Wismar
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Coordinates: 53 ° 53 ' N , 11 ° 28' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | |
| County : | Northwest Mecklenburg | |
| Height : | 13 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 41.74 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 42,963 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 1029 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postcodes : | 23966, 23968, 23970 | |
| Area code : | 03841 | |
| License plate : | UTI | |
| Community key : | 13 0 74 087 | |
| LOCODE : | DE WIS | |
City administration address : |
Am Markt 1 23966 Wismar |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Thomas Beyer ( SPD ) | |
| Location of the city of Wismar in the district of Northwest Mecklenburg | ||
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| Historic old town of Wismar | |
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UNESCO world heritage 
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| National territory: |
 Germany
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| Type: | Culture |
| Criteria : | (ii) (iv) |
| Reference No .: | 1067 |
| UNESCO region : | Europe and North America |
| History of enrollment | |
| Enrollment: | 2002 (session 26) |
The Hanseatic city of Wismar is located on the Baltic Sea coast of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania at the southern end of the Wismar Bay, protected by the island of Poel . It is the sixth largest city and the largest of the 18 medium-sized centers in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In addition, Wismar is the district town of the district of Northwest Mecklenburg .
Wismar was a member of the Hanseatic League early on and flourished in the late Middle Ages , which can still be seen in the cityscape today through many Gothic monuments . After the Thirty Years War , Wismar came under Swedish rule , which lasted until 1803 ( de jure 1903), in 1648 , as the annual Sweden Festival commemorates. After that the city belonged to Mecklenburg-Schwerin . During the Second World War , the city was hit by several bomb attacks , which particularly affected the Gothic Quarter with the main churches St. Marien and St. Georgen as well as the old school . In 2002 the old towns of Wismar and Stralsund were added to the UNESCO World Heritage List as Historic Old Towns of Stralsund and Wismar .
Mainly due to its cultural and historical importance with a valuable cityscape and thanks to its location on the Baltic Sea, Wismar is a popular tourist destination , increasingly also for cruises . The industrial port and shipping industry, for example with MV Werften , various mechanical engineering companies, wood processing and the solar industry are also economically important . Since it was founded in 1881, Wismar has also been home to the Karstadt department store chain .
geography
The city is located on the southern tip of the Wismar Bay of the same name on the Baltic Sea . This is where the Köppernitz brook and the artificially created town pit , fed from the mill pond , flow into the harbor basin to the Baltic Sea. The canal expansion, begun in 1577 by the ducal court architect Tilemann Stella , flows east of the old town into the Baltic Sea. It was initially called the Viechelnsche Fahrt , but it was not until the 19th century that the name Wallensteingraben became established . The canal had to overcome a height difference of 38 meters and proved to be uneconomical and silted up as a result. Nevertheless, canal plans exist to this day, most recently in 2008 through a feasibility study that the district administration of the district of Northwest Mecklenburg wanted to commission. But the necessary funds to build and maintain the controversial waterway to the Baltic Sea were missing. In the urban area there are several smaller and two larger stagnant bodies of water, the Mühlenteich and the Viereggenhöfer pond .
City structure
Wismar is divided into eight districts, each of which is divided into district areas:
- Altstadt with the district area Altstadt
- Wismar Nord with the district areas Fischkaten, Redentin, Müggenburg, Eiserne Hand, Schwanzenbusch, Haffeld Süd and Haffeld Nord
- Wismar Ost with the district areas Wismar Ost and Kagenmarkt
- Dargetzow with the district areas Dargetzow, Kritzowburg and Groß Flöte
- Wismar Süd with the district areas Wismar Süd, Kluß and Rothentor
- Friedenshof with the district areas Friedenshof and Dammhusen
- Wismar West with the district areas Burgwall, Weidendamm, Köpernitztal and Lübsche Burg
- Wendorf with the district areas Wendorf, Hinter Wendorf, Hoben and Insel Walfisch
climate
The annual precipitation is 599 mm and is therefore comparatively low as it falls in the lower quarter of the values recorded in Germany. Lower values are registered at 21% of the measuring stations of the German Weather Service . The driest month is February, most of the precipitation falls in July, twice as much as in February. Precipitation varies little. Lower seasonal fluctuations are recorded at eleven percent of the measuring stations.
history
Surname
Wismar was previously named among others Wismaria, Visemêr, Wismar (1147, 1167), Wyssemaria (1229) or Wismaria (1237). The origin of the city name is not clear, it should be derived from the name of the stream of the aqua Wisemaraa east of the city .
The presumed settlement of Alt Wismar (document from 1167) may later have been incorporated into the new city.
Since 1990 the city has had the addition of the Hanseatic City back to its name .
City foundation
The region around Wismar is a settlement area that is thousands of years old. After the Germanic tribes withdrew during the migration , Wendish or Slavic Obodrites lived here until the end of the 12th century .
The city's foundation, estimated at 1,226, is probably due to the Prince I. Heinrich Borwin back. The city of Wismar was first mentioned in a document in 1229. The people who settled here came - according to their family names - from Holstein , Westphalia , Lower Saxony and the Mark . Shortly afterwards, the town charter in Wismar was introduced and confirmed in 1266. The individual settlements around St. Marien and St. Nikolai grew together until 1238. With the influx of settlers from 1250 the new town around St. Georgen was added. Wismar was the seat of the mendicant orders Franciscans (1251/1252) and Dominicans (1292/1293). In 1276 the first phase of settlement was over. Wismar built a city wall that encircles all quarters, the location of which still defines the boundaries of the old town today.
Hanseatic period
On September 6, 1259, the ambassadors from Lübeck and Rostock met in Wismar to conclude a protection treaty against the increasing piracy; for Wismar the beginning of the Hanseatic era . In 1280, Wismar formed the Wendish League of Cities on Hansische Ostseestrasse together with Stralsund , Rostock , Lübeck and Hamburg . The city became an important member of the Hanseatic League in the Middle Ages . The Wismarer Neustadt was built between 1238 and 1250, and Wismar reached the extent that it was until the 18th century.
Prince Johann I von Mecklenburg moved his residence from Mecklenburg Castle to the Weberkamp in front of the city in 1257 , and Wismar remained their residence until 1358. In 1259 the cities of Rostock, Lübeck and Wismar joined forces to fight the pirates together. The Peace of Rostock , which followed in 1283, stabilized the cooperation between the Hanseatic cities. The first big fire in the city took place in 1267 and the reconstruction was carried out with many brick houses . After an uprising against Henrich II of Mecklenburg in 1310 , Wismar had to submit to the Duke in 1311.
In 1350 around 2000 people died of the Black Death . In the armed conflict between the Hanseatic League and Denmark, Wismar stood with the cities of the Wendish quarter. After the Peace of Stralsund , Emperor Karl IV visited the city in 1375.
At the beginning of the 15th century, the craft offices under their leader Claus Jesup revolted and set up a new council , which however could not hold up against the patriciate and long-distance traders. The unrest escalated again in 1427 after the defeat of the Hanseatic fleet, and in Wismar the fleet leader and the mayor Johann Bantzkow were executed on the execution block on the market square.
Since the effective collection of taxes for state purposes, the revenue of which came primarily from the commercial turnover of city merchants and from the wages of free city dwellers, required the cooperation of the city tax authorities, the introduction or change of each individual tax was subject to the approval of the state estates, including Wismar , on their diets. Their emergence goes back to the beginning of the 14th century, when the knighthood, the totality of the vassals in Mecklenburg, who gathered irregularly since the 13th century, called in representatives of the cities that formed the landscape . Since the unification of Mecklenburg under Heinrich IV. In 1471, the estates of the three partial dominions Mecklenburg (Mecklenburgischer Kreis), Wenden (Wendischer Kreis) and Stargard (Stargardscher Kreis) increasingly gathered together in joint state parliaments, before they formed a union in 1523 around the imminent renewed one to counteract the dynastic division of the country by Albrecht VII .
The Reformation started in Wismar from the Franciscans. The monk of the gray monastery Heinrich Never adopted the new Lutheran teaching early on. The Gray Monastery became a school around 1540 and then a Latin school .
The canal construction of the Viechelner Fahrt, today called Wallensteingraben , was put into operation in 1594 as a waterway to the Schweriner See and the Elbe , but fell into disrepair shortly afterwards.
Sweden time
During the Thirty Years' War in 1632 Sweden conquered the city, which had been occupied by imperial troops since 1627 and which fell to the Swedish crown as an imperial fiefdom in the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 . From 1653 the city was the seat of the upper tribunal .
In the Skåne War Wismar was conquered by the Danes in 1675 and occupied until November 1680; then Wismar was again part of Sweden, which expanded the city into one of the strongest sea fortresses.
In 1711 the Danes defeated the Swedes in front of the city in the battle near Lübow . The city fortifications could not be conquered, but were razed after the Swedish defeat in the Northern War , after the besieged Wismar was taken by Prussian-Danish troops in the Pomeranian campaign of 1715/1716 in 1716 .
Swedish rule over Wismar ended de facto in 1803 when Sweden pledged the city to the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin for 99 years with the Malmö pledge agreement . Formally, Wismar reverted to Germany in 1903 and Sweden waived the redemption of the pledge. Wismar therefore celebrates the Sweden Festival every year .
From 1803 to 1933
From 1806 Napoleonic troops occupied Mecklenburg and Wismar, in 1813 they withdrew again.
Economically weakened by the times of Sweden and occupation, the buildings fell into disrepair; Shipping, brewery and trade all experienced a decline. The Wismar town hall from 1350 collapsed in 1807; The new building was built in 1819. The import duty remained in place until 1864 when Mecklenburg joined the North German Confederation .
The construction of the linden garden began in 1815. In 1816 the first Mecklenburg music festival took place in Wismar with the performance of the Joseph Haydn oratorio The Creation in St. Nikolai. From this the second oldest music association in Germany, founded in 1818, developed. In 1821 the Hammersche Badeschiff was inaugurated in Wendorf. This attraction was in operation until 1850. In 1825, the city's "savings institution" began operations in the town hall. In 1831 the cemetery in front of the Mecklenburg Gate was built south of the old town. As part of the city wall, it was demolished in 1869 when the city was being demolished. In 1842 the theater opened on Mecklenburger Strasse. The theater burned down in 1948.
The Hanseatic city applied in 1827 to be taken back into the landscape from which Wismar had left under the Swedish regiment, but initially did not succeed. The first paved road to Schwerin was built in 1834, the one to Brüel in 1844. This was followed in 1846 by the roads to Kröpelin and in 1847 to Lübeck.
In 1862 the first warehouse was built in the port and in 1888 the new grand ducal customs office. The old port from around 1775 could be supplemented by the new port by 1893 and from 1909 by the wooden port and the west port. In 1927 the sea border slaughterhouse was built. The new storage facilities, the Löwe storage facility from 1935, the high Ohlerich storage facility from 1938 and the Kruse storage facility from 1940, were intended to stimulate grain transport, but throughput stagnated considerably. The sea border slaughterhouse damaged in the war had to be dismantled in 1951. The Swedish heads in the harbor entrance were damaged in 1902, came into the museum and were put up again as copies in the same place in 1903.
In 1830 riots broke out in Wismar when the July Revolution took place. Wismar received a new constitution and the demonstrations were broken up through military intervention.
In 1842 a lithographic institution was established by the pharmacist Friedrich Ferdinand Carl Wüstney; she produced the famous Wismar playing cards. In 1845 the pharmacist Carl Friedrich Framm opened the Neue Apotheke (now the Hirsch Pharmacy ).
In 1847 the paddle steamer Obotrit went to Stockholm. In 1848 there was a regular ferry service to Copenhagen for a while.
The Mecklenburg school compulsory school law was binding in Wismar in 1855. After 400 years a school was built again.
The municipal and voluntary fire brigade in Wismar began operations in 1859. Wismar has been a garrison town since 1820. In 1851 a new military hospital was completed in front of the Altwismartor (today the headquarters of the Wismar police station). The first quarter houses (barracks) were built in 1881 and 1882.
A railway committee was founded in 1836, but it was not until 1848 that Wismar was connected to the railway network and in 1857 its train station. In 1848 the railway line to Schwerin was built , in 1883 to Rostock and in 1887 to Karow .
In 1881 Rudolph Karstadt opened his first cloth shop in Wismar and thus laid the foundation for today's Karstadt department store chain . In 1908 he built his first department store in Wismar.
From 1869 to 1904 the city wall, defense towers and city gates were torn down. Remnants of the wall, a defense tower and the water gate have been preserved. In 1888 the post office got its building, which is still in use today.
Wismar had expelled his Jewish flatmates from the city in 1350. In 1867, Wismar decided that Jews would have unhindered access and immigration to the city.
In 1870 Heinrich Podeus opened the Wismar coal trading company and in 1879 bought the iron foundry and machine works Crull & Co. from 1853, which had 200 employees in 1895. In 1884 a sawmill and planing mill were added, as well as a steam shipping company that owned ten screw steamers in 1905. In 1893 Podeus founded a railway research institute, which operated as a wagon factory from 1894 (1911 public limited company). The Wismar Canal Construction Association, founded in 1892 on the initiative of Podeus, wanted to complete the unfinished canal from Lake Schwerin to the Baltic Sea. In 1902 the Podeus'sche machine factory was established, other plants were expanded. Up to 1,600 employees worked in the Podeus companies. The companies had to be liquidated in the global economic crisis .
The sugar factory dates from 1889, the slaughter of 1888. With effect from 1 July 1897 Wismar was inducted into the landscape again, but belonged to a seaside town as already Rostock at any of the three circles into which the other towns with country estates of the Sun called Landstädte , was divided and, like these, was represented with a seat and vote in the Landtag until 1918. In 1897 the first pipeline for the water supply and a waterworks with a water tower came, which remained in operation until 1929.
1933 to 1945
In 1933 the district of Wismar was established ; the city of Wismar remained independent .
After the seizure of Nazi political opponents and were Jews persecuted. The popular Jewish doctor Leopold Liebenthal died three weeks after the November pogrom in 1938 . The memorial book of the Federal Archives for the victims of the National Socialist persecution of Jews in Germany (1933–1945) lists four Jewish residents of Wismar who were deported and mostly murdered in the Holocaust .
During the Second World War , prisoners of war as well as women and men from the occupied countries had to do military-grade forced labor . a. in the railcar and wagon factory and the Dornier aircraft works . 36 victims of forced labor are buried in the cemetery on Schweriner Strasse. In 1933, the Dornier works from Friedrichshafen initially took over parts of the former Podeus works. In 1934 the construction of the production halls began. In 1936, 1908 people worked at Dornier in Wismar, in 1937 there were 3,000 and in 1944 finally 4,437. These Dornier factories were expropriated after the Second World War (today Schottel GmbH, which manufactures ship propulsion systems, is located here ).
The Hamburg architect Konstanty Gutschow developed the development plan for the "Seestadt Wismar" in 1936/1937. In 1939 he created the "Southeast" development plan.
During the war there were twelve air raids , in which 460 tons of bombs were dropped. Some historical buildings were badly damaged or destroyed like the Georgenkirche , the Marienkirche and the surrounding Gothic quarter . Wismar's occupation began on May 2, 1945 by British and Canadian troops.
1945 until today
In July 1945 the Red Army entered Wismar. The GDR government had the ruins of the nave of the Marienkirche blown up in 1960. In particular, from 1949 to 1990, many memorial sites were created to commemorate injustice suffered and to commemorate atrocities committed (see list in the main article History of the Hanseatic City of Wismar # From 1945 to today ).
In 1961 the city and the evangelical church signed a contract on the spiritual uplift . After that, the church ceded property in and outside Wismar to a trust property of the city. The church buildings initially remained in the property of the church until 1987. The city undertook to carry out extensive construction work on the churches, but did not meet its obligations. In 2008 the church buildings were assigned to the city by the Federal Office for Central Services and Unresolved Property Issues. In 2010 the city established a city church foundation in Wismar .
Wismar, after 1945 the second port of the GDR , specialized in the handling of bulk goods. The shipbuilding industry goes back to the establishment of a ship repair company of the Red Army. Wismar's harbor is now home to one of the largest European timber clusters in Europe. With the new shipbuilding hall, the shipyard is one of the most modern of its kind.
Since German reunification in 1990, Wismar's historic city center has been thoroughly renovated as part of the urban development funding. Since 2002, Wismar's old town, together with Stralsund, has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site with the name Historic Old Towns Stralsund and Wismar . Wismar founded the German World Heritage Foundation together with Stralsund . In 2002, the city hosted the first state horticultural show in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
With the district reform of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in 2011 , Wismar became part and the administrative seat of the district of Northwest Mecklenburg .
Incorporations
On July 1, 1950, the previously independent communities Redentin Dorf and Wendorf bei Wismar were incorporated.
Population development
In 1989 the population of the city of Wismar reached its historical high of over 58,000. It has declined significantly since the fall of the Wall in the GDR.
The following overview shows the number of inhabitants according to the respective territorial status. Until 1833 it was mostly an estimate, then census results ( 1 ) or official updates by the statistical offices and the city administration itself. The inhabitants were predominantly Protestant. In 1905 there were 400 Catholics and 32 Jews among the 21,902 inhabitants.
1 census result |
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politics
Citizenship
Due to its Hanseatic tradition, the city council is called citizenship . The chairman is the president of the citizenry . The citizenry consists of 37 seats, of which only 36 were filled after the local elections on June 7, 2009, since a single applicant could win votes for two seats. The SPD provided 13 seats, the CDU 8, the Die Linke 7, the FDP 4 and the citizens' group 3 seats. Another seat went to the individual applicant Wilfried Boldt. On June 8, 2010, the president of the citizenship, Gerd Zielenkiewitz , and three other members of the SPD parliamentary group in Wismar resigned and founded the new parliamentary group for Wismar . The SPD parliamentary group thus still had nine seats.
In the local elections on May 25, 2014 , the SPD became the strongest parliamentary group with 11 seats, and from June 26, 2014, Tilo Gundlack (SPD), a member of the state parliament, was the president of the citizenry.
The results of the citizenship election on May 26, 2019 and the resulting distribution of seats in the citizenship can be seen in the diagrams. When the citizenship was constituted in June 2019, Sabine Mönch-Kalina was elected President of the Citizenship.
Mayor and Lord Mayor
Thomas Beyer (SPD) has been Mayor of Wismar since July 17, 2010, succeeding Rosemarie Wilcken (SPD).
coat of arms
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Blazon : “In silver over a blue corrugated shield base, inside three (2: 1) silver fish, the upper ones facing, the lower one to the left, a red cog swimming to the left with two silver stripes along the deck line, gold studded oar and gold bowsprit; on the mast a golden paw-cross tip, underneath a flag waving to the left, twice longitudinally striped by silver and red, a golden masthead and a golden triangular shield, inside a golden crowned black bull's head with a torn red mouth, silver teeth, a knocked out red tongue, in seven points torn neck fur and silver horns; on the bow of the cog a natural seagull turned to the left. "
The coat of arms was confirmed in 1946, subject to a final regulation, by the President of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania State Administration, recognized by the Ministry of the Interior in the newly designed version on June 30, 1994 and registered under No. 27 of the coat of arms of the State of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. |
| Justification of the coat of arms: After the cog image of the second large city seal was used as the allegedly oldest coat of arms when a war landmark was nailed in the autumn of 1915, the suggestion came to use the coat of arms created in this way again. In 1916 the drawing of the coat of arms was incorporated into a new council flag and printed on the bread cards. In the "German City Book " published in 1939, both the bull's head coat of arms and the cog coat of arms are listed. After the Second World War, instead of the historical coat of arms, the city used the cog coat of arms, which ran counter to all heraldic considerations . On November 21, 1946, the 1st Vice-President of the State of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania raised no reservations for the time being, subject to a final settlement. Probably in 1967 the city gave up the repeatedly criticized inclination of the shield, but the coat of arms still showed considerable deficiencies in terms of symbolism and tinging. As a result of a lengthy decision-making process, the citizens of Wismar decided on August 25, 1994 for the now redesigned cog coat of arms , which, however, had to be drawn again in 1995 due to some graphic inadequacies. In the coat of arms designed after the seal image of the SIGILLVM WISSEMARIE CIVITATIS - first handed down in 1354 - the cog, the typical merchant ship of the Hanseatic era, impressively illustrates the main source of income for the Wismar residents, the long-distance trade of merchants. While the tinging of the ship and the flag mark Wismar as a seaside town in close alliance with the Hanseatic suburb of Lübeck, the black bull's head refers to the princely suzerainty. Another source of income is supposed to symbolize the fish, the fishing, especially the herring catch, and the fish trade. The seagull was probably created by the reinterpretation of a yard visible in the oldest city seal at this point. |
- Historical city arms
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Blazon : “Split; in front in gold a half-looking, gold-crowned black bull's head at the crack with a torn red mouth, silver teeth, a knocked out red tongue, torn neck fur and silver horns; at the back divided three times by silver and red. "
The coat of arms was established on April 10, 1858 by Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . |
| Justification of the coat of arms: Probably since the last decade of the 13th century the seaside town of Wismar had a coat of arms that is referred to in literature as the bull's head coat of arms . Its depiction has been handed down in the coat of arms of the SECRETVM BVRGENSIVM DE WISMARIA - the oldest impression of which is from 1311. The coat of arms designed according to this secret seal was established in April 1858 and can still be found in the throne room of Schwerin Castle today. |
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Blazon : “In blue on waves crowned with silver, a red cog swimming to the left with two silver stripes, a gold-studded rudder, a gold bowsprit and a golden masthead, on the mast a golden cross-headed flag with a two-white and red-striped flag; on the bow a silver seagull turned to the left; in the waves three silver fish, the two upper ones facing, the lower one facing to the left; on the mast a golden shield, in it a gold-crowned looking black bull's head with a knocked out red tongue and silver horns. " |
| Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms of Wismar was in use in this form since 1918; It was first documented as a seal of the city in 1354. The cog is the ship of the Hanseatic era, white and red are the Hanseatic colors. The bull's head indicates that it once belonged to the state of Mecklenburg, the cross on the top of the mast indicates "Christian seafaring". The three fish symbolize the former fishing in the Middle Ages as well as the three fishing areas of the Hanseatic sailors off the coast of Norway, Sweden and Denmark. The seagull is probably a reinterpretation of a wooden beam that took place over the centuries. |
flag
The flag is historic and was redrawn in 1995.
The flag is evenly striped lengthways by white, red, white, red, white and red. The length of the flag cloth is related to the height as 5: 3.
Originally this was the sea flag of the Wismar ships in the Middle Ages and the city flag had only four stripes with the same colors, which is also reflected in the city's official coat of arms.
Official seal
The official seal shows the city coat of arms with the inscription "HANSESTADT WISMAR".
Town twinning
Wismar has been twinned with Kemi in Finland since 1959, Lübeck in Schleswig-Holstein since 1987, Calais in France since 1966, Aalborg in Denmark since 1961 and Kalmar in Sweden since 2002. In addition, there has been a friendship with Halden in Norway since 1991. Wismar closed in 2019 a new partnership with Pogradec in Albania.
Culture and sights
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As a world cultural heritage , the Hanseatic city and the old town of Stralsund have been under the special protection of UNESCO since May 2002 .
Marketplace and surroundings
The 100 by 100 meter market square is one of the largest in northern Germany. On it is a landmark of the city, the Wismar water art from 1602 in the Renaissance style .
Stand on the market
- the classicistic town hall , built between 1817 and 1819, with a temporary permanent exhibition with exhibits on the history of the town in the vaulted cellar
- a brick-Gothic town house , built in 1360, today Restaurant Alter Schwede
In the vicinity of the market, the numerous renovated streets with medieval to classicist gabled houses deserve attention. Behind the town hall on Rudolph-Karstadt-Platz in the pedestrian zone is the main store of the Karstadt department store group . The building in its current appearance dates from 1908, remodeling in 1931. The historic staircase and the small museum on the ground floor are worth seeing.
The royal court in the style of the brick renaissance is remarkable , richly decorated with terracottas from the workshop of the Lübeck artist Statius von Düren . The local district court is located in the Fürstenhof today.
Churches
The inner city churches are evidence of the brick Gothic :
Of the three main Gothic churches ( Nikolaikirche , Georgenkirche and Marienkirche ), only the Nikolaikirche was largely preserved at the end of the Second World War . The other two large city churches were badly damaged by aerial bombs.
- The Nikolaikirche was built as a three-aisled basilica from 1381 to 1487 as a church for seafarers and fishermen. A characteristic feature is the nave, which is one of the tallest in Germany. In the church u. a. the baptismal font from 1337 from the Marienkirche on display.
- The nave of St. Marien was very badly damaged by air mines. The tower was preserved. In 1960 the ruins of the nave were blown up. The exhibition Ways to Brick Gothic is currently taking place in the tower, which also served as a navigation mark .
- St. Georgen has been rebuilt since reunification , and in May 2010 the reconstruction work was provisionally concluded with a ceremony.
- The Holy Spirit Church dates from the 14th century. The well-preserved church is the main building of the Holy Spirit Hospital on Lübschen Strasse.
- The Catholic Laurentiuskirche was built in 1901/1902 in the new Romanesque style.
- The New Church was built as a Protestant emergency church in 1951 next to the badly bombed Marienkirche.
Remaining tower of the Marienkirche
Nikolaikirche
George Church during the reconstruction
St. Laurence
More Attractions
Not far from the Nicolaikirche is the City History Museum of the Hanseatic City of Wismar in the historically significant Schabbellhaus . The Welt-Erbe-Haus is a listed hall house from the 14th century. Since June 2014 there has been an exhibition on the UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Also of interest are the historic old port with the water gate , the last preserved city gate of Wismar (of originally five gates) and the southern Baltic coast, the so-called vault and the replica of the Poeler cog , whose home port is the old port of Wismar. There is also the tree house with two replicas of the Swedish heads, Wismar's landmark, in front of the house entrance.
Also one of the medieval witnesses of the Hanseatic city is the old water tower , the last remaining defensive tower of the city fortifications, which was expanded into a water tower in 1685. South of the tower is the Lindengarten , a green area financed by donations. The water tower at the Turnplatz , a 28 meter high, neo-Gothic brick tower, dates from 1897 .
Outside the old town is the ensemble of the state garden show from 2002 with a lookout tower as well as the zoo and the technical state museum .
Archaeological excavations are currently taking place in the old school , they serve the goal of building security and reconstruction.
movie theater
- Tikozigalpa cultural center with the cinema in Tikozigalpa with weekly program cinema screenings , as well as a club bar and event rooms for numerous music and educational events. The Tikozigalpa is a voluntary initiative and has existed since 1997.
music
The Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Festival is hosted at several venues in Wismar. In addition to the George Church, these are the Holy Spirit Church and the old harbor. Up until now, open-air concerts have taken place here next to the historic warehouses.
In the churches of Wismar is Wismarer Kantorei active. It was founded in 1975 and performs choral work with an adult choir, several community choirs, a youth and children's choir. In addition to the choir, the instrumental ensemble Collegium musicum is included in the performances. Early musical education is offered in the Protestant kindergarten.
The Wismar big band was founded at the music school in 1996 . The band members are mostly music students, but they are often supported by former members. In addition to various concerts and rehearsal camps, the annual highlights include the international Neubrandenburg youth big band workshop. The big band has taken part in various competitions such as the German Orchestra Competition, the Skoda Jazz Cup Berlin and the Jugend jazzt .
The CampusOpenAir Wismar has been taking place in the Hanseatic city since 2000. Bands like Revolverheld (2005), Blumentopf and Clueso (2006), Culcha Candela and Dog Eat Dog (2007), Donots , Das Bo and MIA. (2008) and photos , Dendemann , Virginia Now! and Thomas D (2009) already filled the Wismar campus with up to 8,000 guests (2008). On September 25, 2010, at the 10th CampusOpenAir Wismar, The BossHoss , Samy Deluxe , Tele , The Sonic Boom Foundation and I'm Not A Band performed. The festival traditionally takes place after the first week of the winter semester (end of September), is organized entirely on a voluntary basis by the general student committee of the University of Wismar and is one of the largest student music festivals in northern Germany.
Every July, the International Folklore Festival Wismar takes place in cooperation with the CIOFF organization ; in 2015 it was the 13th edition. Dance, sports, traditional costumes and music groups from all over the world perform there and present a diverse program between the market square, the old harbor and the theater .
Economy and Transport
economy
MV Werften Wismar is one of the largest employers in Wismar. The shipbuilding yard employs around 600 people, some of them in one of the largest covered dry docks in Germany, which is 72 m high and 395 m long and contributes to the cityscape.
In the Haffeld urban area (Wismar-Nord), the Hanseatic city has one of the most modern wood processing centers in Europe. There are Ilim Nordic Timber , Egger Holzwerkstoffe Wismar , German Pellets and the glulam manufacturer Hüttemann Wismar settled. Around 1000 jobs have been created on the site.
The SOLARA Sonnenstromfabrik Wismar, part of the Centrosolar Group, has been researching, developing and producing in the field of photovoltaics since 2001 . The program includes both PV network systems and PV island systems. In March 2008 a new manufacturing plant was built. Around 360 employees produce solar modules worth 400 million euros here every year.
Karstadt's head office is located in the city . Rudolph Karstadt opened his first cloth shop here in 1881 .
Port facilities
seaport
Wismar has a seaport which , in certain north wind weather conditions, results in relatively high water levels in the region. The port was mentioned in a document as early as 1211 and is particularly important for bulk goods and general cargo . The main types of goods are round and sawn timber, steel and scrap, peat, building materials and potash and salt, which was completely rebuilt in the late 1990s. The port offers a total of 15 berths with a quay length of 2300 meters and two dolphin berths . In 2008 the port was called by 1,300 seagoing vessels, with which 3.46 million tons were handled. In 2011 3.2 million t of goods were handled, which is a decrease of 8.6% compared to the value in 2010 (3.5 million t). The total throughput of all goods in the port of Wismar was 7.5 million t in 2014 (2013: 8.6 million t, 2012: 7.8 million t). Sea freight throughput was 3.8 million t in 2013 and 3.7 million t in 2015. In 2016, 3.4 million t of goods that were transported on the water were handled, the total throughput of all goods (truck, rail and ship) was 7.1 million t (2015: 8.1 million t).
The operator of the seaport is Seehafen Wismar GmbH , in which the city of Wismar holds 90% and the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania a 10% share.
With the Columbus Cruise Center Wismar (CCCW), Wismar has been offering a cruise terminal at berth 17 in the overseas port since 2013 , which was used twice by cruise ships in 2013 . In 2014 there were twelve calls with 14,000 passengers; In 2016, nine attempts were made, in 2017 there were eleven attempts. In the course of this, the terminal was modernized and extended so that around 30 calls are possible per season. Columbus Cruise Center Wismar GmbH was founded in 2012 as a subsidiary of Seehafen Wismar GmbH and Columbus Cruise Center Bremerhaven GmbH for the marketing and handling of cruise ship passengers at the Old Harbor .
The pilotage in the port of Wismar and in the offshore sea area is guaranteed by the members of the Warnemünde- based pilot brotherhood Wismar-Rostock-Stralsund .
Old Port
The historic old port dates from the era before the beginning of the industrial age. It is no longer important for cargo handling; Instead, it is one of the most attractive places in Wismar for both locals and tourists. It is the home port of the reconstruction of the Poeler Kogge and the venue for the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Festival . Hotels and other catering establishments are located in the vicinity. The so-called tree house at the old port owes its name to the fact that the port entrance was closed earlier at night for safety reasons with the help of a long, cross-cut tree trunk.
Marinas
Wismar offers an attractive infrastructure for sailors and pleasure boaters. Close to the city center are the Old Harbor with quays suitable for larger yachts, the West Harbor with lots of berths for boats of all sizes and the resting place for water hikers south of the Überseehafen . To the north of the shipyard is the sailing harbor, which is only suitable for smaller boats because of the narrow fairway and the limited draft . The Wendorf marina is located northwest of the city center in the district of the same name.
Wendorf seaside resort
The seaside resort formerly known as the Wendorf seaside resort , 3.5 kilometers north of Wismar directly on the bay, has been incorporated by the city into the Wendorf district . Around 1910 Wendorf consisted of two villages and a leasehold with a total of 240 inhabitants. Since then, several villas and numerous apartment buildings and apartment blocks have been built in Wendorf.
Close to the beach, on a hill in a park-like setting, there is a hotel that also hosts social events on weekends. The beach is fine sand and gently sloping, the waves are low.
traffic
Rail transport
Wismar is on the Wismar – Rostock and Ludwigslust – Wismar railway lines ; the Wismar – Karow line was closed in 1998. The Wismar station is located northeast of the Old Town. It is served by a Regional Express line and two regional train lines:
- RE 2: Wismar - Bad Kleinen - Schwerin - Ludwigslust - Wittenberge - Berlin Hbf - Lübben - Cottbus (every two hours)
- RB 11: Wismar - Bad Doberan - Rostock - Ticino (every hour)
- RB 17: Wismar - Bad Kleinen - Schwerin - Ludwigslust (every two hours)
Transportation
The central bus station is located in the immediate vicinity of the train station . Almost all city and regional bus routes meet here . The central stop of the city bus lines is Am Markt .
The city bus traffic in Wismar and the regional bus traffic in Northwest Mecklenburg has been provided by NAHBUS Nordwestmecklenburg GmbH (created from Grevesmühlener Busbetriebe GmbH and the local transport company Nahverkehr Nordwestmecklenburg ) since January 1st, 2016 , partly with the company Bus-Betriebe Wismar GmbH (BBW) as a subcontractor . Different tariffs apply to the two areas of operation. There is no network tariff (more, see below ). There are currently (2016) the following city bus routes, the times are valid for Monday to Friday during the day:
- 1: Gägelow - Seebad Wendorf - Markt - ZOB - Gartenstadt (irregular 15/15/30 minute intervals)
- 2: Gägelow - Ostseeblick - Seebad Wendorf - Friedhof (every hour)
- 3: Wismar Fischkaten - Kagenmarkt - ZOB - Markt - Dargetzow - Kritzow ( every half hour)
history
Until the end of 2015, city bus traffic was provided by the city's own waste disposal and transport company Wismar (EVB), from 2013 under the name Eigenbetrieb Nahverkehr Nordwestmecklenburg (ENN). Due to the low profitability of eight bus routes, the route network was restructured and simplified at the beginning of 2013; the former routes G and 242 were integrated into the other routes.
On working days (Monday to Friday) the following city bus routes run during the day:
- A: Proseken - Wendorf seaside resort - Burgwall - ZOB - train station - Lindengarten - Redentin (every half hour)
- B: Seebad Wendorf - Burgwall - ZOB - Am Markt - Sports Hall - Garden City (every half hour)
- C: Ostseeblick - Burgwall - Sporthalle - ZOB - Train station - Dargetzow - Kritzow (every hour)
- D: Ostseeblick - Wendorf seaside resort - Gartenstadt - Sporthalle - Klußer Damm - ZOB - Train station - Kagenmarkt - Dargetzow - Kritzow (every hour)
- E: Rothentor Nord - Lindenweg - Klußer Damm - train station - ZOB - Burgwall - Friedenshof (every hour)
- F: Weidendammplatz → Holzhafen → Hegede → Am Markt → Dahlberg → Sports hall → Weidendammplatz ( every half hour)
- SV1 , SV2 , SV3 : School bus routes in the area around Wendorf, Friedenshof and Kagenmarkt
The regional bus traffic was carried out by the bus transport company Bus-Betriebe Wismar GmbH (BBW) and to a lesser extent by Grevesmühlener Busbetriebe GmbH (GBB).
The regional bus lines were tariff integrated into the meanwhile dissolved Verkehrsgemeinschaft Westmecklenburg (VWM), this network tariff did not apply to the city bus routes.
Bicycle traffic
Wismar is connected to some regional and international bike trails, including a. to the Baltic Sea Cycle Route , which circles the Baltic Sea within the EuroVelo network.
Motorway and freight transport
Wismar is connected to the German motorway network via the A 20 motorway to Rostock and Lübeck as well as the A 14 to Schwerin, which cross at the Wismar motorway junction. The port is also connected to the European rail network. Around 60 percent of the goods handled in the port ( seaport hinterland traffic) are transported in or out by rail.
Infrastructure
General
- The city library of the Hanseatic city of Wismar is supported by a sponsoring association. She runs a children's library and has offers for school classes as well as projects to promote reading. Since 2010 there has been a cooperation with the state capital Schwerin , which enables readers to use the digital holdings of both city libraries . It is the first intermunicipal cooperation of this kind in Germany.
- The city archives of the Hanseatic city of Wismar can look back to the Middle Ages as a memory of the city administration . The series of publications in the archive is called Wismar Contributions .
- On December 1, 2012, one of the largest technical exhibitions in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania was opened with the 2500 m² phanTECHNIKUM in Wismar.
education
schools
- Five elementary schools
- Seeblick Primary School (Wendorf)
- Primary school at Friedenshof (Friedenshof)
- Rudolf Tarnow School (Kagenmarkt)
- Fritz Reuter School (old town)
- Robert Lansemann Protestant Primary School
- Regional schools
- Ostsee-Schule (Wendorf) with a class of productive learning
- Bertolt Brecht School (Friedenshof)
- Integrated comprehensive school (IGS) Johann Wolfgang von Goethe ( former Dominican monastery ) (old town)
- Two special schools
- Two private schools
- Association of the five existing vocational school centers with integrated technical schools for business and metal technology
- The music school
High schools
After the integration of the branch (formerly Helene-Weigel-Gymnasium ) of the Gerhart-Hauptmann-Gymnasium into the main building in Dahlmannstrasse, this will continue to exist alongside the Geschwister-Scholl-Gymnasium ( large city school ) . After a few years of declining student numbers in the entry-level classes, this step had become necessary. Through student and teacher transfers within the school weeks, a wider range of courses can be offered in the upper level .
University
One of the most important educational institutions in Wismar is the Hochschule Wismar - University of Applied Sciences: Technology, Business and Design . There were over 8,000 students from Germany and abroad in the 2013/14 winter semester.
Social facilities
- Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund (ASB) with the contact and information point
- Arbeiterwohlfahrt (AWO) with social services
- Caritas Mecklenburg
- Christian Youth Villages Germany
- Das Boot Wismar, Association for the Promotion of Mental Health and Integration
- German Red Cross (DRK), Wismar district association
- Diakonie with social services and assisted living
- Maltese relief service
- Ecumenical church shop as a meeting center
- Advice center of the Catholic Church
- People's solidarity city association Wismar
- White ring
- Wismar table
Sports
There are numerous sports clubs in Wismar. The best-known representative of Wismar in football is FC Anker Wismar , which currently plays in the fifth-class Oberliga Nordost . The team plays their home games in the Kurt-Bürger-Stadion . However, the sports club with the largest number of members is TSG Wismar, which is known for its women's handball team .
Since 2009 the Freibeuter Rugby Club has existed under the umbrella of the Wismar Police Sports Club , a team that is active in both classic and Olympic rugby . In the 2015/16 season she played in a syndicate with the Dierkower Elchen and a selection from the University of Greifswald in the third-rate Verbandsliga Nord .
Since the 1870s there was also a respected rowing club in Wismar. After a fatal accident in which four young rowers and a helmsman were killed in the waters of the Baltic Sea, the rowing club disbanded in 1961.
leisure
In 2000, the Wonnemar, an adventure and sports pool, was opened.
Press and TV
The Ostsee-Zeitung appears in Wismar with a regional edition . In addition, several free advertising papers appear. These include the market, the Ostsee Anzeiger (formerly Wismarer Anzeiger ), the Blitz, the Wismar-Zeitung and the Stadtanzeiger .
In Wismar there is wismar tv, a city broadcaster that produces not only advice programs , reports on events in the city, but also advertising broadcasts.
Personalities
literature
Older literature
- Dietrich Schröder (1670–1753): Brief description of the city and rule of Wismar - What concerns the secular history of the same, mostly from all kinds of written documents, to explain the Mecklenburg secular history, communicated to the lovers. 1858 ( online version in the Lexikus full-text library ).
- Franz Schildt: History of the city of Wismar up to the end of the 13th century. 1871.
- Friedrich Crull : The council lines of the city of Wismar. Halle 1875, reprint 2005, ISBN 3-487-12082-8 . (Original in digital library) ( e-copy, Google ).
- Wismar . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 16, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 695.
- Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Volume II: The district court districts of Wismar, Grevesmühlen, Rehna, Gadebusch and Schwerin. Schwerin 1898 (reprint: Schwerin 1992, ISBN 3-910179-06-1 , pp. 1-221).
- Gustav Willgeroth : Pictures from Wismar's past. Wismar 1903 (reprint: Schwerin 1997, ISBN 3-932370-41-4 ).
- Friedrich Techen : History of the Seestadt Wismar. Wismar 1929.
- Rudolf Kleiminger : The gray monastery in Wismar. A contribution to the development of the Franciscan architecture in Mecklenburg. Eberhardtsche Hof- und Ratsbuchdruckerei, Wismar 1934.
- Rudolf Kleiminger: The Black Monastery in Seestadt Wismar. A contribution to the cultural and architectural history of the North German Dominican monasteries in the Middle Ages. Neuer Filser-Verlag, Munich 1938.
Newer literature
- Rudolf Kleiminger: The Heiligengeist Hospital in Wismar in seven centuries. A contribution to the economic history of the city, its farms and villages (= treatises on trade and social history. Volume 4). Böhlau, Weimar 1962, DNB 452436974 .
- Günter Gloede (edit.): Churches in the coastal wind. Churches in and around Wismar. Volume II. Berlin 1978 (with photographs by Wolfhard Eschenburg).
- Gerd Baier, Thomas Helms: The architectural and art monuments in the Mecklenburg coastal region. With the cities of Rostock and Wismar. Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-362-00523-3 , pp. 124–225 (photographs by Thomas Helms).
- Rudolf Kleiminger: History of the Great City School in Wismar from 1541–1945. Kiel 1991, ISBN 3-88312-087-1 .
- Ingo Ulpts: The mendicant orders in Mecklenburg (= Saxonia Franciscana. Volume 6). Werl 1995, ISBN 3-87-163216-3 .
- Angela Pfotenhauer, Elmar Lixenfeld: Wismar and Stralsund - World Heritage (= Monument Edition, Monument Publication of the German Foundation for Monument Protection ). Bonn 2004, ISBN 3-936942-55-2 .
- Christine Decker: Wismar 1665. A city society in the mirror of the Turkish tax register. Münster / Hamburg / Berlin a. a. 2006, ISBN 3-8258-9192-5 .
- Carl Christian Wahrmann: Upswing and Decline. The development of the Wismar sea trade in the second half of the 17th century (= Small town history. Volume 4). Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-8258-0098-7 .
- Anke Wiebensohn: The integration of Wismar into the Duchy of Mecklenburg after 1803 (= series of publications of the David Mevius Society. Volume 9). Kovac, Hamburg 2015, ISBN 978-3-8300-8375-7 .
- Christian Roedig: Storms of applause, cheers and laurel wreaths. Wismar's theater life from the Empire to the Weimar Republic (= finding aids, inventories and small writings from the archive of the Hanseatic City of Wismar. Volume 4). Callidus, Wismar 2016, ISBN 978-3-940677-76-1 .
media
Movies and television
- Nosferatu - A Symphony of Horror - early vampire film from 1922, shot by FW Murnau in Wismar, Rostock and Lübeck
- The new craze - DEFA -Kinderfilm by Walter Beck from 1960
- SOKO Wismar - TV series on ZDF since 2004. The shooting takes place to a large extent in Wismar and the surrounding area
- My father's secret - Germany's first crime novella, broadcast in 2006 in Das Erste
- several episodes of the series Polizeiruf 110
- The temptation - TV film with Thekla Carola Wied , ARD 2004
Web links
- Literature by and about Wismar in the catalog of the German National Library
- Literature about Wismar in the state bibliography MV
- Internet presence of the Hanseatic city of Wismar
- Website of the Hanseatic cities of Stralsund and Wismar as UNESCO World Heritage
- Website with historical pictures of Wismar
- City plan of Wismar from 1770
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ^ District areas of the Hanseatic City of Wismar. In: wismar.de, accessed on March 7, 2018.
- ^ Paul Kühnel: The Slavic place names in Meklenburg. In: Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. Vol. 46, 1881, ISSN 0259-7772 , p. 159.
- ^ Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch (MUB) , No. 88.
- ↑ Friedrich Techen: Pfingsblätter the Hanseatic Historical Society. Blatt VI, 1910, pp. 1–2.
- ↑ Friedrich Schlie: The art and historical monuments of the Grand Duchy of Schwerin. Section: The city of Wismar. Schwerin 1898.
- ^ Friedrich Schildt: History of the city of Wismar from its foundation to the end of the 13th century. Wismar 1872, pp. 1-2.
- ↑ Evidenced by excavations and finds.
- ↑ According to the rhyming chronicle of Ernst von Kirchberg after Rostock was founded and before Borwin's death, i.e. between 1218 and January 1227.
- ^ Karl Pagel: The Hanseatic League. Georg Westermann, Braunschweig 1952, DNB 453691706 , p. 114.
- ↑ Wismar was hit by renewed waves of plague in 1376 and 1387.
- ↑ a b c cf. 3. Mecklenburg Land estates including knightly manors and rural towns. Inventory history. In: archivdatenbank.landeshauptarchiv-schwerin.de. State Main Archive Schwerin , accessed on July 30, 2019 (online search books; click on section 3).
- ^ Historical view of the fortress as a digital copy in: digital.ub.uni-duesseldorf.de .
- ↑ Today on both sides of Schweriner Straße with access via Wiesenweg.
- ↑ See Mecklenburg. In: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon . 20 vols. Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig and Vienna, 1902–1908, Volume 13: Lyrik – Mitterwurzer (1906), pp. 499–508, here: p. 503.
- ↑ Memorial Book. Search in the name directory. Search for: Wismar - Residence. In: bundesarchiv.de, accessed on July 25, 2017.
- ↑ Sylvia Necker: Konstanty Gutschow 1902–1978. Modern thinking and community utopia of an architect. Munich / Hamburg 2012, p. 194.
- ↑ The Wismar city churches. On the special situation of property allocation, administration and use of the city churches in Wismar. Documentation of the Hanseatic City of Wismar 2009.
- ^ Meyers Konversations-Lexikon. 6th edition. Volume 20, Leipzig / Vienna 1909, p. 692 f.
- ↑ Population development of the districts and municipalities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Statistical Report AI of the Statistical Office Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
- ↑ a b Citizenship of the Hanseatic City of Wismar. In: wismar.de, accessed on September 21, 2010.
- ^ History of the faction . In: Homepage Gerd Zielenkiewitz , June 13, 2010. Archived from the original on June 21, 2015.
- ↑ a b c Hans-Heinz Schütt: On shield and flag - the coats of arms and flags of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and its municipalities . Ed .: production office TINUS; Schwerin. 2011, ISBN 978-3-9814380-0-0 , pp. 108-110 .
- ^ Heinz Machatscheck: Lexicon cities and coats of arms of the German Democratic Republic . Ed .: Heinz Göschel. 1st edition. VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie, Leipzig 1979, p. 480/481 .
- ↑ Main statute, section 1, paragraph 6 (PDF)
- ↑ Heiko Hoffmann: Wismar and Pogradec now partners. In: Ostsee-Zeitung . April 26, 2019, accessed May 1, 2019 .
-
↑ collection of domestic biographies older secular buildings of the University of Wismar. (No longer available online.) In: bau.hs-wismar.de. Archived from the original on January 16, 2017 ; accessed on March 25, 2018 (navigation options no longer available). ;
Frank Braun: The digital information system "House biographies of Wismar houses of the 17th and 18th centuries". In: fiw.hs-wismar.de. October 24, 2005, accessed on March 25, 2018 (PDF; 28 kB). - ↑ About us. In: tikozigalpa.org, accessed March 25, 2018.
- ↑ www.festspiele-mv.de accessed on December 17, 2009.
- ↑ Kindergarten. In: kitawismar.de, accessed on September 17, 2017.
- ↑ www.musikinderkirchewismar.de , accessed on May 18, 2014.
- ↑ campusopenair-wismar. Retrieved June 21, 2015 .
- ↑ International Folklore Festival Hanseatic City of Wismar , CIOFF , accessed on July 21, 2015.
- ↑ Shipbuilding: Asians buy Nordic Yards in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | Nordkurier.de . ( nordkurier.de [accessed on December 5, 2016]).
- ↑ history. In: ilimtimber.com , Ilim Timber, accessed August 30, 2017.
- ↑ Ralf Witthohn: New opportunities on old roads. In: Deutsche Seeschifffahrt , Issue 12/2010, ISSN 0948-9002 , pp. 42–45.
- ↑ See Seehafen Wismar GmbH, Business Development. In: hafen-wismar.de. Retrieved May 3, 2009 .
- ↑ Balance of the German seaports 2011. In: Hansa , Heft 4/2012, ISSN 0017-7504 , p. 79 f.
- ↑ Four new cranes for Wismar. In: Daily port report , April 15, 2015, p. 4.
- ^ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: envelope in the northeast is increasing. In: Daily port report , January 20, 2014, p. 3.
- ^ Peter Kleinort: Northeast ports with a mixed balance . In: Daily port report , May 16, 2014, p. 2.
- ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Port of Wismar strengthens its versatility. In: Daily port report , January 4, 2016, p. 3.
- ↑ Cautious year for Wismar · Seaport with turnover minus ten percent. In: Daily port report , January 6, 2017, p. 3.
- ↑ Eckhard-Herbert Arndt: Port of Wismar with volume increase in 2015 . In: Daily port report , December 30, 2015, p. 16
- ↑ Cautious year for Wismar. In: Daily port report , January 6, 2017, p. 3.
- ↑ Cruise ships calling at Wismar in 2017. In: ostsee.de , accessed on February 16, 2017.
- ↑ Wismar continues to expand its position. In: Daily port report, November 14, 2014, special supplement Baltic Sea / Ostseehäfen, p. 6.
- ^ Thomas Schwandt: Wismar; Symbiosis of economy and tourism. In: Daily port report, November 16, 2018, special supplement Baltic Sea / Deutsche Ostseehäfen, pp. 4/5.
- ^ Meyer's travel books: Baltic seaside resorts. 4th edition. Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1910, p. 242.
- ↑ Tourismusverband Mecklenburg-Vorpommern e. V .: Baltic Sea Cycle Route . In: Tourismusverband Mecklenburg-Vorpommern e. V. ( auf-nach-mv.de [accessed on May 14, 2017]).
- ↑ translator2: EuroVelo 10 - EuroVelo. Retrieved May 14, 2017 .
- ↑ Students at universities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 2013/14. (PDF; 309 kB) Statistical Office Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, September 23, 2014, accessed on November 7, 2014 .
- ↑ Historical film evening. Filmbüro MV, September 18, 2012, accessed on July 30, 2019 .
Alt Meteln | Bad little ones | Barnekov | Benz | Bernstorf | Bibow | Blowatz | Bobitz | Boiensdorf | Boltenhagen | Brüsewitz | Carlow | Cramonshagen | Dalberg-Wendelstorf | Damshagen | Dassow | Dechow | Mecklenburg village | Dragun | Gadebusch | Gägelow | Glasin | God's gift | Grambov | Grevesmühlen | Greaves | Large Molzahn | Big Stieten | Hohenkirchen | Tall beasts | Holdorf | Hornstorf | Poel Island | Jesendorf | Kalkhorst | Klein Trebbow | Klütz | Kneese | Koenigsfeld | Krembz | Krusenhagen | Lübberstorf | Luebow | Lübstorf | Lüdersdorf | Lützow | Menzendorf | Metelsdorf | Mills Eichsen | Neuburg | Neukloster | Passee | Perlin | Pingelshagen | Pokrent | Rehna | Rieps | Roduchelstorf | Roggendorf | Rye peat | Rögnitz | Rüting | Schildenal | Schlagsdorf | Schoenberg | Seehof | Selmsdorf | Siemz-Niendorf | Stepenitztal | Testorf-Steinfort | Thandorf | Upahl | Utecht | Veelböken | Ventschow | Warin | Warnow | Wedendorfersee | Wismar | Zickhusen | Zierow | Zurow | Züsow
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Independent cities
State capital Schwerin |
Greifswald |
Rostock |
Stralsund |
Wismar |
Neubrandenburg
Districts of
Ostvorpommern |
Rügen |
North Western Pomerania |
Bad Doberan |
Guestrow |
Northwest Mecklenburg |
Ludwigslust |
Parchim |
Müritz |
Demmin |
Mecklenburg-Strelitz |
Uecker-Randow