Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania [ˈmeːklənbʊɐ̯k ˈfoːɐ̯pʰɔmɐn] ( Low German Mäkelborg-Vbodommern ['mɛːkl̩bɔɾx fœæ̯'pɔmmæn] , abbreviation MV ) is a country in northeast Germany in the center of the southern Baltic region . It borders in the north on the Baltic Sea, in the west on Schleswig-Holstein and Lower Saxony , in the south on Brandenburg and in the east on the West Pomeranian Voivodeship of the Republic of Poland . Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is the most sparsely populated German state.
The history of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania as a political unit begins in 1945 with the unification of the state of Mecklenburg (the historic parts of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz ) with the part of Western Pomerania that remained with Germany (excluding Stettin ). The regions of the country had previously gone through a largely independent history for centuries. In the course of an administrative reform in the GDR , the country was dissolved in 1952 and divided into three districts ( Rostock , Schwerin , Neubrandenburg ). The state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania was re-established in 1990 with a new regional structure and with reunification became a state of the Federal Republic of Germany.
The country with 1.6 million inhabitants (2020) is divided into six districts and two independent cities . Its state capital is Schwerin . The largest city among the country's 84 cities is the Rostock Regiopole . Other centers are Schwerin, Neubrandenburg , Stralsund , Greifswald , Wismar , Güstrow , Waren (Müritz) , Pasewalk and Neustrelitz . The metropolitan regions of Hamburg and Berlin have an impact on the state, as does Stettin with its cross-border metropolitan area . Apart from the larger cities, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania has a rural character, especially through historically grown rural towns and manor villages and their surrounding cultural landscapes .
The economy of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern could after the upheaval in the 1990s to restructure, the number of jobs has approached the national average and the economic power grows. The structure is characterized by many small and medium-sized companies and some large companies. The main processing industries are the maritime industry , mechanical engineering , automotive suppliers , energy technology and the consumer and food industries . The growth sectors are above all areas of high technology , in particular biotechnology , medical technology , aerospace and information technology . The tourism in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , services, agriculture and the health sector contribute also significantly to the economic performance in. The two universities in the state, Greifswald and Rostock , are among the oldest universities in the world. These and other science and university locations such as Neubrandenburg, Wismar and Stralsund are attractions for founders and start-up companies as well as established technology companies. The technical and vocational schools are also important as training locations . In terms of infrastructure , the Rostock-Laage and Heringsdorf airports (island of Usedom), the A19 , A20 and A24 motorways , the federal highways , railways including train stations , waterways and the seaports of Rostock , Wismar and Sassnitz are of supraregional importance.
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania includes three of the 16 German national parks and thus more than any other federal state; There are also eight nature parks and hundreds of landscape and nature reserves . A large number of architectural monuments have been preserved in the cultural landscape , including old towns , castles and farmhouses. Large parts of the landscape are increasingly being used to generate energy using wind turbines . The two largest German islands, Rügen and Usedom, are located on the Pomeranian Baltic coast. Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is largely flat as part of the north German lowlands ; Due to the last Ice Age , however, there are chains of hills in many parts of the country, such as Mecklenburg Switzerland , steep coasts, and lake landscapes such as the Mecklenburg Lake District . In the water-rich country there is about 2000 km of coastline including the outer coast and various bays and lagoons as well as a nationwide network of rivers and canals . There are also over 2000 lakes , the largest of which is the Müritz , which is also the largest lake in Germany . The climate is cool and temperate and the coastal area is characterized by the maritime influence of the Baltic Sea.
Surname
Country name
Pronunciation and Usage
The word Mecklenburg is commonly pronounced [ meːklənbʊɐç ] or Meeklenburch . The “e” is spoken long (this is to be understood as the correct pronunciation of the “E” throughout Germany; see: CK in the north ) and the “g” like a palatal “ch”. The change in the final “G” is a remnant of Low German phonology.
In the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania varieties of Low German , the name form Mękelborg is used .
The colloquial abbreviation for the name of the country is MV and Meck-Pomm , whereby the second variant contains a pronunciation of the part of the name "Meck" that is perceived as incorrect by locals.
The inhabitants of the land depending on the part of the country as Mecklenburg or Pomerania or Vorpommern referred; the designation as Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is unusual, as the two parts of the country each have their own history and identity.
History of origin
The name Mecklenburg ("Mikelenburg") appears for the first time in a document that Emperor Otto III. has drawn on the "Mikelburg". The certificate dates from the year 995. In Old Low German, mikil meant “large” and the one in 10./11. The name Mikilinborg ("large castle"), which was created in the 19th century, refers to Mecklenburg Castle near Wismar . In the Middle Ages it became Middle Low German Mekelenborch , later German Meklenburg and Mecklenburg.
The name Pomerania is of Slavic origin. The name Vorpommern emerged relatively late (16th / 17th century) as a name for the areas of the Duchy of Pomerania to the west of the Oder . The name Pomerania, in turn, is derived from a Slavic combination of words with the meaning "by the sea" (see Pomerania). This politico-geographical term is roughly as old as that of Mecklenburg. The first Pomeranian prince, Zemuzil, is mentioned as early as 1046 . In the further course of the Middle Ages, the term Pomerania became the main term for the dominion of the Griffin dynasty .
The name "Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania" arose for the first time through the unification of the former state of Mecklenburg with the areas west of the Oder-Neisse line (including Stettin and Swinoujscie ) of the former Prussian province of Pomerania on the basis of an order from the Soviet military administration July 1945. At the beginning different names were circulating for the new administrative structure, u. a. “Mecklenburg-Pomerania” and even early on, ignoring the Pomeranian parts of the country, simply “Mecklenburg”. The latter designation became mandatory on February 25, 1947 on the instructions of the Soviet occupying forces.
It was not until the reconstitution as a state with a different regional layout - the basis were the three GDR northern districts of Rostock, Schwerin and Neubrandenburg - in autumn 1990 the state was again given the name "Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania".
history
For the history of the historical territories up to 1945, see: History of Mecklenburg and History of Pomerania .
After the end of the Second World War, the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania was formed on July 9, 1945 by the Soviet military administration from the former state of Mecklenburg , the predominant part of Western Pomerania that remained with Germany and the former Hanoverian office of Neuhaus . As early as 1947, the part of Western Pomerania was removed from the state name and the territory now existed as the state of Mecklenburg until 1952.
As early as 1952, as part of the administrative reform in the GDR, the country was dissolved and essentially divided into the three districts of Neubrandenburg (the south-east), Rostock (the coast) and Schwerin (the south-west).
With German reunification in 1990, the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania was re-established from the districts of Neubrandenburg , Rostock and Schwerin without the districts of Perleberg , Prenzlau and Templin and thus roughly corresponded to the territorial extent that Mecklenburg had had when it was dissolved in 1952. Schleswig-Holstein and the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg were partner countries of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania when the new administrative structures were set up.
Since the political change , large parts of numerous cities throughout the country have been redeveloped as part of urban development funding. The historic old towns of Stralsund and Wismar were added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 2002. Since the fall of the Wall, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania has not only been confronted with a profound structural change, but also with a considerable demographic change. As early as 1994, the state government responded with a comprehensive regional reform, which was followed by a second in 2011 .
In 2007, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania hosted the globally significant G8 summit of the industrialized countries , which took place in Heiligendamm near Rostock. Since 1990, the constituency of Chancellor Angela Merkel, who has been in power since 2005, has been in the northeast of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, her constituency office is in Stralsund. The former Rostock pastor Joachim Gauck was German Federal President from 2012 to 2017 and, like the Chancellor, regularly held events in the country.
geography
Territory
Geographically, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is part of northern Germany . The state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania comprises the area of Mecklenburg , which makes up around two thirds of the land area, as well as the parts of the former Prussian province of Pomerania that remained in Germany after 1945 ( Western Pomerania , excluding the Gartz (Oder) district ), small parts of the Prignitz and the northernmost tip the Uckermark (formerly Brandenburg ). The Fürstenberger Werder still belonged to the state territory until 1950 .
landscape
Coast and bodies of water
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania has a total coastline of about 2000 km and thus the longest coast of all German federal states. The majority of this is taken up by bays and the Western Pomerania lagoon and lagoon coast, because the coast in the eastern part of the country is particularly well structured by lagoons and straits. The outer coast is about 350 km long.
The two largest islands of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Rügen and Usedom , are also Germany's largest islands . Other larger islands are Poel (third largest in the country and seventh largest in Germany), Ummanz and Hiddensee . The most important peninsula is Fischland-Darß-Zingst . The famous inland islands of the country include the old town island of Malchow in Malchower See , the Mirow castle island and the Neubrandenburg torpedo rubble island in Tollensesee .
Land MV is crossed by rivers and canals with a total length of more than 26,000 km. With more than 2028 lakes with a total area of 738 km², Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania has a unique lake and water landscape. The Müritz is the largest lake in Germany that lies entirely on German territory and is part of the extensive Mecklenburg Lake District (also known as the Lake District ). Other large lakes are the Plauer See , the Schweriner See and the Schaalsee in West Mecklenburg, as well as the Malchiner See , Kummerower See and Tollensesee in the eastern part of the country. Other lake-rich areas are the Feldberger and Sternberger Seenlandschaft . In the course of the flood crises in 2011 and 2013 , a new disaster control early warning system was set up in order to be able to react better in crisis situations. The coastal protection plays an important role in the whole Baltic Sea region.
country
The landscape of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in the north German lowlands is shaped by the Vistula Ice Age ( Pleistocene ). The landforms south of the coastline are divided roughly from northeast to southwest:
- The northeastern lowlands include the Western Pomerania mainland. It has predominantly loamy soils and is less than 50 m above sea level. Most waters are even less than 10 m above sea level.
- The Baltic ridge with the Mecklenburg Lake District extends as a young moraine landscape from northwest Mecklenburg to the southeast of Mecklenburg. Large parts are significantly more than 50 m, numerous hilltops more than 100 m above sea level. NHN . The mirror of the Müritz is 62.1 m, that of the Carwitzer See near Feldberg near the border with Brandenburg even 83.8 m above sea level.
- The southwestern foreland of the lake district , i.e. the area southwest of the state capital Schwerin, is drained towards the Elbe valley , of which Mecklenburg has only held a small share since the Neuhaus ceded office .
The land is flat to hilly. Some of the highest peaks belong to the Baltic ridge, such as the Helpter Mountains (179 m), the Ruhner Mountains (176.6 m) and the Brohmer Mountains (153.1 m). Others are close to the coast such as the Piekberg on Rügen (161 m), the cooling (129.7 m) northwest of Rostock and the Golm (69.1 m) on Usedom . The rivers Warnow , Recknitz and Tollense show pronounced valley landscapes , as well as shorter sections of Peene , Trebel and Großem Landgraben .
With the Jasmund National Park , the Western Pomerania Lagoon Area National Park and the Müritz National Park , a total of three of the 16 German national parks are located in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, which therefore has more of these special protected areas than any other German state.
climate
The climate in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is shaped by the transition from maritime influence in the coastal area of the Baltic Sea to a continental temperate climate in the interior. The tendency towards precipitation decreases inland. The Baltic Sea region, especially around the islands of Usedom, Rügen and Hiddensee, has the highest number of sunny days in Germany.
Administrative division
Counties and urban districts
Since the district reform in 2011 , the state has been divided into six districts and two independent cities. Since then, five of the districts have been among the largest in Germany .
| District or urban district | Part of the country | Circular seat | Resident December 31, 2019 |
Area km² |
Inhabitants per km² |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rostock | Mecklenburg | - | 209.191 | 181.26 | 1153 |
| Schwerin | Mecklenburg | - | 95,653 | 130.52 | 733 |
| Ludwigslust-Parchim district | Mecklenburg | Parchim | 211,779 | 4,751.86 | 45 |
| District of Mecklenburg Lake District |
Mecklenburg (partly Western Pomerania ) |
Neubrandenburg | 258.074 | 5,470.03 | 47 |
| Northwest Mecklenburg District | Mecklenburg | Wismar | 157.322 | 2,118.45 | 74 |
| Rostock district | Mecklenburg | Guestrow | 215.794 | 3,422.23 | 63 |
| District of Vorpommern-Greifswald |
Western Pomerania (partly Mecklenburg ) |
Greifswald | 235.623 | 3,929.48 | 60 |
| District of Western Pomerania-Rügen |
Western Pomerania (partly Mecklenburg ) |
Stralsund | 224,702 | 3,207.22 | 70 |
Cities, offices and municipalities
The state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania consists of a total of 726 politically independent cities and communities. These are distributed as follows: two independent cities and 724 cities and municipalities belonging to the district. 38 of the cities and municipalities belonging to the district are exempt from office. The 686 official cities and municipalities are united to carry out their administrative business into 76 offices (as of June 30, 2016). In addition to the four regional centers Rostock, Schwerin, Stralsund-Greifswald and Neubrandenburg, 18 cities in the state fulfill the function of medium-sized centers for their region, see list . Furthermore, basic centers are defined in rural areas and in the urban area.
Biggest cities
The 25 largest cities in the country are:
| city | district | Residents on December 31, 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Rostock | independent city | 209.191 |
| Schwerin | independent city | 95,653 |
| Neubrandenburg | Mecklenburg Lake District | 63,761 |
| Stralsund | Western Pomerania-Ruegen | 59,418 |
| Greifswald | Vorpommern-Greifswald | 59,232 |
| Wismar | Northwest Mecklenburg | 42,963 |
| Guestrow | Rostock (district) | 29,083 |
| Goods (Müritz) | Mecklenburg Lake District | 21,057 |
| Neustrelitz | Mecklenburg Lake District | 20,128 |
| Parchim | Ludwigslust-Parchim | 17,773 |
| Ribnitz-Damgarten | Western Pomerania-Ruegen | 15,235 |
| Mountains on Rügen | Western Pomerania-Ruegen | 13,478 |
| Anklam | Vorpommern-Greifswald | 12,331 |
| Wolgast | Vorpommern-Greifswald | 11,879 |
| Ludwigslust | Ludwigslust-Parchim | 11,950 |
| Bad Doberan | Rostock (district) | 12,642 |
| Hagenow | Ludwigslust-Parchim | 12,175 |
| Demmin | Mecklenburg Lake District | 10,564 |
| Pasewalk | Vorpommern-Greifswald | 10,047 |
| Grevesmühlen | Northwest Mecklenburg | 10,434 |
| Boizenburg / Elbe | Ludwigslust-Parchim | 10,730 |
| Grim | Western Pomerania-Ruegen | 9489 |
| Sassnitz | Western Pomerania-Ruegen | 9186 |
| Ueckermünde | Vorpommern-Greifswald | 8442 |
| Teterow | Rostock (district) | 8341 |
politics
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania's policy is based on the constitution of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania of May 23, 1993, which came into force on November 15, 1994.
Prime Minister
In the post-war and the GDR era
The prime ministers of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (1945–1947) and Mecklenburg (1947–1952) were Wilhelm Höcker (1945–1951, SPD / SED ), Kurt Bürger (19–28 July 1951, SED ) and Bernhard Quandt (1951-1952, SED ).
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania did not exist from 1952 until German reunification in 1990. The territory formed the main part of the three GDR districts Rostock , Schwerin and Neubrandenburg .
Since the restoration of the country in the Federal Republic in 1990
From 1990 to 1992 Alfred Gomolka ( CDU ) was the first Prime Minister of the restored country after German reunification . He was replaced by the CDU politician Berndt Seite (1992-1998), who ruled from 1992 to 1994 in a coalition of the CDU with the FDP and from 1994 in a grand coalition of the CDU and the SPD. Harald Ringstorff (SPD) had the longest term of office to date from 1998 to 2008 under a coalition of the SPD and the PDS . From October 2008 to July 2017 Erwin Sellering (SPD) was Prime Minister in a red-black coalition . After the state elections in 2011 , Sellering began his second term of office on October 25, 2011, and finally his third term of office after the 2016 state election on November 1, 2016. On May 30, 2017, he announced his resignation from all offices due to cancer.
State government
The affairs of government in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania are divided between the Prime Minister and eight ministers. The cabinet of the state government (Schwesig) has been part of the following July 4th 2017:
| Office | Surname | Political party |
|---|---|---|
| Prime Minister | Manuela Schwesig | SPD |
| Deputy Prime Minister | Lorenz Caffier | CDU |
| Home and Europe | Lorenz Caffier | CDU |
| Judiciary | Katy Hoffmeister | CDU |
| Finances | Reinhard Meyer | SPD |
| Economy, work, health and tourism | Harry Glawe | CDU |
| Agriculture, Environment and Consumer Protection | Till Backhaus | SPD |
| Education, science and culture | Bettina Martin | SPD |
| Energy, construction, infrastructure and state development | Christian level | SPD |
| Social and equality | Stefanie Drese | SPD |
In contrast to what is now common in many other German countries, the state government does not have a European Minister. This office will be taken over by the Prime Minister. The country also represents this in the Conference of European Ministers . The State Chancellery is responsible for coordinating European policy. In Brussels , an information office for the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania has been set up at the European Union , which reports to the State Chancellery.
Parliament
The state parliament of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is the state parliament of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. It was constituted on October 26, 1990, twelve days after the first state election and 23 days after the reunification of Germany . He is based in Schwerin Castle . As the central legislative body of the state, the state parliament is responsible for the election of the prime minister , the adoption or amendment of state laws , as well as for the control of the state government and the state administration. The electoral term has been five years since 2006.
The last state election in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania took place on September 4, 2016. Since then, the state parliament (in terms of size) has been made up of the parliamentary groups of the SPD , AfD , CDU and the Left . Before that, since 1990, the FDP and the NPD as well as Alliance 90 / The Greens had been represented in the state parliament twice .
Local politics
See: Local electoral law (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) , local politics in Germany
District meetings
See: District Council (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
Federal politics
See: Representation of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania at the federal level
International relations and European politics
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania maintains its own close relationships with several countries; there are bilateral partner regions in Poland ( Euroregion Pomerania - West Pomeranian / Stettin Voivodeship since 2000 and Pomerania / Gdansk since 2001), the USA ( Mecklenburg County in North Carolina since 1994), Finland ( Turku Region since 2000), Russia (Leningrad Region ( Leningrad Oblast ) since 2002), and France ( Poitou-Charentes since 2003). Since 2013 a partnership has been established with the three northern provinces of the Netherlands, Groningen , Friesland and Drente . Intensive relationships are also established with Austria and Switzerland in the 2010s . In the state there are also numerous conferences and trade fairs with participation from all over the world, especially in maritime, tourist, cultural, agricultural, medical and other technological fields, which is supported by the state government. Several cities in the state are involved in the transnational city union Neue Hanse .
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in the election period 2014-2019 by five MEPs (MEPs) in the European Parliament represent: Werner Kuhn (CDU), Iris Hoffmann (SPD), Reinhard Bütikofer (Alliance 90 / The Greens), Helmut Scholz (The Left) and Arne Gericke (Family Party of Germany). The country maintains an information office in Brussels and an online European portal.
Direct democracy
See: Direct Democracy in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
dishes
See: List of Courts in the State of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Court Structure Act and Court Structure Reform
Coat of arms and flags
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| Large coat of arms | Small state coat of arms | Country flag | State service flag (for official use) |
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| State flag of Mecklenburg (for non-state use) |
Bull's head from the coat of arms of Mecklenburg |
State flag of Western Pomerania (for non-state use) |
Griffin for Western Pomerania |
economy
In the industrial sector, the maritime industry , mechanical engineering , the energy industry and the food industry have a large share. The agriculture is very present in the area. In addition, tourism , the health sector , the real estate industry , service providers and high technology play an increasingly important role for the economy in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
Industries of the future
The future industries of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania are knowledge-based fields of cutting-edge technology , especially biotechnology , life sciences and medical technology , energy and environmental technology , aerospace technology and information technology (IT for short). Companies from these areas are increasingly settling around the cities of Rostock and Greifswald with their high-performance universities, as well as around the university locations Stralsund, Wismar, Schwerin and Neubrandenburg and their technology centers . The centers, as well as several initiatives promoting especially innovative start-ups ( start-ups ), for example. B. the Entrepreneurs Club Rostock , founding shipyard Greifswald , Wismars Entrepreneurs , founder MV , IT-Lagune Vorpommern , IT-Initiative MV , Kreative MV and BioCon Valley .
Numerous research institutes have already settled around the two traditional universities of the state, the University of Rostock (founded in 1419) and the University of Greifswald (founded in 1456) ( see research ). The country's science locations make a significant contribution to cultural and economic development and to strengthening the global profile .
Industrial sector
Maritime economy
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The maritime industry in MV with the areas of shipbuilding and boat building as well as maritime suppliers and service providers including marine and offshore technology is an essential industrial core and therefore of extraordinary economic and employment policy importance for the country. In the almost 300 companies, around 11,500 employees generate sales of approx. 1.5 billion euros.
Larger companies in the maritime industry are, for example, the globally operating Deutsche Seereederei , Scandlines , Mecklenburg Metallguss (MMG), the White Fleet and Liebherr (maritime cranes and systems). The cruise company AIDA Cruises has its German headquarters in the Rostock city harbor and employs over 8,000 people, making it the largest company in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
There are several shipyards along the Baltic Sea coast, the largest are in Rostock-Warnemünde , Wismar , Stralsund ( MV Werften / Genting ) and in Wolgast ( Peene-Werft / Lürssen ).
There are also medium-sized shipbuilders such as HanseYachts AG in Greifswald (one of the three largest yacht builders in the world), Vilm Yachts in Lauterbach , Yachtbau Oelke in Marlow , the Rammin shipyard and the Barth shipyard GmbH in Barth , Schubert Bootsbau in Plate , MoLe Bootsbau in Plau , Wieker Boote GmbH in Wiek and REAN GmbH in Sassnitz .
The “Future Conference of the Maritime Industry” takes place in Rostock every two years.
Aerospace
Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania have an important history in the aerospace industry . Since the German reunification in 1990, the branch in the country has been able to develop again. Since then, aerospace companies have settled in the greater Rostock area and at Rostock-Laage airport . a. more Airbus - suppliers with around a thousand employees as the RST Rostock System-Technik GmbH . Also Edag that luratec AG , Assystem , Ferchau Engineering and Diehl Aerospace are in Rostock. The Warnemünder Aerospace Center was opened in November 2007 . There is also the competence center for aircraft development and aircraft construction in Pasewalk in the greater Stettin area , in the vicinity of which the light aircraft designer REMOS AG has settled. The German Aerospace Center (DLR) maintains facilities of the German Remote Sensing Data Center and the Institute for Communication and Navigation in Neustrelitz . The Neustrelitz researchers are significantly involved in the development of the European satellite navigation Galileo . The magazine Raumfahrt Concret , which is distributed in German-speaking countries, is published from Neubrandenburg and organizes the “Space Days” there and at other locations in the state with several partners every year, to which renowned scientists and astronauts from all over the world come to Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania .
During the GDR era, practically all companies in the industry were expropriated and z. B. converted to agricultural production or completely liquidated . However, in the pre-war period, numerous inventions and companies were born in the region. The important astronomer Tycho Brahe studied at the University of Rostock in the 16th century. The Anklamer Otto Lilienthal was the most important German aviation pioneer and launched the first series aircraft in the world in 1894 with the normal glider . The Fokker Aeroplanbau GmbH , which moved from Berlin to Schwerin in 1913 , was based directly on Lake Schwerin in Bornhövedstraße, the aircraft construction company became a. a. world famous for its three-decker with the “ Red Baron ”.
In Rostock- Warnemünde , Ernst Heinkel Flugzeugwerke was founded in 1922, one of the largest aircraft manufacturers of the first half of the 20th century. The Heinkel He 178 was the world's first jet aircraft and had its maiden flight on August 27, 1939 in Rostock-Marienehe . From 1921 there was also the Arado aircraft factory in Warnemünde . Also first in Warnemünde and from 1934 in Ribnitz was Walther Bachmann aircraft resident. For the rearmament policy from 1933, most of the companies were expropriated or had to switch to military production. From 1933 to 1945, the North German Dornier works in Wismar with a later branch in Neustadt-Glewe were completely set to war production.
Also committed to military rearmament, the Peenemünde Army Research Center was established in the west of the island of Usedom in 1936 , and the Air Force's West Plant was added in 1938 . The first functional large rocket, Aggregat 4 (A4, propaganda name "V2") was developed and tested in the facilities under the direction of Wernher von Braun and Walter Dornberger . With its first successful flight on October 3, 1942, the rocket was the first man-made object to penetrate the border area with outer space . Thus applies Peenemunde , despite the inhuman conditions of missile production with thousands of deaths in Mittelbau-Dora , as a cradle of space travel . The world's first system for industrial television was also set up there to broadcast rocket launches. At the same time, large rockets were tested on the Zingst peninsula . Many of the V2 engineers from Peenemünde became high-ranking developers at the US space agency NASA after the Second World War . In addition to technology director Wernher von Braun u. a. Arthur Rudolph on the Apollo program for the first moon landings . Other stakeholders such as Helmut Gröttrup changed during the space race to the Soviet space program .
Energy sector
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is among the front runners in Germany in the field of renewable energies , both in terms of electricity production and the manufacture of wind turbines and photovoltaic systems . In an average wind year, around 46% of the power demand in the state can be covered by wind energy . In mid-2016 there were 1,819 wind turbines with an installed capacity of 3008 megawatts in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. There are some offshore wind farms (EnBW Baltic 1 and Baltic 2 ) off the coast of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , others are under construction or in planning. In Rostock, Nordex SE is a manufacturer of wind turbines. Decentralized biogas systems and photovoltaic systems also play a major role in environmentally friendly energy generation. There are solar module factories in Greifswald and Wismar . The first pilot project of a geothermal power plant in what was then the GDR is the Neubrandenburg geothermal heating center , which has been in use since the late 1980s and which was supplemented in 2004 for long-term deep storage.
The Nord Stream pipeline from Vyborg , Russia , built by a Russian-German-Dutch consortium, lands near Greifswald to supply Germany and Western Europe with Russian natural gas . Larger power plants in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania are the Rostock and Schwerin-Süd power plants . The former largest power generator in the country was the Lubmin nuclear power plant , which is now closed. Two projects for power plants also planned in Lubmin, a coal-fired power plant and a combined cycle power plant , were discontinued.
Electricity energy mix in MV
Distribution of wind turbines in MV
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tourism
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is the most popular domestic German travel destination. Since 2012, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania has had the greatest growth in international overnight guests in Germany.
The islands of Usedom , Rügen and Hiddensee in the Western Pomerania region are the focus of tourism in Germany , as are the Fischland-Darß-Zingst peninsula and the Mecklenburg seaside resorts such as B. Heiligendamm , Graal-Müritz or Kühlungsborn with their bathing architecture . In addition, the historic Hanseatic cities of Stralsund, Greifswald , Rostock (with Warnemünde ) and Wismar with their important old towns as well as the Mecklenburg residence cities of Güstrow , Ludwigslust and Schwerin with their castles, and capital of the lake region such as Neustrelitz , Neubrandenburg , Malchow , Mirow , Röbel and Waren ( Müritz) are important points of attraction. The historic old towns of Stralsund and Wismar have been UNESCO World Heritage Sites since 2002 . There are also numerous other historical town centers that are well worth seeing with brick Gothic churches, town houses, fortifications and town gates as well as other architectural monuments . Several scenic routes run through the country .
For nature lovers, anglers and water sports enthusiasts, the Mecklenburg Lake District and the local Müritz National Park are important inland . Along the coast, the Jasmund National Park with the famous chalk coast in front of Rügen and the Western Pomerania Lagoon Area National Park with its lagoons beckon. There are also countless different landscape and nature reserves .
In Mecklenburg Vorpommern and there are more than two thousand manors and castles (z. B. Schloss Kalkhorst , Granitz hunting lodge , Schloss Basedow , Bothmer Castle , Burg Stargard ), the u. a. be used for cultural events or as hotels. In addition, there are many other sights in rural areas, such as historic village centers, churches , monasteries , windmills , lighthouses , evidence of Slavic settlement , monuments and viewpoints .
Rostock's Warnemünde district is the cruise port with the largest number of passengers in Germany. The Warnemünde Week , which takes place every summer in Warnemünde, and the Hanse Sail attract over a million tourists to Rostock every year. In addition, the Müritz Sail in Waren (Müritz) has established itself as an event on the inland waters.
Tourism in MV is also of great importance outside the summer season , with business growing steadily in the off-season and in winter. On cool days, indoor activities such as the numerous museums , theaters , shops and leisure pools are often used . In the winter months, visits to the traditional Christmas markets (especially in Rostock , Schwerin, Stralsund, Neubrandenburg and the seaside resorts) as well as New Year's and wellness arrangements are popular.
Key figures of the economy
The gross domestic product (GDP) in 2017 was 42.8 billion euros. Overall, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania generated 1.3 percent of Germany's total economic output. The service industry had a share of 76.2 percent of the gross value added in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, the manufacturing industry generated 21.6 percent. The gross domestic product (GDP) per inhabitant in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania was 28.9 euros in 2019, almost 83% of the average value within the EU member states . Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is also in last place in the purchasing power index with 83.1 (2019) compared to Germany. Also in last place in the comparison of the federal states is Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania together with Saxony-Anhalt in terms of the wealth quota with 3.4%.
The state budget has had a balanced or positive balance since 2006, i. that is, no new debt was taken out for ten consecutive years. The country is planning a balanced budget until 2020 and from 2006 to 2015 a total of 900 million euros in debts could be repaid.
The unemployment rate in the area of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania rose from 1990 to 20 percent (September 2004) and then fell continuously to 7.6% in December 2018, the lowest level since 1990. Regional differences are particularly evident between the western districts of Ludwigslust- Parchim (5.5%), Rostock (5.6%) and Northwest Mecklenburg (6.1%) on the one hand and the south-eastern districts of Vorpommern-Greifswald (9.2%), Mecklenburg Lake District (9.1%) and Vorpommern-Rügen (9.5%) on the other hand (as of December 2018). Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania still has the lowest wages in all of Germany. Every third person does not earn more than 2000 euros gross despite a full-time job. In 2017, the median of the gross monthly wages of employees subject to social security contributions was 2,391 euros compared to the western German average of 3,339 euros.
The ten most important locations of employment subject to social insurance are ( place of work ):
| city | social insurance Employees June 30, 2012 |
Commuter balance June 30, 2012 |
Job density 1 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rostock | 80.934 | +10,245 | 620 |
| Schwerin | 47.197 | +14,471 | 826 |
| Neubrandenburg | 32,323 | +8,972 | 770 |
| Greifswald | 24.163 | +5,047 | 628 |
| Stralsund | 23,023 | +4,647 | 653 |
| Wismar | 15,713 | +1,615 | 590 |
| Guestrow | 12,000 | +2,323 | 679 |
| Goods (Müritz) | 9,798 | +2,233 | 757 |
| Neustrelitz | 8,488 | +1,690 | 676 |
| Parchim | 8,462 | +2,587 | 783 |
| year | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate in% | 17.8 | 18.3 | 18.6 | 20.1 | 20.4 | 20.3 | 19.0 | 16.5 | 14.1 | 13.5 | 12.7 | 12.5 | 12.0 | 11.7 | 11.2 | 10.4 | 9.7 | 8.6 | 7.9 |
additional
- Birthplace of the department store
Historically, the parent companies of the first large German department store chains such as Karstadt (founded in Wismar in 1871 ), Kaufhof (founded in Stralsund in 1879) and Wertheim (founded in Stralsund in 1875) were established in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania .
- Creative industries
The cultural and creative industries takes today in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is becoming increasingly important one, so the entrepreneurial culture creation z. B. by filmmakers and other artists ( e.g. to be seen at the Filmkunstfest ), festivals and concerts and other events , theater (e.g. Störtebeker Festival ), fashion and design (e.g. Fashion Week Warnemünde and LOOK Schwerin ).
- Real estate industry
The real estate market and the construction industry are of great local importance in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. There is a high demand in scenic locations such as on the coasts and in lake areas , as well as in the historic old towns and villages. According to the state development program, the development should be concentrated on the inner areas of the communities in order to use the existing infrastructure and avoid urban sprawl . Overall, there were more immigrants than emigrants in the country in 2013 for the first time since 1990 . Places with good infrastructure record more immigration, especially in the outskirts of the metropolitan regions of Hamburg , Berlin and Szczecin and in the regiopole region around Rostock . The country's numerous castles and mansions have also been the focus of regional and real estate development for several years.
- food industry
The processing of food is an important economic factor in the country. Examples from the food industry are potato processing by Pfanni in Stavenhagen , the Nestlé plant in Schwerin and the frozen food production of the Oetker Group in Wittenburg . The Trolli sweets from Hagenow and Grabower sweets are also known beyond the country's borders.
There are several small and some large breweries in the whole of Germany and beyond , the largest and most famous are the Mecklenburgische Brauerei Lübz , the Störtebeker Braumanufaktur in Stralsund, the Hanseatic Brewery Rostock and the Darguner Brewery . There are also smaller specialty and craft breweries with a supraregional reputation, such as the Mecklenburg-based Vielanker brewery, the Barther specialty brewery, the brewery in the Mellenthin moated castle on Usedom and the Rügener Insel brewery in Rambin .
- State Marketing
Since 2004, the state government has been promoting Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania as a business location and living environment with the motto " MV does gut ." When crossing the state borders on the trunk roads, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is advertised as “land to live”. The aim of the state marketing campaign is to make the strengths and potentials of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania better known and to link them with the key areas of health, nutrition, tourism, culture, science, technology and education that are important for the state.
traffic
railroad
The Berlin-Hamburg Railway runs through the southwestern landscape of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . From this route there are connections via Schwerin and Bad Kleinen to Wismar and again from Bad Kleinen to Rostock (continuation in the direction of Stralsund – Rügen). Other main routes run in a north-south direction from Berlin via Neustrelitz to Rostock / Neubrandenburg – Stralsund and from Berlin via Pasewalk – Anklam – Greifswald to Stralsund . The Bützow – Stettin railway line forms an almost 200 km long west-east cross connection inland . In addition, there are various branch lines going out from the main lines and an S-Bahn network in Rostock .
In recent years, a considerable number of rail lines and rail infrastructure (especially many branch lines and smaller stations as well as side tracks) have been shut down and mostly dismantled. The state experienced extensive cuts in local rail passenger transport , for example, in December 2012 when a large number of lines were canceled or thinned out. Even at larger train stations, tracks have been and are being dismantled as part of modernization measures and operations have been greatly simplified. Significant savings in personnel were made through automation (including level crossings ). There are now sections of route over 20 km in length without intermediate stops (e.g. on the RE 5), as only long-running Regional Express lines (RE) operate there.
The largest and most powerful railway company in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is DB Regio AG , which largely provides local rail passenger transport. On some branch lines in the Western Pomerania region, local rail transport is successfully operated by the Deutsche Bahn subsidiary UBB . As a non-federally owned railway company, the ODEG is to be mentioned, which operates three local rail transport lines in the West Mecklenburg area.
Well-known historical narrow-gauge railways in the state are the Rasende Roland on Rügen and the Molli bathing railway in the Rostock district. The Mecklenburg-Pomerania narrow-gauge railway in Galenbeck- Schwichtenberg and the Klützer coffee distiller near Boltenhagen are other tourist narrow -gauge railways .
Transportation
The most developed local public transport in the state is in the Hanseatic city of Rostock. This is coordinated by the Verkehrsverbund Warnow (VVW).
There are both municipal transport companies with their own buses - such as the MVVG - and private operators in the country. The line network is usually well developed in the regional and medium-sized centers, while buses run less often in smaller towns. In addition to local transport companies, there are also coach operators and, since the market opened in 2013, there are also several long-distance bus routes . This includes the VVG's "straight line" connection between Greifswald and Neubrandenburg as well as several lines between Berlin, Hamburg, Neubrandenburg, Rostock, Schwerin and the holiday resorts of providers such as the UBB and Flixbus , which lead to many major cities in Germany. The south-east of the country is connected to Szczecin by VVG bus routes.
There are standard-gauge trams in the Hanseatic city of Rostock and in the state capital Schwerin . The Stralsund tram was operated from 1900 to 1966 .
Street
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is connected to the A 20 motorway from Lübeck via Wismar, Rostock and Neubrandenburg to the Uckermark triangle , the A 24 from Hamburg to Berlin with a connection via the A 14 to Schwerin and Wismar, and the A 19 from Berlin to Rostock and in the far south-east accessed from the A 11 (Berlin-Stettin).
Various federal highways run through the country, the most important north-south connection being the B 96 , in east-west direction there are the B 104 , B 105 (following the former Hansische Ostseestrasse ), the B 110 and the B 192 .
Several holiday routes in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania are designated for tourist use .
Shipping
Important seaports are in Rostock , Wismar and Sassnitz ( Port Mukran ) on Rügen, others are in Stralsund, Greifswald, Wolgast , Lubmin , Ueckermünde and Vierow . From the international port of Rostock and from Sassnitz leading ferry to Denmark , Sweden , Finland , Poland and the Baltic States . In 2017, around 3.6 million passengers boarded and disembarked on ferry and cruise ships in the ports of MV, almost 3.2 million of them in Rostock alone. In 2013, a good 1.9 million ferry passengers passed through the Rostock ports promoted. In 2017, around 27 million tonnes of goods were handled in the ports of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, including 20.4 million t in Rostock, 3.2 million t in Wismar, 1.5 million t in Sassnitz and 0.97 million in Stralsund. t. In 2015 the total was 39.52 million t, of which 15.3 million t was in RoRo traffic and 4.1 million t of general cargo.
Rostock's Warnemünde district was the largest cruise port in Germany with 181 cruise ship calls with over 766,000 handled passengers in 2016.
In many coastal towns, there are sailboats and pleasure craft - Marinas . The largest marinas are located next to the larger cities on the water in Lubmin , Niendorf, Darß, Prerow, Born, Glowe, Neuhof, Lauterbach / Putbus, Kröslin, Karlshagen, Mönkebude and Ueckermünde. The many lakes in the hinterland are connected to each other and to the Baltic Sea via the Warnow , Recknitz , Peene and various canals for shipping. Especially in the Mecklenburg Lake District there are a large number of sport boat harbors. In Greifswald there is a museum harbor with historical ships.
Air traffic
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania has a larger airport, four medium-sized regional airports (where aircraft up to the size of the Airbus A320 can land), as well as numerous smaller airfields and runways. Rostock-Laage Airport is by far the largest and busiest airport . He wins in the last few years u. a. as a feeder for cruise tourism, for vacation flights, as well as for business flights in German-speaking countries.
Regional airports are Heringsdorf Airport on Usedom , the Neubrandenburg Airport , the Barth airport and the airport Schwerin-Parchim . They were created from former air force bases of the NVA and the air forces of the Soviet Union . The Schwerin-Parchim Airport is a from 2014 Logistics - hub expanded and is also from 2016 scheduled flights to and from China are offering. [outdated]
There are also numerous smaller airfields, for example the airfield Rügen near Bergen , airfield Anklam , Müritz Airpark near Röbel , airfield Wismar , airfield Peenemünde on Usedom, airfield Rerik , airfield Pasewalk , airfield Tutow , airfield Waren / Vielist , airfield Purkshof near Rostock, Schmoldow airfield near Greifswald, Pinnow airfield near Schwerin, Güstrow airfield or Neustadt-Glewe airfield , which are primarily used for sports aviation. This is coordinated by the air sports association MV .
The international airports of Stettin-Goleniów , Hamburg and Berlin airports also play a role for the country.
bicycle
The cycling infrastructure in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania was greatly expanded after 1990, but is still very sketchy. Well developed are often only the big holiday routes, including the Berlin-Copenhagen Cycle Route , the cycle route Berlin-Usedom , the Ice Age Route Mecklenburg Lake District , the cycle path Hamburg Ruegen , the Mecklenburg Lake bike trail , the Oder-Neisse Cycle , the Baltic Sea Upper Bavaria Route (D11) and the Baltic Sea coast route (D2) .
Education and Research
schools
According to data from the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Statistical Office, there were a total of 143,146 students in general education schools, 32,545 students in vocational schools and 12,429 full-time teachers in the state in 2015.
Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania have some of the oldest schools in the German-speaking area in their field. The oldest of these is the Güstrow Cathedral School , which was founded in 1236 as a collegiate school for the training of young clerics , and was re-established in 1552 as a Latin school , later as a grammar school . Also the Lilienthal-Gymnasium Anklam (1535), the Große Stadtschule Wismar (1541), the Albert-Einstein-Gymnasium Neubrandenburg (1553), the Fridericianum Schwerin (1553), the Jahn-Gymnasium Greifswald (1561), the Parchimer Friedrich-Franz -Gymnasium (1564), the large city school Rostock (1580), the Niels-Stensen-Schule Schwerin (1735), the grammar school Carolinum Neustrelitz (1795) and the Pädagogium Putbus (1836) can refer to an extraordinarily long history. The humanistic grammar school in Stralsund , founded in 1560, was not reopened on May 1, 1945 after the Red Army took Stralsund .
At the secondary level there are in addition to the classical school , the school form Regional School (formerly main or secondary school). There are also a few comprehensive schools , especially in the larger cities . In order to enable a later school career decision and longer learning together, after primary school (grades 1–4) pupils change to a regional school together . After the sixth grade, you can change to a grammar school and acquire the Abitur or you can attain vocational or intermediate maturity at the regional school . Since 2008, after twelve years , the Abitur , which was the rule before 2001, has been reintroduced at all grammar schools. In addition, the increase in the decision-making autonomy of the individual schools was continuously tested with pilot projects (e.g. independent school ) and increased with legal reforms. The European School model promotes intercultural cooperation, an example of which is the German-Polish Gymnasium Löcknitz .
In addition to the state schools, there are also several schools that are privately owned by private non-profit organizations, some of which are also denominational, such as the Catholic Bernostiftung , or other private schools such as the Schloss Torgelow boarding school near Waren .
The number of pupils has decreased overall since 2000. In 2009 there were about eight students for every 100 inhabitants in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In urban centers such as Rostock, Schwerin, Greifswald, Stralsund, Wismar, Neubrandenburg and other places that are attractive for families, the number of schoolchildren has increased steadily in recent years, which is a result of increasing birth rates and immigration.
Colleges
According to data from the Statistical Office of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, there were a total of 38,541 students at universities in 2015, including 24,625 at universities, and a total of 15,576 university employees.
State universities in addition to the universities are the Rostock University of Music and Drama , the Neubrandenburg University , the Stralsund University and the Wismar University , the University of Applied Sciences for Public Administration, Police and Justice in Güstrow and a campus of the University of the Federal Employment Agency in Schwerin. The private university of applied sciences for medium-sized companies (formerly Baltic College ) has locations in Schwerin and Rostock. There are also courses offered at the private design school in Schwerin.
Universities
There are two full universities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . The University of Greifswald (founded in 1456) and the University of Rostock (founded in 1419) are the two oldest universities in Northern Europe and are among the oldest in the world. In the Excellence Initiative , none of the two was taken of the Federation.
- Universities in MV
Research institutions
There are numerous non-university research institutions in the state, which are mainly concentrated in and around the universities in Greifswald and Rostock and mainly deal with medicine, biology, physics, space travel, animal health, agricultural sciences and demography. The most important institutes include the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research , the Fraunhofer IGD , the Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology , the Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research , the Leibniz Institute for Atmospheric Physics and the Leibniz Institute for Catalysis in Rostock, the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics in Greifswald and the German Aerospace Center with branches in Neustrelitz .
There are several important medical research institutes in the state, such as the DZNE for Nervous Diseases , the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology and the Heart and Diabetes Center MV at the Karlsburg Clinic . With the Friedrich Loeffler Institute, there is a national research institute on the island of Riems, which belongs to Greifswald . The well-known research results from MV include, for example, the invention of the water scalpel, also known as the Helix-Hydro-Jet , or the first artificial liver for children.
population
Around 1.6 million people live in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania today (as of December 31, 2019). The population consists of Mecklenburg and Pomerania and a small part of Brandenburgers . In addition, there were many expellees after the Second World War , mainly from eastern Pomerania and East Prussia , as well as immigrants from other regions of Germany and their descendants, historically mainly from the area of the former GDR , and after reunification Russian-German emigrants and ethnic German repatriates . The largest group of citizens of foreign origin came from Poland (16 percent) in 2014 , followed by Russia (9 percent), Ukraine (7 percent) and Vietnam (as of November 2013). Since 2015, due to the waves of refugees caused by the Syrian civil war, the largest group has been from Syria (by 20 percent). The share of the total foreign population in the national population is 4 percent (as of September 2016).
The influx of almost a million displaced persons who were officially called “resettlers” in the Soviet Zone / GDR led to a surge in the population to 2.1 million in 1945/1946. Since reaching this peak, the number of inhabitants has decreased continuously. About eight percent of the displaced people who had reached the four occupation zones by 1950 settled in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and made up up to 45 percent of the total population there.
The considerable loss of population after 1989 (between 1990 and 2013: −17%) is a consequence of emigration from the west and a slump in the birth rate. These trends slowed down or stopped in the 2010s; more people are migrating again and more children are being born. In 2008, for example, the country had the highest rise in the birth rate in Germany, with the birth rate increasing from 1.36 to 1.41. In addition, a development towards large families is foreseeable in 2015 , the probability of childbirth is higher in families who already have one child. The increases are on the part of politics and a. can be attributed to the good daycare provision, increased efforts in early childhood education , the better job market situation and the generally improved quality of life in the country. Overall, it is becoming apparent that the peripheral rural areas with poor infrastructure will remain sparsely populated, while the urban centers as well as scenic and infrastructural attractive places will regain inhabitants. Overall, there were more immigrants into the state than emigrants in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in 2013 for the first time since 1990 . Until 2016, the country recorded positive net migration, which was reduced by a steady surplus of the number of deaths over the number of live births, i.e. a negative natural population balance, so that the country experienced a further decline in population in 2016. A study by the Berlin Institute from 2019 sees Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in an "intermediate demographic high" and expects a further sharp decline by 11.1% to 1.43 million inhabitants by 2035 due to the high level of aging and the low number of potential parents.
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is the most sparsely populated and most rural German state. The majority of the population lives along the Baltic Sea coast, while the south and inland areas in the east of the country are particularly sparsely populated. The Hanseatic city of Rostock is the only major city in the country with around 206,000 inhabitants and is considered a regiopole . Rostock is also the largest of the four regional centers in the state, followed by Stralsund and Greifswald (totaled around 115,000 inhabitants, as of June 30, 2016), the state capital Schwerin (around 95,000 inhabitants) and the city of Neubrandenburg (around 64,000 inhabitants). All other cities have fewer than 50,000 inhabitants, the most important cities in this group are the Hanseatic cities of Wismar and Güstrow as well as Waren (Müritz) , Neustrelitz and Parchim . The Polish port city of Stettin, with a population of over 400,000, is now a growth engine for eastern Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, especially in the area of its metropolitan region . The proximity to Berlin is beneficial for the southern parts of the country ; West Mecklenburg is integrated into the Hamburg metropolitan region and the area where it is connected with Rostock and Lübeck and is also showing growth.
The average life expectancy in the period 2015/17 was 78.6 years for men and 83.0 years for women. The men rank 15th among the German federal states, while women rank 8th. Regionally in 2013/15 the city of Rostock (expectation of the total population: 80.84 years), the district of Rostock (80.23) and the Mecklenburg Lake District (80.04) had the highest, as well as Ludwigslust-Parchim (79.78), Schwerin (79.76) and Vorpommern-Greifswald (79.23) have the lowest life expectancy.
religion
The majority of the inhabitants of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania are non-denominational. Around 237,890 inhabitants (14.8%; as of 12/2018) are members of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany (in short: "Northern Church"). The Protestant parishes in the north church are divided into the "Mecklenburg Church District" and the " Pomerania Church District ".
The Roman Catholic Church has been playing the Reformation in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern with about 55,219 members (3.4%, as of 12/2018) a numerically smaller role. Mecklenburg's Catholics belong to the Archdiocese of Hamburg , while the Catholics in Western Pomerania belong to the Archdiocese of Berlin .
There are also congregations of the Evangelical Reformed Church in the EKD , the Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church and the Evangelical Free Churches such as the Baptists , free Evangelical congregations , Methodists , Mennonites or the Seventh-day Adventists . There are also several smaller Christian churches such as the New Apostolic Church or the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons).
In Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania there is one Jewish community each in the state capital Schwerin (including Wismar) and in Rostock . Both communities are organized in the regional association of Jewish communities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , which is a member of the Central Council of Jews in Germany . The list of synagogues in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania provides information about historical synagogues .
Islam is represented by two mosques (in Schwerin and Rostock).
Culture
language
In large parts of the country, in addition to High German, Low German (“Plattdütsch”) is at least understood and sometimes spoken by the older generation . The younger ones do it less often. Today there are various initiatives with various school projects, association work, competitions and festivals to bring the younger generations closer to the regionally colored language of their homeland.
The so-called Mecklenburg-West Pomerania language area belongs to East Low German and roughly corresponds to the current borders of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania. There are no clearly definable boundaries between Mecklenburg and West Pomerania Low German, but the dialectal differences are expressed geographically in a west-east continuum. So there are no isogloss bundles .
The Pomeranian dictionary and the Mecklenburg dictionary were established for the documentation of both language areas . Important Low German writers from the region include Fritz Reuter , John Brinckman and Rudolf Tarnow . The Middle Low German Barther Bible is one of the most important historical documents in the region .
In addition to Low German, there are also Mark-Brandenburg dialects , which are close to the Berlin dialect , especially in the eastern part of Western Pomerania, due to the long membership in Prussia and the “Uckermärkische Zipfel” around Strasburg .
For the care of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania variations of Low German, u. a. the language companies of the Fritz Reuter Society based in Neubrandenburg , the Johannes Gillhoff Society based in Ludwigslust - Glaisin and the John Brinckman Society based in Jürgenstorf . In addition, in many places there are home associations and Low German cultural groups that take care of the preservation of Low German.
Architectural monuments
Museums
Notable museums in MV are for example the State Museum Schwerin , the Pomeranian State Museum in Greifswald and the Phantechnikum in Wismar. The Darwineum in Rostock Zoo combines a museum experience exhibition with a zoological collection. The German Oceanographic Museum with the Ozeaneum and the Nautineum in Stralsund is the most visited museum in Northern Germany. The Müritzeum in Waren (Müritz) has Europe's largest freshwater aquariums for domestic fish species.
Important art exhibitions in addition to the Schwerin Old & New Masters Gallery are among others. a. the Rostock art gallery and the Ahrenshoop art museum ; there are also valuable exhibits in changing locations, for example in the Neubrandenburg art collection .
The oldest museum in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is the Stralsund Kulturhistorisches Museum . The Rostock counterpart is located in the Holy Cross Monastery . The regional museum Neubrandenburg and Kulturquartier Mecklenburg-Strelitz in Neustrelitz are important cultural museums in the southeast of the country. There are also smaller cultural, regional and local museums in many other places, such as the Warnemünde Local History Museum , the Folklore Museum in Schönberg , the Grimmener Mühlentor and the Heringsdorf Villa Irmgard . There are also larger special exhibitions such as the German Amber Museum in Ribnitz-Damgarten or the Low German Bible Center in Barth .
The open-air museums in the country are also popular destinations. B. in Groß Raden , Klockenhagen and Schwerin-Mueß , the Slavic villages Passentin and Neustrelitz, the Stone Age village Kussow , the Hanseatic Quarter in Demmin and the Torgelow Ukranenland . There are also several miniature parks outdoors .
You can also visit many of the more than 2000 palaces, castles and manor houses in the country - some of them are run as museums, in addition to the ducal residences e.g. As the castles in Burg Stargard , Penzlin , Plau , Doemitz and Neustadt-Glewe , or even the castle island Mirow , the Hohenzieritz Castle , the Castle Ueckermünde , the Granitz hunting lodge on Rügen and the baroque castle Bothmer between Wismar and Lübeck.
theatre
The largest public theaters in the state are the Mecklenburg State Theater in Schwerin , the Volkstheater Rostock , the Theater Vorpommern with venues in Greifswald, Stralsund and Putbus and the Theater und Orchester GmbH Neubrandenburg / Neustrelitz with venues in Neubrandenburg and Neustrelitz. All four theaters offer both drama and musical theater and orchestral music.
Other important theaters are the Ernst Barlach Theater in Güstrow , the Mecklenburg State Theater Parchim , the Vorpommersche Landesbühne and the Theater Wismar . In addition, there are many, mostly privately operated, seasonal theaters and open-air theaters in larger cities, on the Baltic coast and in artist villages and health resorts . The Störtebeker Festival has been taking place in Ralswiek on the island of Rügen since 1993 . They are Germany's most successful open-air theater. The Vineta Festival on Usedom, the Pirate Open Air in Grevesmühlen and the Müritz saga in Waren are well known beyond the country's borders.
| theatre | Visitors 2010/2011 |
|---|---|
| Mecklenburg State Theater Schwerin | 168.177 |
| Vorpommersche Theater- und Sinfonieorchester GmbH Greifswald / Stralsund | 147.990 |
| Theater and Orchestra GmbH Neustrelitz / Neubrandenburg | 93,634 |
| Volkstheater Rostock | 111.174 |
| Vorpommersche Landesbühne Anklam | 65,947 |
| Mecklenburg State Theater Parchim | 15,904 |
Events
The MV-Tag takes place every two years as an official state festival, in 2018 in Rostock , for the 800th anniversary of the Hanseatic city.
The nationally important events in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania include:
- Music festivals
The annual “ Festspiele Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ”, which takes place in summer, is a festival for classical music . The festival venues are spread all over the state, often in manor houses, castles, churches, barns, industrial buildings and also in parks. On the Baltic coast and on the lakes there are smaller series of festivals that complement the cultural offerings in the holiday resorts with music and theater. B. the Schönberg music summer and the Usedom music festival in autumn. Like the festival, they are part of the “Musikland MV” series of events.
Other renowned music events are:
- Airbeat One : Festival for electronic dance music in Neustadt-Glewe , which has been taking place annually since 2002.
- Eldenaer Jazz Evenings : Open-Air - Jazz Festival in Greifswald - Eldena , which was organized in 1981 for the first time. Since then, jazz musicians from all over the world have made guest appearances in Eldena every July.
- Fusion Festival : A festival for young art on the Lärz airfield south of the Müritz . It has been held annually since 1997 and is a showcase for alternative music, art and theater with worldwide appeal. There are u. a. Artists of the avant-garde Burning Man Festival in the Mecklenburg Lake District.
- Greifswald Bach Week : A music series for classical music that has been taking place in Greifswald since 1946 .
- Honky Tonk : annual pub music festival in the inner cities of Rostock, Schwerin, Stralsund and Wismar.
- Immergut Festival : Indierock music festival in Neustrelitz, which has been held annually at the end of May since 2000.
- Student festivals: The country hosts several large music events organized by student organizations. This includes the University Day in Neubrandenburg , the Campus Spectacle in Stralsund and the Campus Open Air in Wismar . In Rostock there are u. a. the campus awakening , the campus explosion and the campus summer party . In Greifswald , in addition to the summer events mentioned, there is the International Students Festival (Gristuf) with the Fête de la Musique .
- Zappanale : Music festival in Bad Doberan that has been taking place since 1990. It is dedicated to the legacy of the composer and musician Frank Zappa with a wide variety of artists and interpretations .
- Movie
- Darsser Naturfilmfestival : Film festival for nature and environmental films on the Darß peninsula , which has been held every autumn since 2005. The German Nature Film Prize will be awarded during the event.
- DocumentART : Film festival for documentary films in Neubrandenburg , which has been taking place every autumn since 1992. At the same time, the festival will be held in Szczecin, Poland.
- Festival im Stadthafen (FiSH): Short film festival in Rostock, especially for young film art.
- Filmkunstfest Mecklenburg-Vorpommern : Film festival with around 17,000 visitors a year in Schwerin, where the Golden Ox has been awarded for outstanding contributions to German film culture since 2002 .
- theatre
- Festival in the castle garden : Operetta festival in Neustrelitz with up to 30,000 visitors, which has been taking place in the castle garden since 2001.
- Müritz saga : open-air theater that has been taking place every summer since 2006 in the amphitheater on the Mühlenberg in Waren (Müritz) .
- Pirate Open Air : Open-air theater in Grevesmühlen near Wismar with over 50,000 visitors annually, which has been taking place every summer since 2005.
- Schwerin Castle Festival : Opera festival in Schwerin, which has been organized annually by the Mecklenburg State Theater since 1993 . Up to 70,000 visitors visit the festival every summer.
- Störtebeker Festival : Open-air theater in Ralswiek on the island of Rügen with over 350,000 visitors annually, which has been taking place every summer since 1993.
- Vineta Festival : open-air theater in Zinnowitz on the island of Usedom , which has been held every summer since 1997.
- Folk festivals and cultural festivals
- Harvest Festival : The State Harvest Festival has been held on the first weekend in October since 1990. The highlight is the festivities on Sunday with an ecumenical service, parade and handover of the harvest crown . The 26th Landeserntedankfest took place in Brüsewitz in 2016 , and Siedenbollentin was the venue in 2017 . Regional harvest festivals take place in autumn, for example in Stralsund.
- Carnival or Mardi Gras : There are carnival clubs in many municipalities in the state that organize events such as parades , sessions with “town hall occupations”, guard dances , hand-made speeches and dance evenings. The State Carnival Association Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is the umbrella organization of 82 carnival associations in the state, in which around 6000 carnivalists are active.
- Culture park festivals: Folk festivals take place regularly in the Neubrandenburg culture park , which have an attraction beyond the national borders, such as the Whitsun Festival , the light festival Fountains in Flames ( Northern Lights Magic ) and the Mecklenburg Oktoberfest .
- Martensmann : The tradition of Martensmann's November trip from Lübeck to Schwerin for Martin's Day has existed since 1520. It leads via Schönberg and is celebrated in Rehna and Schwerin as a folk festival or Martensmarkt .
- Nordic Sound : The largest festival for Northern European culture outside of Scandinavia. It takes place annually in May in Greifswald .
- polenmARkT : The most important festival for Polish culture outside Poland. It usually takes place on ten days in November in Greifswald and the surrounding areas.
- Sweden Festival: Every year in late summer, this event in Wismar commemorates the long membership of the Swedish crown, which began in 1648 after the Thirty Years' War.
- Dance balls : Outstanding festive ball events are the annual state press ball MV, the theater ball in the Mecklenburg State Theater in Schwerin and the festival ball of the Neubrandenburg Philharmonic .
- Wallenstein Days : Folk festival in Stralsund that has been celebrated since 1825, at which every July the defense against the siege of the city by Wallenstein in 1628 is commemorated. It is the largest historical folk festival in northern Germany.
- Christmas markets : The traditional Rostock Christmas market is the largest in Northern Germany, and the Christmas markets in Stralsund, Wismar, Schwerin, Neubrandenburg (Weberglockenmarkt) and in the seaside resorts on the coast are known nationwide. But there are also markets in smaller towns and villages, e.g. B. at manor houses, in the barn Bollewick and at the monastery Zarrentin .
Sports events are covered in the Sports section .
public holidays
In addition to the national holidays, New Year, Good Friday, Easter, Labor Day, Ascension Day, Pentecost, Day of German Unity and Christmas, Reformation Day is a public holiday in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania .
Since 2002, May 8th has been a state day of remembrance in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, the day of liberation from National Socialism and the end of World War II.
Coins
Since 2006, 2-euro commemorative coins have been issued annually with a motif of the country that provides the President of the Federal Council . In 2007 this was Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, around 30 million 2-euro coins with the Schwerin Castle as a motif were minted, which are in circulation as the official currency.
media
The Media Institute Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (MMV) is the legally binding body invites tenders in accordance with the Public Broadcasting Act, which contributes to the development of radio and television, and monitors the activities of private and open media stations and broadcasting licenses. It has been awarding the Media Competence Prize since 2006, which recognizes outstanding achievements by committed adults and children.
Print media / newspapers
The regional daily newspapers with the highest circulation are the Ostsee-Zeitung , the Schweriner Volkszeitung with its local Rostock edition, the Norddeutsche Neuesten Nachrichten , and the Nordkurier . None of the newspapers has its own full editorial team . There are also various regional advertising papers such as the Blitz .
Main building Ostseezeitung in Rostock
Main building of the Schweriner People's Newspaper in Schwerin
Main building of the Nordkurier in Neubrandenburg
radio
Radio is available for analogue and digital reception. There are also various open channels , also known as Citizens Radio or Citizens Broadcasting .
Selection of public radio stations and their reception options:
- NDR 1 Radio MV ( UKW , DAB + , DVB-S )
- NDR 2 (FM, DAB +, DVB-S)
- NDR Blue (DAB +, DVB-S)
- NDR info (FM, DAB +, DVB-S)
- NDR culture (UKW, DAB +, DVB-S)
- NDR Plus (DAB +, DVB-S)
- N-Joy (FM, DAB +, DVB-S)
- Germany radio (FM, DAB +, DVB-S)
- Deutschlandradio Kultur (UKW, DAB +, DVB-S)
Private radio stations:
- Antenna MV (VHF)
- Baltic Sea wave (VHF)
- radio B2 (VHF)
- Radio Paradiso (VHF)
Open radio stations:
- LOHRO (VHF)
- NB-Radiotreff 88.0 (VHF)
- radio 98eins (VHF)
- Wave Kummerower See (VHF)
- Radio MSP (FM)
Internet radio
The web radios from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania include in alphabetical order: Baltic Sea Melody from Schwerin, Radio Hagenow , Radio MSP from Neustrelitz, Radio Nordland from Leopoldshagen and Web radio Powerplay from Rostock. In addition, most terrestrial radio stations have streams that can be transmitted and received on the respective websites.
watch TV
The public and private television channels can be received via cable and satellite . Some public broadcasters are also broadcast terrestrially via DVB-T . The NDR television is on regional TV channels of the Norddeutscher Rundfunk , who also supplied in addition to Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Lower Saxony and Bremen Mecklenburg-Vorpommern with regional information. The national program of NDR television is the Nordmagazin . In September 2012, MV1, the first nationwide private television, went on air.
There are individual television stations that can broadcast locally or regionally in a certain area. The local offer is operated by private and open TV stations. The following local, open and private TV channels can currently be received via cable and partly via the Internet in the stream as Internet TV :
- Anklam TV - Anklam and Vorpommern-Greifswald
- aveo - My television - Schwerin and the surrounding area
- FAS - television at Strelasund - Stralsund
- FiSCH-TV - Schwerin
- Greifswald TV - Greifswald
- Guestrow TV - Guestrow
- MV1
- Neu.ein - Neubrandenburg and the surrounding area
- Peene TV - Demmin and surroundings
- rok-tv - Rostock
- tv.rostock - Rostock
- Rügen TV - Rügen
- Wismar TV
- Wolgast TV - Wolgast and partly the island of Usedom
- Grimmen TV - Grimmen
Movie
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is a popular panorama for German and international film productions . The movie Land MV gGmbH is the contact and also coordinator for the film industry. The state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania supports the award of the media competence award at FiSH u. a. young film productions. The Filmkunstfest Mecklenburg-Vorpommern is the most important film festival in the state and is one of the largest public festivals in Germany, at which the flying ox is awarded as the main prize ( see also film events ).
Well-known actors from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania are u. a. Matthias Schweighöfer (born Anklamer ), Nadja Uhl (Stralsunderin), Charly Hübner ( Neustrelitzer ), Katrin Sass (Schwerin), David C. Bunners ( Neubrandenburger ), Tim Wilde (Stralsunder), Jule Böwe (Rostockerin), Devid Striesow ( Rüganer ) , Hinnerk Schönemann (Rostocker) and Anne-Catrin Märzke ( Parchimerin ).
- MV as a film set
A film classic is the 1922 horror film Nosferatu - A Symphony of Horror , in which the main town is represented by Wismar . The island of Usedom served as the backdrop for the Loriot film Pappa ante portas . The TV series Ein Bayer auf Rügen and Hallo Robbie! made the country and the island of Rügen known throughout Germany. The 2009 film The White Ribbon, which was awarded the Golden Palm , is set partly in MV, as is the multi-award-winning thriller The Ghostwriter from 2010. In the Sat.1 television film The Border from 2010, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is divided, now ruled by radical leftists , from the Federal Republic of Germany and continues to exist as the “Democratic Socialist Republic of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania” as an independent state. Some of the films Die Gustloff and The Hunt for the Treasure of the Nibelungs also take place at locations in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. In addition, there are numerous crime films and series that use scenes in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, among others. a. the Polizeiruf 110 from Rostock (which, however, is largely recorded in Hamburg), the ZDF Saturday crime series Stralsund , Der Usedom-Krimi from the island of Usedom and SOKO Wismar .
- Arthouse cinema
Besides multiplex cinemas with several halls in major cities and isolated private theaters, there is the unique in Europe, Association of cultural cinemas and film clubs, the film communication state association Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , in which almost all cinemas (such as the Li.Wu Rostock Frieda 23 , the Latücht Neubrandenburg or the BasisKulturfabrik Neustrelitz ) and film clubs in the state are organized. Thanks to its structure with playback rings and mobile cinema, it enables sophisticated cinema even in small places, often organized on a voluntary basis and as one of the few cultural sites on site.
Sports
The State Sports Association of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , based in Schwerin , has been the umbrella organization for organized sport in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania since 1990. The Sportjugend MV is his youth organization. The country has produced a number of world champions and Olympic champions in various sports, such as the successful football club and national players Toni Kroos and Tim Borowski , the cyclists Jan Ullrich and André Greipel , the rower Hannes Ocik , as well as the triathlete and Ironman Andreas Raelert , as well SC Neubrandenburg athletes such as canoeist Andreas Dittmer , shot putter Astrid Kumbernuss and sprinter Katrin Krabbe . The FC Hansa Rostock played 12 years in the first football league and is the most successful team from the former East Germany. In addition, the country u. a. To show successful athletes and clubs in volleyball, handball, horse riding, motor sports, boxing and other sports. Historically in the country u. a. Friedrich Ludwig Jahn , from 1802 to 1804 physical education and private tutor in Neubrandenburg and founder of the gymnastics movement . The TSV 1814 Friedland is the oldest sports club in Germany.
Ball sports
- Soccer
The FC Hansa Rostock plays in the season 2018/19 in the third league in professional football the men. The team, founded in 1965, with twelve Bundesliga seasons is the most successful team from the GDR since the fall of the Wall and has one of the largest fan bases among all German teams.
In the fünftklassigen league play 2018/19 of Malchower SV , Hansa Rostock II , of Torgelower SV Greif , of FC Anker Wismar , the TSG Neustrelitz and the Greifswalder FC . The state football association MV organizes the association league MV and organizes the MV Cup every year , the winner takes part in the DFB Cup .
In beach soccer (beach soccer) are Rostock Robben successful they were in 2014 the first national champion in the MV Beach Soccer Tour and won several German and international tournaments. The nationwide DFB Beach Soccer Cup has been taking place in Rostock-Warnemünde since 2013 . In addition, there is indoor football in the country according to the rules of futsal .
- volleyball
The volleyball team of Schweriner SC is represented in the 1st women's Bundesliga and has been German champions twelve times , most recently in 2018. The women of the 1st VC Stralsund and VC Olympia Schwerin play in the second women's Bundesliga . For the men, SV Warnemünde plays in the 2nd Bundesliga North . The annual Usedom Beach Cup is the most popular beach volleyball competition in the world .
- Handball
The HC Empor Rostock and the Mecklenburg bulls Schwerin play in the 3rd division . Several teams from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania also play in the handball league .
- basketball
In basketball , the Rostock Seawolves have been playing in the upper season of the 2nd basketball league, the ProA, since the 2018/19 season .
- ice Hockey
The Rostock Piranhas ice hockey team has been playing in the North Ice Hockey League (3rd division) since the 2010/11 season .
- hockey
In indoor hockey , the annual Höcker tournament in Güstrow is of nationwide importance.
- golf
Golf is growing in popularity, especially with the creation of new courses for beginners too. In 2011, the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Golf Association had around 13,500 members, including around half from other federal states and abroad. Significant tournaments find u. a. at the WINSTONopen in Vorbeck near Schwerin.
- Further
In table tennis, the TTSV 90 Neubrandenburg organizes the "Thousand table tennis tournament" every year. The UWR 071 Rostock team has been playing in the 1st Bundesliga in underwater rugby since the 2013/2014 season . The Demminer Radballverein played from the season 2008/2009 to 2013/2014 in the 2nd Radball Bundesliga. Since the 2018/2019 season they have been second class again. The DBU coordinates the billiards division , within which MV belongs to the North German Billiards Association.
water sports
- sailing
Sailing is practiced on the Baltic coast and on the numerous smaller bodies of water . Regattas are held on most of the larger bodies of water . The Hanse Sail and the Warnemünde Week in Rostock are major annual sporting events related to sailing . The harbor festival takes place in Stralsund every summer , in Wismar there are the harbor days and in Sassnitz on Rügen Sail Sassnitz . The Haff Sail is organized annually in Ueckermünde . In the inland the Müritz Sail in Waren is popular, on the Tollensesee in Neubrandenburg people sail around the “blue ribbon”. The Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Sailing Association, based in Rostock-Warnemünde, looks after most of the local sailing clubs.
- Windsurfing and kite surfing
The Baltic coast and many lakes are suitable for windsurfing and kite surfing . Over 50 surf spots are established, as well as numerous surf schools.
- Canoeing
The sport of paddling is popular across the country - canoe, kayak and dragon boat clubs are everywhere. The trend sport of stand-up paddling is also enjoying increasing popularity. The state canoe association MV is based in Neubrandenburg. The outrigger regatta in canoeing takes place there every year .
- swim
Every year more than a thousand swimmers swim through the Strelasund during Stralsund Sundschwimmen . The Müritz swimming is a competition that has been held since 1969. The swimming association MV is based in Rostock and looks after the swimmers as well as the water jumpers and water polo players .
- Diving
The scuba diving is possible throughout the country for many inland lakes and in the Baltic Sea. Many diving centers offer trial diving, diving training, guided tours and / or equipment.
Other sports
- Motorsport
In motorsport , annual highlights are the international mountain ring race on the Teterower Bergring at Whitsun, with the evening speedway race for the Auerhahn Cup in the Bergring Arena , the international speedway race for the Whitsun Cup in Güstrow in the stadium on Plauer Chaussee and the speedway in Stralsund -Bundesliga and the International Speedway Baltic Sea Cup. The annual stock car races in the "Hexenkessel" in Grimmen , as well as in Sanitz (Wendorf) and Stavenhagen ("Basepohler PS Hell") are very popular with both starters and spectators. The MSC Kobra Malchin and the MSC Jarmen are successful in Motoball ("motorcycle soccer") .
The summer ADAC rally sprint “Around the Bergring” in Teterow is a competitive rally . Classic car rallies take place all over the country. a. the Kaiser Classic Tour over the island of Usedom , the Rügen Classics leading over Rügen and the ADAC Sunflower Rally in western Mecklenburg, used by many old and youngtimer drivers . There are several motorsport race tracks and go- kart tracks in the country . The Landes-Motorsport-Fachverband MV (LMFV), based in Rostock, primarily coordinates activities in the motorcycle and karting sectors .
- Martial arts
The most popular martial arts in MV include boxing and kickboxing , judo , jiu jitsu and karate . The boxing association MV has over 1500 members, the Karate Union Mecklenburg-Vorpommern has 37 member clubs . Several Fight Nights with various martial arts take place each year for a wide audience . Several world championship fights in boxing took place in the sports and congress hall in Schwerin and in the Jahnsportforum Neubrandenburg. Some famous boxing world champions come from the country, including Sebastian Sylvester and Jürgen Brähmer . Probably the most famous German boxer, Max Schmeling (1905–2005), was born in Klein Luckow , then in Uckermark , which later came to the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. The successful boxing trainers Fritz Sdunek (1947–2014) and Michael Timm (* 1962) are also known.
- horse riding
The equestrian sport plays an important role in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and has a long tradition. The Redefin State Stud is world-famous for its stallion breeds and the parades and training courses there. André Thieme from Plau am See is one of the most successful show jumpers in the world. The Ostseerennbahn in Bad Doberan is the oldest on the European mainland . The MV Equestrian Association is based in Rostock.
- Cycling
The cycling is popular in all age groups. In Rostock there is a cycling track that is 250 meters long. The Mecklenburg Lake Tour , with its start and finish point in Neubrandenburg, has been the largest Everyman's Race in Germany since 2014 and is to be established in the following years as a European cycle race that could become part of the UCI Europe Tour .
- Runs
The Rügen Bridge Run with marathon takes the participants over the Rügen Bridge every year . Other popular marathon routes lead through Rostock , around the Müritz , around the Tollensesee , via Usedom , the Darß and along the Stettiner Haff .
- Air sports
Air sports are especially popular outside of the winter months, e.g. B. aerobatics , microlight flying , paragliding and kite sports . In addition to the larger airfields, there are numerous small air bases and glider airfields where practice lessons can be completed. The air sports association MV organizes u. a. the annual flight rally and the German championship in powered flight at Neubrandenburg Airport .
- Shooting sports
The Landesschützenverband Mecklenburg-Vorpommern eV (LSV MV), based in Neubrandenburg, coordinates over 180 shooting clubs.
literature
The MV Landesbibliographie endeavors to provide a complete overview of regional literature .
- Thomas Balzer, Siv Stippekohl: Atlas of awakening . Stories from 25 years of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Ch. Links Verlag , Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-86153-847-9 .
- Hans-Christian Feldmann, Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
2nd, revised and expanded edition. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin a. a. 2016. ISBN 978-3-422-03128-9 .
- Ernst Eichler , Werner Mühlmer: The names of the cities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Rostock 2002, ISBN 3-935319-23-1 .
- Gerhard Heitz ; Henning Rischer : History in Data. Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Munich u. a. 1995, ISBN 3-7338-0195-4 .
- Wolf Karge, Reno Stutz: Illustrated history of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Hinstorff, Rostock 2008, ISBN 978-3-356-01284-2 .
- Landeskundlich-historical Lexikon Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Ed .: Rostock History Workshop and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Regional Home Association. Rostock 2007, ISBN 978-3-356-01092-3 .
- Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in old views. Electronic resource (CD-ROM with high resolution images). Yorck Project, Society for Image Archiving, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-936122-81-4 .
- Michael North : History of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Beck, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-406-57767-3 .
- Grete Grewolls: Who was who in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania - the dictionary of persons. Hinstorff, Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-356-01405-1 (DVD: EPUB and PDF).
- Gunnar Müller-Waldeck : The savage from the Sandwich Islands. Entertaining information about poets, thinkers, strategists and warriors in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. Edition Pommern, Elmenhorst / Vorpommern 2014, ISBN 978-3-939680-19-2 .
- Gunnar Müller-Waldeck: The cake in the landscape. Entertaining cultural-historical forays into poets, literary places and landscapes in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. Edition Pommern, Elmenhorst / Vorpommern 2018, ISBN 978-3-939680-42-0 .
- Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in Europe. Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung MV, Schwerin 2019 ( digitized version )
Audio book
- Corinna Hesse: Hear, experience, and discover Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. A journey through the culture and history in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania from the Ice Age to the present. With music by Stefan Weinzierl. Silberfuchs-Verlag, 2015. ISBN 978-3-940665-38-6 .
See also
- Personalities (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
- Mecklenburg cuisine and Pomeranian cuisine
- Police Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Web links
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- Website of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- Official tourism portal of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- The MV Initiative website is doing well.
- Invest in MV - Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Economic Development Agency
- EU information portal for Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- State Bibliography Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- Literature from and about Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ^ Landesportal Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Landessignet and slogan "MV tut gut." ( Memento of November 15, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on January 22, 2013
- ↑ According to the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
- ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ↑ Unemployment rates in July 2020 - countries and districts. In: statistik.arbeitsagentur.de. Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency, accessed on August 11, 2020 .
- ↑ Gross domestic product of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania since 1991 on statista.com, accessed on January 9, 2018
- ↑ Source: destatis, public debt as of December 31, 2015
- ↑ Discontinuation of the Land Mäkelborg-Vbodommern. State Parliament Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Press and Public Relations Department, Schwerin 1999.
- ^ Landesportal Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Landessignet "MV tut gut" ( Memento from November 15, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on January 22, 2013
- ↑ Wolfgang Benz: Potsdam 1945: Occupation and rebuilding in four-zone Germany , Deutscher Taschenbuch-Verlag, Munich 1986, (dtv series German history of the latest time from the 19th century to the present; vol. 4522), p. 270. ISBN 3-423-04522-1 .
- ^ Chronicle of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania on the M.-V.-Landesportal ( Memento from January 13, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 2009, p. 25
- ↑ Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Ministry of the Environment (Hrsg.): Expert landscape program Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Schwerin 2003, p. 7f. ( Online , PDF ).
- ↑ a b Statistisches Amt MV - Population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help on this ).
- ^ State area development program MV - update from 2005, participation procedure 2015, accessed on July 9, 2015
- ↑ Der Spiegel: Prime Minister Sellering resigns - Schwesig is to follow.
- ^ Partner regions of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in the world ( Memento from June 30, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) - Europaportal MV
- ↑ Baltic Sea Cooperation and Regional Partnerships ( Memento of the original from August 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Government portal MV, accessed on July 9, 2015
- ↑ Minister of Economics in Austria promotes MV , government portal
- ↑ Foreign trade, trade fairs, development cooperation - support instruments of the state government
- ^ EIZ Rostock: MEPs for Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- ↑ Information office of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania at the EU
- ↑ Investor portal MV Bio- und Medizintechnik
- ↑ Sectors and growth areas ( Memento of the original from November 11, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , State portal MV, accessed on November 10, 2014
- ↑ a b Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Aviation and Space Promotion Association
- ↑ IT officer for the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- ↑ Technology and competence centers in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Investor portal Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, accessed on January 14, 2014
- ↑ Great importance of technology centers in the country - a total of 450 companies with 3000 jobs, July 9, 2015
- ↑ Entrepreneurs Club Rostock ( Memento of the original from April 17, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Mecklenburg-Vorpommern start-up landscape / startup card
- ↑ Gründungswerft Greifswald, start-up initiative in Western Pomerania ( Memento of the original from September 22, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Wismars Entrepreneurs ( Memento of the original from April 17, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Start-up initiative in Wismar
- ↑ gruender-mv.de , website for young companies in MV
- ^ IT-Lagune Vorpommern eV
- ^ IT initiative Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- ↑ AG Kreative MV ( Memento of the original from February 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ BioCon Valley Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- ^ Maritime Industry - Government Portal MV. Retrieved July 14, 2020 .
- ^ Liebherr in Rostock
- ↑ The 100 largest employers in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 2012 , NordLB, accessed on February 22, 2014
- ↑ Entrepreneurs from MV: Who are the makers of MV? , Schweriner Volkszeitung , January 29, 2018
- ↑ hansegroup.com ( page no longer available , search in [tt_news = 392 & tx_ttnews [backPid] = 918 & cHash = c17a697ec3 web archives]) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ List of boat builders in MV , accessed on February 22, 2014
- ↑ Future Conference of the Maritime Industry ( Memento of the original from July 10, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Rostock Chamber of Commerce, accessed on July 9, 2015
- ↑ The growth sector of the aerospace supply industry ( memento of June 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), Ministry of Economics MV, accessed on November 12, 2014
- ^ Aerospace companies in the Rostock area ( memento of November 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), Rostock Business, accessed on November 10, 2014
- ↑ Aerospace research center opened in Warnemünde , airliners.de, November 16, 2007, accessed on November 12, 2014
- ↑ Competence center for aircraft development and aircraft construction Pasewalk
- ↑ Remos AG Leichtflugzeuge Pasewalk ( Memento of the original from November 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ DLR: Neustrelitz site
- ^ Raumfahrt Concret - magazine from Neubrandenburg and organizer of the days of space travel
- ↑ Heinkel He 178 , fliegerweb.com, accessed on November 10, 2014
- ^ Rainer Eisfeld : Moonstruck. Wernher von Braun and the birth of space travel from the spirit of barbarism . Paperback, 2012, ISBN 978-3-86674-167-6 , p. 12
- ^ Federal state comparative study on renewable energies 2014 , accessed on November 29, 2014
- ↑ Status of onshore wind energy expansion in Germany, as of June 30, 2016 ( memento of July 30, 2016 in the Internet Archive ). Internet site of Deutsche Windguard, accessed on July 31, 2016.
- Jump up to the top in the 25th year: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern is Germany's number 1 travel destination for the first time , Tourismusverband Mecklenburg-Vorpommern eV, March 4, 2015
- ↑ Ministry of Economics, Building and Tourism MV - “From January to September 2012, the Northeast welcomed almost 280,000 foreign guests, 13.5 percent more than in the same period of the previous year - this makes MV the first in Germany this year. With around 372,000 overnight stays in the summer months of July and August alone, the Statistical Office also registered the most successful main season in international tourism to date. "
- ↑ a b Slight turnover growth in Rostock and Kiel . In: Schiff & Hafen , issue 3/2014, pp. 68–70
- ↑ Data and facts - State portal Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Retrieved July 14, 2020 .
- ↑ Gross domestic product per inhabitant by federal state 2019. Accessed on July 14, 2020 .
- ↑ Study on purchasing power in Germany in 2019. Total purchasing power rises to over 2,000 billion euros. Retrieved on July 14, 2020 (German).
- ↑ Income wealth ratio as measured by the federal median in percent over time. Retrieved July 14, 2020 .
- ↑ MV budget with 220 million euros plus , NRD report of February 16, 2016
- ^ State government: Debt , statement of the Ministry of Finance MV
- ↑ a b Statistics of the Federal Employment Agency, overview of the job market - reporting month December 2018, accessed January 18, 2019
- ↑ WORLD: Labor market: 3.4 million full-time earn less than 2000 euros gross . April 28, 2019 ( welt.de [accessed April 28, 2019]).
- ↑ BT-Drucksache 19/6067: Low wages in the Federal Republic of Germany. (PDF) November 28, 2018, accessed April 28, 2019 .
- ^ Statistics from the Federal Employment Agency
- ↑ a b census database
- ↑ © Federal Statistical Office (Destatis),: Federal Statistical Office Germany - GENESIS-Online ( en ) www-genesis.destatis.de. November 13, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
- ↑ Fashion Week Warnemünde ( Memento of the original from April 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ LOOK Fashion Show Schwerin
- ↑ Real Estate Compass ( Memento of the original dated November 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Capital , accessed November 3, 2014
- ↑ a b Trend reversed: MV becomes Immigrant Land ( memento from December 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), NDR, February 6, 2014, accessed on November 4, 2014
- ↑ A city fights change , Nordkurier, print edition: Blickpunkt, November 4, 2014, p. 2
- ↑ Rostock continues to grow , Rostock Today, accessed on November 4, 2014
- ↑ Rostock: Facts and Figures , rostock.de, accessed on November 4, 2014
- ^ Castle properties in MV in the Investguide
- ^ Breweries from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , bierbasis.de, accessed on November 13, 2015
- ^ Land zum Leben: MV puts up new signs , Ostsee-Zeitung, July 9, 2014
- ↑ MV is good for you. ( Memento from October 27, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Changes to the range of services in local rail transport from December 2012
- ↑ Small inquiry - EVU with regional rail services in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania with market share
- ↑ Small inquiry - regionalization funds for local rail transport
- ↑ Flixbus: Destinations from / to Rostock
- ↑ http://vvg-bus.de/sommerfahrplan-nach-szczecin-stettin/
- ↑ Less handling in MV · The state's ports processed around 27 million tons in 2017 . In: Daily port report from June 26, 2018, p. 2
- ↑ 39.5 million tons moved · Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania's ports with record handling . In: Daily port report of February 17, 2016, p. 4
- ↑ Statistics: Cruise Ship Calls & Passengers , Rostock Port Authority, accessed on December 29, 2016
- ↑ Cruise passengers liven up Rostock-Laage Airport , Rostock today, June 5, 2015
- ^ Parchim International Airport
- ↑ Parchim Airport: Terminal is being expanded, starting point for Chinese visitors to Europe ( Memento from May 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), NDR
- ↑ a b Education & Culture, Data 2015 - State Office for Internal Administration - Statistical Office MV, accessed on January 13, 2017
- ↑ Selection of research institutes in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , accessed on April 20, 2015
- ↑ population. Retrieved January 21, 2019 .
- ↑ Statistics MV , foreigner quota in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is 2.1 percent , accessed on September 8, 2014
- ↑ Foreign population in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Foreign Central Register) 2016 , “ Statistisches Amt Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania : Publications Statistical Reports: Population, Households, Families, Area”, accessed on September 5, 2016
- ↑ Jochen Oltmer: Forced migrations after the Second World War , in: Germany Archive Online , ed. from the Federal Agency for Civic Education , March 15, 2005.
- ↑ Manuel Slupina et al. a .: The demographic condition of the nation . How sustainable Germany's regions are. Berlin 2019, p. 51.
- ↑ Births: Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is growing the most , bild.de, January 28, 2010, accessed on November 4, 2014
- ↑ Study: The trend in MV is to have a second child , Ostsee-Zeitung, June 15, 2015
- ↑ Family and Health ( Memento of the original from November 4, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , State portal Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- ↑ Statistical Office Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania: Natural population movement in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, 3rd quarter of 2016. (PDF) November 15, 2017, accessed on January 16, 2018 .
- ↑ Manuel Slupina et al. a .: The demographic condition of the nation . How sustainable Germany's regions are. Berlin 2019, p. 50 u. 51.
- ↑ Life expectancy in Germany by federal state and gender in 2015/2017. Retrieved October 22, 2019 .
- ↑ BBSR Homepage - Federal Institute for Building, Urban and Spatial Research (BBSR) - Research and policy advice - Where life expectancy is highest in Germany. Retrieved October 22, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Evangelical Church in Germany - Church membership figures as of December 31, 2018 EKD, January 2020
- ^ Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania: Churches and denominations. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 31, 2015 ; accessed on January 11, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ islam.de
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook 2013
- ↑ MV-Tag 2016, official state festival in Güstrow , accessed on March 7, 2016
- ↑ Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, the country of music
- ↑ Landeserntedankfest with pageant in Brüsewitz , NDR , 23 September 2016
- ↑ 27th State Harvest Thanksgiving Festival Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- ↑ Thanksgiving Day ( Memento of the original from October 2, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , stralsund.de, accessed on September 30, 2016
- ^ Carnival events in MV , Ostsee-Zeitung , accessed on March 7, 2016
- ↑ Christmas markets in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , NDR, accessed on November 24, 2014
- ^ Medienanstalt Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: Medienkompetenzpreis , accessed on July 22, 2015
- ↑ Günter Herkel: Simplicity instead of diversity. In: M - Menschenmachen Medien , issue 8/9 2009, pp. 15-16.
- ↑ Filming locations in Wismar , then and now. Page of the Communication Design and Media course at the University of Wismar , accessed on July 27, 2015.
- ↑ Quiet Land and Big Cinema. Discover films, locations and stars in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , book from 2015, Hinstorff Verlag
- ↑ A visit to the oldest sports club in Germany , Boris Herrmann in: Süddeutsche Zeitung No. 3 from 4./5./6. January 2014, p. 33.
- ↑ FC Hansa Rostock Fanclubs ( Memento of the original from April 26, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ DFB Beach Soccer Cup at the Mecklenburg-Vorpommern State Football Association ( Memento from April 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Golf Association MV
- ↑ gelte-mv.de ( Memento of the original from January 15, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Development of membership numbers in the German Golf Association, January 27, 2012, accessed on January 14, 2014
- ^ Table tennis tournament of the thousand in Neubrandenburg
- ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Sailing Club Neubrandenburg: Blue Ribbon Sailing Competition , accessed on April 17, 2015
- ^ Segler-Verband Mecklenburg-Vorpommern eV
- ↑ Surfspot.de - Surfspots in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- ↑ Surfmap-MV.de ( Memento of the original from November 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Surf schools in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- ↑ Landeskanuverband Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ( Memento of the original from July 15, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Swimming Association Mecklenburg-Vorpommern eV
- ↑ https://www.auf-nach-mv.de/tauchen - diving bases and diving spots in MV
- ↑ Rally sprint around the Teterow mountain ring ( Memento of the original from June 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Kaiser Classic Tour - Oldtimer rally on Usedom
- ^ ADAC Sunflower Rally
- ↑ Kart tracks in MV
- ^ Landes-Motorsport-Fachverband eV Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
- ^ Karateunion Mecklenburg-Vorpommern eV
- ↑ State Association of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania for Riding, Driving and Vaulting eV
- ↑ Radsportverband Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ( Memento of the original from June 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Cycling for everyone: The Mecklenburg Lake Tour , NDR online, May 11, 2015
- ↑ Mecklenburger Seen-Runde ( Memento of the original from May 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Tollenseseelauf
- ↑ Haff Marathon
- ↑ Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Air Sports Association
- ↑ State Rifle Association Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Current countries:
 Baden-Württemberg
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 Bavaria
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 Berlin
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 Brandenburg
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 Bremen
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 Hamburg
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 Hesse
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 Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
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 Lower Saxony
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 North Rhine-Westphalia
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 Rhineland-Palatinate
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 Saarland
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 Saxony
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 Saxony-Anhalt
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Former countries:
.svg){kind=small} (South) Baden
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Coordinates: 53 ° 37 ' N , 12 ° 42' E