin , where they are employed as stokers and trimmers on board the imperial mail steamer " Kiautschou ".
- 1967: The American space probe Pioneer 8 takes off on its way to the sun.
- 1971: During blasting work in the Eberstadt district of Buchen , the entrance to a stalactite cave is discovered. The Eberstadt stalactite cave was opened to the public on September 9, 1973.
Culture
- 1732: The anonymously written first edition of the new weekly Then Swänska Argus is available in Stockholm. For the Swedish language, the sheet marks a dividing line between the older and the more recent linguistic usage.
- 1794: The opera Eliza ou Le Voyage au glaciers du Mont Saint-Bernard (Elisa or The Journey to the Great St. Bernard) by Luigi Cherubini is premiered at the Théâtre Feydeau in Paris .
- 1803: The premiere of the opera Les Sabots et le cerisier by François-Joseph Gossec takes place in Paris .
- 1918: Karl Kraus publishes the epilogue of his tragedy The Last Days of Mankind in a special issue of his magazine Die Fackel .
- 1928: An American in Paris by George Gershwin premieres at Carnegie Hall in New York City .
- 1934: The first story of Eoplauen's father and son appears in the Berliner Illustrirten Zeitung
- 1934: In Zurich, Ödön is premiered by Horváth's posse Hin und Her .
- 1946: Thomas Mann receives back the honorary doctorate from the University of Bonn , which was withdrawn from him in 1936.
- 1969: The opera Die Geschichte von Aucassin und Nicolette by Günter Bialas is premiered at the Cuvilliés Theater in Munich .
- 1969: The first German full-length animated film The Conference of Animals , based on Erich Kästner's book of the same name , comes to German cinemas.
- 1972: Radio Bremen shows the first episode of the music show Musikladen, intended for younger audiences , on German television .
- 1992: In Frankfurt am Main the concert today takes place - tomorrow you! in response to the right-wing extremist riots in Rostock-Lichtenhagen and the Mölln assassinations in front of more than 150,000 spectators; on the same evening a chain of lights against right-wing extremist terror is organized in Hamburg.
- 2004: The poet, draftsman and painter Robert Gernhardt receives the Düsseldorf Heinrich Heine Prize , which is awarded every two years and is endowed with 25,000 euros .
- 2014: With the 215th edition of Wetten, dass ..? , the largest television show in Europe.
religion
- John VIII is elected Pope to succeed Hadrian II . 872:
- 1294: The overwhelmed Pietro del Murrone thanks as Pope Celestine V from. As reasons he gives ignorance, illness and the desire to live as a hermit.
- 1545: Pope Paul III. opens the Council of Trent . The 19th Ecumenical Council has as its goal the Catholic reform and the separation from the Protestantism .
- 1862: Catholic Sorbs around Pastor Michał Hórnik found the Saint Cyril Methodius Association on the occasion of the 1000th anniversary of the arrival of the Slav apostles Cyril and Method in Moravia .
Disasters
- Antioch is destroyed by an earthquake . Since the Roman Emperor Trajan is currently in the city because of the Parthian War, the number of victims, which runs into the thousands, increases even further. 115:
- 1939: The destroyer Duchess sinks west of Scotland after colliding with the battleship Barham . 129 crew members are killed.
- 1941: A glacier eruption in Lake Palcacocha in the Peruvian Andes causes the collapse of the moraine wall that dams the lake . A mudslide falling furiously into the valley kills around 6,000 people in the city of Huaraz, 23 kilometers away .
- 1982: A 6.0 magnitude earthquake in Arabia kills around 2,800.
Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Disaster .
Sports
Entries of track and field world records can be found under the respective discipline under track and field .
Born
Before the 19th century
- 1484: Paul Speratus , German theologian, reformer and song poet
- 1502: George III. , Landgrave of Leuchtenberg
- 1507: Christoph von Carlowitz , Saxon diplomat
- 1518: Klara von Sachsen-Lauenburg , Duchess of Braunschweig-Gifhorn
- 1521: Sixtus V , Italian, Pope
- 1533: Erik XIV , King of Sweden
- 1553: Henry IV , French king
- 1560: Maximilien de Bethune , Duke of Sully, French statesman and Marshal of France
- 1591: Theophilus Jacobäer , German pharmacist, Pirna personality
- 1603: António Luís de Meneses, 1st Marquês de Marialva , Portuguese general
- 1609: Isbrand van Diemerbroeck , Dutch medic
- 1615: Gottfried Suevus the Elder , Polish jurist
- 1678: Yongzheng , Chinese emperor
- 1683: Bernardo De Dominici , Italian painter and art historian
- 1684: Ludvig Holberg , Danish-Norwegian poet
- 1700: Giovanni Carestini , called Il Cusanino , Italian opera singer and castrato, Handel interpreter
- 1720: Carlo Gozzi , Italian author and playwright
- 1720: Johann Heinrich Schüle , German entrepreneur
- 1721: Johann Ulrich Sponsel , German Protestant theologian
- 1724: Franz Ulrich Theodor Aepinus , German astronomer, mathematician, physicist and natural philosopher
- 1730: William Hamilton , Scottish diplomat, art collector and volcanologist
- 1732: Elisabetha Dorothea Kodweiß , German landlady, mother of Friedrich Schiller
- 1740: Franz Xaver Schnizer , German composer and organist
- 1743: Christian David Jani , German philologist and educator
- 1744: Anne Louise de Jouy Brillon , French harpsichordist, pianist and composer
- 1744: Jón Þorláksson , Icelandic writer and translator
- 1754: Johann Anton Joachim von Arnim , Prussian district administrator and landowner
- 1761: Johann Georg Ferdinand von Ammon , Prussian civil servant
- 1761: Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand von Funck , Saxon general and historian
- 1763: Georg Dubislav Ludwig von Pirch , Prussian lieutenant general
- 1767: August Eberhard Müller , German composer and Thomaskantor
- 1774: Nathan Fellows Dixon , American politician
- 1780: Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner , German chemist
- 1786: Marianna Clara Auernhammer , Austrian singer, pianist and composer
- 1790: Joseph Fieschi , Corsican-French assassin on the French king
- 1797: Heinrich Heine , German poet
- 1798: Otto Philipp Braun , Bolivian Minister of War from Kassel
19th century
1801-1850
- 1804: Joseph Howe , Canadian politician and journalist
- 1811: Maximilian von Arco-Zinneberg , German nobleman ("Adlergraf")
- 1815: Johann Gottfried Steffan , Swiss landscape painter
- 1816: Clement Claiborne Clay , American politician
- 1816: Werner von Siemens , German inventor and entrepreneur
- 1823: Emil Annecke , German revolutionary and American journalist and lawyer
- 1828: Albert von Suckow , German soldier and politician, Württemberg Minister of War
- 1833: Petre S. Aurelian , Romanian politician, Prime Minister
- 1834: Leonhard Kohl von Kohlenegg , Austrian writer and actor
- 1836: Franz von Lenbach , German painter
- 1844: John Atkinson , Irish-British lawyer and politician
- 1846: Ernst von Mendelssohn-Bartholdy , German private banker
- 1847: Carl de Ahna , German medic, MdR
- 1849: Otto Lenel , German legal historian
- 1850: Iver Holter , Norwegian composer
1851-1900
- 1852: Emanuel Schreiber , Austrian rabbi and publicist
- 1856: Svetozar Boroević von Bojna , Austrian field marshal
- 1856: Abbott Lawrence Lowell , American non-fiction author, lawyer, and political scientist
- 1857: Robert von Mendelssohn , German banker, art collector and patron
- 1859: Supayalat , queen of the Konbaung dynasty in Burma
- 1859: Joseph Turmel , French theologian and historian
- 1863: Eugen Gradmann , German pastor and regional historian
- 1863: Johannes Weiß , German theologian
- 1867: Kristian Birkeland , Norwegian physicist
- 1868: Mario Sammarco , Italian singer
- 1871: Emily Carr , Canadian painter and writer
- 1871: Albin Camillo Müller , German architect, educator and designer
- 1873: Cesare Orsenigo , apostolic nuncio in Germany
- 1874: Ludwig Curtius , German classical archaeologist
- 1874: Josef Lhévinne , Russian-American pianist
- 1877: Edmond Locard , French criminalist
- 1880: John Stenhouse , Scottish chemist
- 1882: Fritz Strich , German-Swiss literary scholar
- 1886: Wilhelm Leo , German lawyer and member of the National Committee Free Germany for the West
- 1887: Edith Junghans , German painter and draftsman, wife of Otto Hahn
- 1887: George Pólya , American mathematician
- 1888: Ernst Schlapper , German politician, Member of the State Parliament, Lord Mayor of Baden-Baden
- 1889: Karl Anspach , German businessman
- 1890: Stanley Gardner , Canadian pianist and music teacher
- 1891: Mita von Ahlefeldt , German actress
- 1891: Agnes Asche , German socialist and resistance fighter
- 1894: Fernando de Fuentes , Mexican film director
- 1896: Fritz Horn , German aviation pioneer
- 1897: Erich Gutenberg , German business economist
- 1898: Gholamali Bayandor , Iranian Rear Admiral
- 1900: Albrecht Appelhans , German painter, graphic artist and illustrator
- 1900: Karel Teige , Czech artist, art theorist, critic, publicist and translator
20th century
1901-1925
- 1902: Paul Kurzbach , German composer
- 1902: Talcott Parsons , American sociologist
- 1905: Guido Calgari , Swiss politician, university professor and writer
- 1906: Hendrik Brugmans , Dutch politician
- 1906: Ingmar Liljefors , Swedish composer
- 1906: Laurens van der Post , South African writer
- 1906: Josef Maria Reuss , German theologian, auxiliary bishop in Mainz and titular bishop of Sinope
- 1907: Ebba-Margareta von Freymann , Austrian poet and translator
- 1907: Bill Holland , American racing car driver
- 1908: Herbert Gropp , German aircraft designer
- 1908: Van Heflin , American actor
- 1908: Fritz Schröder-Jahn , German radio play director, actor and speaker
- 1909: George Christensen , American football player
- 1911: Emmy Albus , German athlete
- 1911: Trygve Haavelmo , Norwegian economist, Nobel Prize winner
- 1912: Dušan Antonijević , Yugoslav actor
- 1912: Franz Bachem , German publisher
- 1912: Luiz Gonzaga , Brazilian singer, accordionist and composer
- 1914: Alan Bullock , British historian
- 1914: Ludwig Kaindl , German athlete
- 1915: Curd Jürgens , German stage and film actor
- 1915: Balthazar Johannes Vorster , South African politician, President
- 1918: Liviu Comes , Romanian composer
- 1918: Bill Vukovich , American racing car driver
- 1919: Hans-Joachim Marseille , German fighter pilot
- 1920: Max Scheifele , German forest official and scientist
- 1920: George Shultz , American politician
- 1922: Robert Veyron-Lacroix , French harpsichordist and pianist
- 1923: Philip Warren Anderson , American physicist
- 1923: Edward Bede Clancy , Australian theologian, Archbishop of Sydney, Cardinal
- 1923: Antoni Tàpies , Spanish painter, graphic artist and sculptor, theoretician of Catalan art, important Informel artist
- 1924: Hector-Neri Castañeda , Guatemalan philosopher
- 1924: Maria Riva , American actress
- 1925: Dick Van Dyke , American actor
1926-1950
- 1926: George Rhoden , Jamaican athlete, Olympic champion
- 1928: Nati Mistral , Spanish singer and actress
- 1928: Jutta Müller , German figure skater and trainer
- 1928: Jack Tramiel , Polish-American entrepreneur and computer pioneer
- 1929: Christopher Plummer , Canadian actor
- 1930: Geneviève Page , French actress
- 1930: Erich Schumann , German publisher, managing director of the WAZ media group
- 1931: Giorgio Ardisson , Italian actor
- 1931: George Fortune , American opera singer
- 1931: Carl-Heinz Janson , German politician and party official
- 1931: Wolfgang Stockmeier , German composer and organist
- 1933: Lou Adler , American producer, manager and general manager
- 1933: Borah Bergman , American jazz pianist
- 1935: Hogan Wharton , American football player
- 1936: Karim Aga Khan IV. , British, head of the Ismailis
- 1937: Robert Gernhardt , German writer and artist
- 1937: Rob Houwer , Dutch film producer, director and screenwriter
- 1937: Jutta Lampe , German actress
- 1937: Paul Maar , German children's book author
- 1937: Yvan Pestalozzi , Swiss iron sculptor
- 1938: Joachim Dorfmüller , German musicologist and organist
- 1938: Heino , German singer of popular music
- 1939: Yvon Tapy , French racing car driver
- 1938: Samuel Santos López , Nicaraguan politician
- 1940: Gabriel Edgardo Aguilera Peralta , Guatemalan Ambassador
- 1940: Edith Clever , German actress
- 1940: Jutta Wachowiak , German actress
- 1942: Klaus-Dieter Arlt , German politician
- 1942: Urs Bührer , Swiss composer, organist and music teacher
- 1942: Johann Hahlen , German administrative lawyer, President of the Federal Statistical Office
- 1942: Ludwig-Holger Pfahls , German politician
- 1943: Ignacio Calderón , Mexican football goalkeeper
- 1943: Gertraud Jesserer , Austrian film and castle actress
- 1943: Johan Reinhard , American archaeologist
- 1943: Arturo Ripstein , Mexican director, producer and screenwriter
- 1944: Marti Webb , British musical singer
- 1945: Reinhold Schäfer , German computer scientist
- 1946: Pierino Prati , Italian football player and coach
- 1947: Luis Ángel González Macchi , President of Paraguay
- 1948: Jeff Baxter , American musician ( Doobie Brothers )
- 1948: Ted Nugent , American musician, singer, and songwriter
- 1949: Tarık Akan , Turkish actor
- 1949: Tom Verlaine , American singer, guitarist and songwriter ( television )
- 1950: Rainer Rappmann , German publisher and Beuys student
1951-1975
- 1951: Jirō Asada , Japanese writer
- 1952: Jean Rouaud , French writer
- 1953: Ben Bernanke , American economist
- 1953: Udo Lielischkies , German journalist
- 1953: Pat Torpey , American musician
- 1954: John Anderson , American country singer
- 1954: Tamora Pierce , American writer
- 1955: Mark Dean Andrus , American screenwriter
- 1955: Marie-Bernadette Thomas , French soccer player
- 1956: Majida El Roumi , Lebanese singer and actress
- 1956: Juan Fernández , Dominican actor
- 1957: Steve Buscemi , American film and stage actor
- 1958: Lurrie Bell , American blues musician
- 1958: Yūichi Seirai , Japanese writer
- 1959: Jophi Ries , German actor and director
- 1959: Johnny Whitaker , American actor
- 1960: José Eduardo Agualusa , Angolan writer
- 1960: Trey Gunn , American musician
- 1961: Harry Gregson-Williams , British film composer
- 1961: Gary Zimmerman , American football player
- 1962: Andreas Müller , German soccer player
- 1962: Orlando Poleo , Venezuelan percussionist
- 1963: Conny Dachs , German porn actor
- 1963: Jouni Kannisto , Finnish jazz saxophonist and flutist
- 1964: Dieter Eilts , German soccer player and coach
- 1964: Hideto Matsumoto , Japanese musician
- 1965: Kristiane Backer , German television journalist
- 1966: Bret Curtis , American entrepreneur and racing car driver
- 1966: Marcus Marin , German soccer player
- 1967: Jamie Foxx , American actor, musician, and comedian
- 1967: Maria Mathis , Austrian singer and presenter
- 1969: Dragan Adžić , Montenegrin handball player and coach
- 1969: Sergei Fyodorov , Russian hockey player
- 1970: Tonja Buford-Bailey , American athlete
- 1970: Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner , Austrian mountaineer
- 1970: Danny Lohner , American musician
- 1971: Vaughan Coveny , New Zealand soccer player
- 1971: John Falb , American racing car driver
- 1971: Elina Kritzokat , German-Finnish literary translator from Finnish
- 1971: Jeffrey Pierce , American actor
- 1971: Sascha Lange , German author, historian and musician
- 1971: Oliver Rihs , Swiss film director, screenwriter and film producer
- 1971: Michael Scholten , German journalist and writer
- 1971: Tawan Sripan , Thai soccer player and coach
- 1971: Oliver Straube , German soccer player
- 1971: Leanne Wood , Welsh politician
- 1973: Emre Aşık , Turkish football player and coach
- 1974: Mika Ahola , Finnish enduro athlete
- 1974: Gerit Winnen , German handball player
- 1975: Tom DeLonge , American singer and guitarist
1976-2000
- 1976: Paavo Arhinmäki , Finnish politician
- 1976: Viola Bauer , German cross-country skier
- 1977: Kerstin Kramer , German actress and presenter
- 1980: Alan Alborn , American ski jumper
- 1980: Patrik Antonius , Finnish poker player
- 1980: Nathalia Holt , American author
- 1981: Amy Lee , American singer
- 1982: Tuka Rocha , Brazilian racing driver
- 1983: Tanya van Graan , South African actress
- 1983: Richard Hibbard , Welsh rugby player
- 1983: Otylia Jędrzejczak , Polish swimmer
- 1984: Michal Kadlec , Czech football player
- 1984: Santi Cazorla , Spanish soccer player
- 1985: Laurence Leboeuf , Canadian actress
- 1985: Raimund Widra , German actor
- 1986: Christian Engelhart , German racing car driver
- 1986: Miranda Schmidt-Robben , Dutch handball player
- 1987: Michael Socha , British actor
- 1987: Wéverton , Brazilian football goalkeeper
- 1987: Mark Yee , American cellist
- 1988: Rassul Abduraim , Kyrgyz Taekwondoin
- 1988: Riker Hylton , Jamaican athlete
- 1989: Taylor Swift , American singer
- 1990: Niklas Russ , German handball player
- 1993: Patrick Zieker , German handball player
- 1994: Millene , Brazilian soccer player
- 1995: Emilee Anderson , American ski jumper
- 1995: Marvin Friedrich , German soccer player
- 1996: Nicolai Rapp , German soccer player
- 1998: Florian Karl Jelinek , Austrian web video producer, musician and entrepreneur
- 2000: Simona Waltert , Swiss tennis player
Died
Before the 17th century
- Autbert of Cambrai , saint and bishop of Arras and Cambrai 669:
- Ar-Rādī bi-'llāh , twentieth Abbasid caliph 940:
- 1067: Richard , Count of Évreux
- 1121: Ulrich von Eppenstein , Abbot of St. Gallen and Patriarch of Aquileia
- 1124: Calixt II , Pope
- 1126: Henry the Black , Duke of Bavaria
- 1204: Maimonides , Jewish religious philosopher, doctor and legal scholar
- 1230: Karl I , Bishop of Seckau
- 1250: Friedrich II. , German King and Holy Roman Emperor
- 1277: Johann I , Duke of Braunschweig and Lüneburg
- 1315: Gaston I , Count of Foix, Vice-Count of Castelbon and Béarn and co-lord of Andorra
- 1393: Wilhelm II , Duke of Jülich
- 1394: Otto I , Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and Prince in the Principality of Göttingen
- 1421: Hermann von Cilli , Bishop of Freising
- 1466: Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi, called Donatello , Italian sculptor
- 1467: Philipp Schenk von Erbach , Benedictine and prince abbot of the Weissenburg monastery
- 1474: Burkard II. Scheel , abbot of the Cistercian monastery in Ebrach
- 1475: Johann von Pfalz-Simmern , Bishop of Münster and Archbishop of Magdeburg
- 1516: Johannes Trithemius , German abbot and mystic
- 1521: Manuel I , King of Portugal
- 1528: Casimir II , Duke of Glogau and Teschen
- 1557: Niccolò Tartaglia , Italian mathematician
- 1559: Michael Caelius , German theologian and reformer
- 1561: Johann III. , last count of Nassau-Beilstein
- 1565: Conrad Gessner , Swiss doctor, natural scientist and classical philologist
- 1584: Jean d'Amboise , French surgeon
- 1600: Albert Friedrich von Brandenburg , Margrave of Brandenburg
17th and 18th centuries
- 1621: Katharina Stenbock , Queen of Sweden
- 1626: Adriaen de Vries , Dutch sculptor and painter
- 1628: Songtham , king of Ayutthaya
- 1634: Johann Suevus , German legal scholar
- 1638: Katharina Wasa , Swedish princess and duchess of Zweibrücken
- 1641: Johanna Franziska von Chantal , founder of the French order
- 1656: Konrad Balthasar Pichtel , German lawyer and court official
- 1673: Pedro Nuño Colón de Portugal , Spanish officer, colonial administrator and viceroy of New Spain
- 1677: Thomas Howard, 5th Duke of Norfolk , English nobleman
- 1682: Aegidius Strauch II , German Lutheran theologian
- 1683: Anna Sophia II , Princess of Hesse-Darmstadt and Abbess of the Quedlinburg Monastery
- 1696: Georg Matthäus Vischer , Austrian topographer and clergyman
- 1716: Charles de La Fosse , French painter
- 1718: Johann Arnoldi , Stolberg Hofrat
- 1721: Alexander Selkirk , Scottish navigator and adventurer, model for Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe
- 1732: Christian Heinrich Aschenbrenner , German composer and violinist
- 1737: Tobias Eckhard , German pedagogue, theologian and philologist
- 1743: Giuseppe Torretti , Italian sculptor
- 1744: Charlotte de La Mothe-Houdancourt , governess of the royal children of France, especially of King Louis XV.
- 1754: Mahmud I , Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
- 1762: Jonathan Krause , German theologian and hymn poet
- 1763: Giuseppe Maria Buonaparte , Corsican politician and grandfather of Napoleon I
- 1768: Johann Christoph von Dreyhaupt , German historian
- 1769: Christian Fürchtegott Gellert , German poet
- 1770: Johann Bätz , German-Dutch organ builder
- 1776: Karl Franz Henisch , German actor and librettist
- 1782: Carl Friedrich Aichinger , German linguist
- 1784: Samuel Johnson , British scholar, lexicographer, writer, poet and critic
- 1793: Johann Joachim Christoph Bode , German translator
- 1797: Louis Legendre , French politician
19th century
- 1807: Albrecht von Mülinen , mayor of Bern
- 1812: Marianna Martines , Austrian composer
- 1817: Paul Kitaibel , Hungarian botanist and naturalist
- 1822: Tommaso Conca , Italian painter
- 1832: Christian Daniel Beck , German philologist
- 1834: Charles Goldsborough , American politician
- 1840: José Güemes , Argentine independence fighter and politician
- 1849: Johann Centurius von Hoffmannsegg , German botanist, entomologist and ornithologist
- 1852: Karl Baldamus , German lawyer and publicist, poet, storyteller and poet
- 1852: Edward Seguin , American opera singer and impresario
- 1854: Andreas Buchner , German historian and theologian
- 1856: Otto von der Groeben , Prussian manor owner and politician
- 1863: Friedrich Hebbel , German playwright and poet
- 1867: Artur Grottger , Polish painter and draftsman
- 1875: Georg Friedrich Daumer , German religious philosopher and poet, educator of Kaspar Hauser
- 1880: Martin Gropius , German architect, great-uncle of the architect and Bauhaus founder Walter Gropius
- 1881: August Šenoa , Croatian writer
- 1883: Victor de Laprade , French poet
- 1884: Lars Anton Anjou , Swedish church historian, politician and clergyman
- 1893: Adolph Godeffroy , German businessman and co-founder of Hapag
- 1898: George Frederick Bristow , American composer
- 1898: Otto Hendel , German printer and publisher
20th century
1901-1950
- 1901: Johann Diepenbrock , German organ builder
- 1905: Anna von der Asseburg , German nobleman
- 1909: Innokenti Fjodorowitsch Annensky , Russian poet, literary critic, playwright and translator
- 1911: Eugen von Kahler , Czech painter
- 1912: Armand d'Artois , French writer
- 1912: Franz Simandl , Czech-Austrian double bass player and music teacher
- 1917: Ebe Walter Tunnell , American politician
- 1918: Hermann Erler , German music publisher, composer and writer
- 1922: Arthur Wesley Dow , American landscape painter
- 1922: Hannes Hafstein , Icelandic writer and politician
- 1924: Samuel Gompers , American union leader
- 1926: Rudolf Eisler , Austrian epistemologist
- 1928: Jacob McGavock Dickinson , American politician
- 1930: Fritz Pregl , Austrian chemist, Nobel Prize winner
- 1933: Hendrik Barend Greven , Dutch economist and statistician
- 1935: Victor Grignard , French chemist, Nobel Prize winner
- 1939: Gildardo Magaña , Mexican author, politician, revolutionary and anarcho-syndicalist
- 1944: Engelbert Brinker , German resistance fighter
- 1944: Wassily Kandinsky , Russian painter and graphic artist
- 1944: Lupe Vélez , Mexican actress
- 1945: Johanna Bormann , German guard in concentration camps
- 1945: Wilhelm Dörr , German SS sergeant, deputy. Concentration camp commandant, war criminal
- 1945: Leopold Jessner , German theater director
- 1945: Galka Scheyer , German-American painter, art dealer and art collector
- 1947: Nicholas Roerich , Russian painter, writer, archaeologist, scientist, traveler and philosopher
- 1948: Frans Drion , Dutch teacher, politician and anarchist
- 1950: Abraham Wald , American mathematician
1951-1975
- 1955: António Caetano de Abreu Freire Egas Moniz , Portuguese neurologist and politician
- 1957: Georg Pahl , German actor and radio play speaker
- 1959: Peter Platzer , Austrian soccer player
- 1961: August Högn , German teacher, school principal, composer and local researcher
- 1961: Grandma Moses , American painter
- 1961: Richard Zöller , German judge
- 1962: Rudolf Wissell , German politician, MdR, Reich Minister
- 1963: Filippo Anfuso , Italian diplomat, state secretary and politician
- 1963: Josef Keil , Austrian historian, epigraphist and archaeologist
- 1966: Fritz Grantze , German politician, Member of the Bundestag, Member of the Bundestag
- 1966: Bruno Karl August Jung , German local politician
- 1966: Stanisław Mikołajczyk , Polish exile premiere
- 1967: Georg Dix , German politician and resistance fighter
- 1968: Siegfried Reda , German composer and organist
- 1969: Shishi Bunroku , Japanese writer
- 1971: François Augiéras , French author
- 1971: Dita Parlo , German-French film actress
- 1971: Bruno Baum , German KPD and SED functionary
- 1972: Robert Laly , French racing car driver
- 1973: Giuseppe Beltrami , Italian clergyman, Vatican diplomat and cardinal
1976-2000
- 1976: Eduard Claudius , German writer
- 1976: Lambert Schill , German association official and politician, Member of the Bundestag
- 1977: Oğuz Atay , Turkish writer
- 1978: Heinrich Kautz , German educator and writer
- 1979: Alfred Cardinal Bengsch , German clergyman, Bishop of Berlin
- 1979: Thomas Braut , German actor
- 1982: Jan Anderle , Czech test pilot
- 1986: Heather Angel , British actress
- 1987: Herbert Tiede , German actor
- 1988: André Jaunet , Swiss flautist
- 1989: Robert Blue , American politician, governor of Iowa
- 1989: Michał Wiłkomirski , Polish violinist, violist and music teacher
- 1991: Jan Hendriks , German actor
- 1991: Emil Zbinden , Swiss draftsman, xylograph and painter
- 1992: Wilhelm von Ammon , German lawyer
- 1992: Ellis Arnall , American politician
- 1993: Kenneth Bliss Anderson , American screenwriter and animator
- 1994: Glenn Malcolm Anderson , American politician
- 1994: Olga Nikolajewna Rubzowa , Russian chess player
- 1995: Klaus Enderlein , German motorcycle racer
- 1996: Otto Kurth , German actor and director
21st century
- 2001: Elsbeth Plehn , German singer, singing teacher and university teacher
- 2001: Chuck Schuldiner , American guitarist and singer
- 2002: Jurgis Kunčinas , Lithuanian writer
- 2004: August Graf Kageneck , German journalist
- 2004: Eduard Ohlinger , German weightlifter
- 2004: David Wheeler , British computer pioneer
- 2005: Stanley "Tookie" Williams , American murderer, co-founder of the youth gang Crips , children's book author
- 2006: Henry Beachell , American agronomist
- 2006: Lamar Hunt , American sports official
- 2006: Robert Long , Dutch songwriter
- 2006: Homesick James , American blues musician
- 2007: Floyd "Red Crow" Westerman , American singer, actor and Native American activist ( AIM )
- 2007: Sybille Schloß , German actress
- 2008: Horst Tappert , German actor
- 2009: Paul A. Samuelson , American economist
- 2009: Larry Sultan , American artist and photographer
- 2010: Richard Holbrooke , American diplomat
- 2010: Woolly Wolstenholme , American musician
- 2011: Anthony Amato , American opera director, founder and head of Amato Opera
- 2011: Russell Hoban , American writer
- 2011: Klaus-Dieter Sieloff , German soccer player
- 2013: Horst Tomayer , German author and actor
- 2014: Ernst Albrecht , German politician
- 2014: Claus Küchenmeister , German writer
- 2014: Roger Masson , French racing car driver and farmer
- 2014: Andreas Schockenhoff , German politician
- 2015: Benedict Anderson , American political scientist
- 2016: Betsy Pecanins , Mexican singer
- 2016: Thomas Schelling , American economist and Nobel Prize winner
- 2016: Alan Thicke , Canadian actor
- 2018: Nancy Wilson , American jazz singer
- 2019: Gerd Baltus , German actor
- 2020: Ambrose Dlamini , Eswatin politician
Holidays and memorial days
- Church memorial days:
- St. Lucia of Syracuse , Roman virgin and martyr (Protestant, Anglican, Catholic, Orthodox, Armenian)
- St. Odilia , noblewoman, abbess and patron saint (Protestant, Catholic, Orthodox)
- Christian Fürchtegott Gellert , German theologian and song poet (Protestant)
- St. Jodok , French hermit, clergyman and founder of a monastery (Catholic)
- Name days
- State holidays and memorial days
- Malta : Republic Day (1974)
- regional customs
- More information about the day
Further entries can be found in the list of days of remembrance and action .
Commons : December 13th - Collection of images, videos and audio files