Tollensesee

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Tollensesee
Tollensesee-Panorama-Behmshoehe.jpg
Tollensesee from the Behmshöhe observation tower
Geographical location Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Tributaries Tollense ( Liepskanal section ), Nonnenbach , Gäterbach (from the linden tree )
Drain Tollense (here first Oberbach ) →  Peene →  Baltic Sea
Places on the shore Neubrandenburg
Data
Coordinates 53 ° 30 '  N , 13 ° 13'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 30 '  N , 13 ° 13'  E
Tollensesee (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
Tollensesee
Altitude above sea level 14.8  m above sea level NHN
surface 17.9 km²
length 10.26 km
width 2.394 km
volume 315.89 million m³dep1
scope 27 km
Maximum depth 31.2 m
Middle deep 17.6 m
PH value 8.7
Catchment area 502 km²

particularities

Part of a tunnel valley

The lake can only be reached on the water with small boats over the Tollense.
Tollense river system.png
Tollensesee in the water network
Template: Infobox See / Maintenance / PH VALUE

The Tollensesee is a lake south of the inner city of Neubrandenburg in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ( Germany ). It belongs to the well-known holiday area and landscape area of ​​the Mecklenburg Lake District . The lake extends over an area of ​​17.9 km² over 10.3 km in length and 2.4 km in width. Hydrologically, it lies in the course of the Tollense .

geography

The Tollensesee is located in the urban area of ​​Neubrandenburg and is part of the Lindenbergviertel in the city structure. It is located between Neubrandenburg in the north and Lake Lieps in the south. The towns bordering the lake are Broda , Klein Nemerow , Alt Rehse and Wustrow .

The greatest depth of the Tollensee is approx. 31.2 m. It is located about halfway along the length of the south-eastern shore of the lake in front of Klein Nemerow.

The Tollensesee is 10.1 kilometers long and up to 2.3 kilometers wide. Because of the water level of almost 15  m above sea level. NN and its depth of 31 m, it is one of the cryptodepressive lakes.

Islands in the Tollensesee are the Fischerinsel in the extreme southwest of Wustrow and the artificial "rubble island" in front of Neubrandenburg.

The body of water formed during the last Ice Age was long considered to be the Zungenbeck Lake . The results of more recent geological research, however, point to the formation of the lake from a tunnel valley .

Water network

The longest and, with an outflow of 0.57 m³ / s, the most water-rich tributary of the Tollensee is the Nonnenbach , traditionally called the Warbender Mühlenbach above the Wanzkaer See . However, the inflow through the Lieps was defined as the hydrological upper reaches of the Tollense . He comes from the Mürzsee near Blumenholz . From the sand mill on, it is part of the historically and topographically defined Ziemenbach . From the Lieps to the Tollensesee there are several trenches with inconsistent names. The most important one is now called Liepskanal.

From the linden tree , which actually only flows into the Tollense below the Tollenssee, a canal called Gatenbach branches off at the edge of the urban development and flows into the north of the Tollensee.

The Tollense leaves the Tollensesee in two arms. The right one is traditionally called Oberbach up to the confluence of the Neubrandenburg city moat , then Unterbach . The water drove the four-wheel mill. The left arm, called the Ölmühlenbach , went off separately from the lake until a few decades ago, today it branches off a few meters from the lake from the Oberbach. Both great arms unite after about 1.6 kilometers.

Surname

The name of the Tollensesees is derived from the Slavic "dolenzia" = valley low, "dol" or "dolina" = valley. In a late work by the Rostock theologian Eilhard Lubin (1565–1621), the Tollensesee is called “Olse See”.

history

In the area of ​​the southern end of Lake Tollensee and the adjacent Lieps, the location of the main Slavic sanctuary Rethra has been assumed for several centuries . In the numerous attempts to locate Rethra, the fishing island plays a major role alongside the Lieps. Archaeological excavations unearthed a massive cultural layer from the Slavic era and in 1968 a two-headed Slavic wooden idol was found.

In the first half of the 19th century, Mecklenburg admirers of Alexander von Humboldt named a mountain peak on the eastern shore of Lake Tollensee as Chimborazo - after a volcano in South America that Humboldt attempted to climb for the first time.

The temple-like house Belvedere was built in the early 19th century on the north-western steep bank of Lake Tollensee on the site of a simple ducal summer house, which had previously been demolished. In the 1930s, it was rebuilt as a national monument for those killed in the First World War. Later converted into a lookout point, it is still used today.

In 1942, forced laborers had to build an artificial island and a large building in the lake for a branch of the Torpedo Research Institute (TVA) of the Navy . From here, both underwater and surface torpedoes could be shot. The purpose of the tests was to improve accuracy. There were no explosions, the defused torpedoes were fished out of the water after the tests. The test route was 8 km. The bathing operation did not have to be stopped for this.

As the Red Army drew closer, the underwater part of the facility was flooded and the rest of the building was set on fire. The ruins and the entire artificial island were blown up many years later. What is left is an overgrown double island , which is now known as the rubble island , torpedo island or TVA . Remains of the test facility lie under water.

The town of Alt Rehse , located in the southwest of the lake, is also connected to the history of National Socialism: the German Medical Association's leadership school was established here in 1935 , which was important for the racial and genetic training of the German medical profession in the spirit of National Socialism .

tourism

The motor ships Rethra and Mudder Schulten near Klein Nemerow
  • In the northern area of ​​the Tollensee there are large bathing beaches and water sports centers with marinas , sailing, rowing and canoeing clubs. The adjacent cultural park in Neubrandenburg separates the lake from the built-up area of ​​the city.
  • At the large beaches on the north-west bank (Broda), on the north bank (the so-called "outdoor pool") and on the north-east bank ( Augustabad ) there are bathing opportunities in Neubrandenburg. The nudist beach Buchort in Brodaer Holz and the beach in Nonnenhof offer further bathing opportunities.
  • Around Tollensesee and Lieps there is an extended, approx. 35 km long circular cycle path with natural and cultural sights. Along the route are the Belvedere viewpoints, which is also used for weddings and cultural events, and Behmshöhe, the former National Socialist model village of Alt Rehse with its estate park and half-timbered houses, the Prillwitz hunting lodge , the Nonnenhof nature reserve , and the villages of Usadel and Klein Nemerow .
  • In Brodaer Holz , on the western bank, there is a camping site (“Gatsch Eck”).
  • Passenger ships sail the lake on a regular basis and on tours. There are boat landing stages in Neubrandenburg (Kulturpark-Badehaus), Klein Nemerow, Nonnenhof, Gatsch Eck and in Prillwitz an der Lieps.
  • There are individual holiday apartments, restaurants and hostels in some places around the lake, and in Klein Nemerow there is a four-star hotel in the Hotel Bornmühle . The three-star Hotel Badehaus in Neubrandenburg is also located directly on the lake .

natural reserve

The fishing island in the southwest of the lake is part of the Nonnenhof nature reserve

The southernmost part of Lake Tollensee with the fishing island is part of the Nonnenhof nature reserve. The area is marked by tons . The pier in Nonnenhof can be approached.

The entire lake and the surrounding forests belong to the 10,440-hectare conservation area Tollensebecken.

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Tollensesee  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f g Documentation of the condition and development of the most important lakes in Germany: Part 2 Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (PDF; 3.5 MB)
  2. a b Documentation of the condition and development of the most important lakes in Germany: Foreword (PDF; 471 kB)
  3. ^ Main statute of the city of Neubrandenburg. June 27, 2013, p. 11 ( Online , PDF ).
  4. ^ (City) Neubrandenburg: The Tollensesee
  5. ^ Eilhard Lubin: "NOVA ILLVSTRISSIMI DVCATVS POMERANIAE TABVLA" (1621)
  6. Jörg Franze: Humboldt made a little older. In: Nordkurier / Neubrandenburger Zeitung, 21./22. June 2014, p. 20.
  7. Michael Erler: Torpedoes in the Tollensesee . mdr, 2008
  8. Gatsch Eck tent and camping site on Lake Tollensesee
  9. ^ Hotel Bornmühle on Tollensesee
  10. List of landscape protection areas in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (PDF; 17 kB)