Müritz

Müritz
	The Müritzhals before Röbel
GKZ	EN: 5923
Geographical location	District of Mecklenburg Lake District , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Germany
Tributaries	Elde
Drain	Reeck Canal ( Elde ), Bolter Canal , Mirower Canal
Places on the shore	Waren (Müritz) , Röbel / Müritz
	Data
Coordinates	53 ° 25 ' N , 12 ° 41' E Coordinates: 53 ° 25 ' N , 12 ° 41' E
Altitude above sea level	62.1 m above sea level NHN
surface	112.6 km²
length	17.8 km
width	9.9 km
volume	737.0 million m³ / 0.74 km³
Maximum depth	31.0 m
Middle deep	6.5 m
PH value	7.5-8.0
Catchment area	663 km²
particularities	largest inner German lake

The Müritz ([ ˈmyːʁɪts ]; probably from Slavic "small sea", cf. Lower Sorbian mórjo , Polish morze , "sea") is a lake within the Mecklenburg Lake District in the Mecklenburg Lake District , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . It is the largest lake that lies entirely within Germany. The Bodensee is larger but him also have Austria and Switzerland share.

The entire Müritz is part of the federal waterway Müritz-Elde waterway with the waterway class I; The Lauenburg Waterways and Shipping Office is responsible .

In the east the lake borders the Müritz National Park , Germany's largest terrestrial national park.

geography

structure

The Müritz basin can be divided into several large bays. Compared to the flat eastern part of the lake, the western side is structured by channel-like depressions such as the Röbeler and Sietower bays. In the city of Waren in the north of the lake is the Binnenmüritz with the deepest part of the lake (−31 m), which has only a narrow connection with the main basin of the Müritz. In the south of the lake is the Kleine Müritz, from which the Müritzarm branches off to the south with the Müritzsee at its end. The extension in north-south direction is about 29 km, in east-west direction about 13 km. The Müritz has a catchment area of around 663 km². The Müritz is traversed by the Elde from south to north and has a connection to the west from the Binnenmüritz to the Kölpinsee via the Reeck Canal (also known as the Eldenburger Canal) . Since it also feeds the Havel to the east via the Mirower Canal , which is part of the Müritz-Havel waterway , and the Bolter Canal and chains of lakes connected to it, it has artificially become a bifurcating body of water.

Emergence

The Müritz was formed during the last Ice Age between the Pomeranian and Frankfurt Stadium. Originally, the entire Mecklenburg Lake District was a large lake, which was divided into several smaller interconnected lakes due to the lowering of the lake level.

Water level

The water level of the Müritz has been changed several times in the past centuries, primarily through human intervention. Originally it was 60.5 meters above sea level in the 12th century, the water was dammed up to 64.35 meters in 1737 to operate mills, among other things in the course of the Eld outflow in several positive and negative steps. As early as 1739, the mill jam was lowered again by 1.51 meters. In the course of two Elderegulations and two other changes to the mill dam, the water level was 62 m above sea level in 1836 . NN at today's level.

National park

In 1990 the Müritz National Park was designated as a protected area with an area of 322 km² on the east bank of the Müritz, which in places has a unique flora and fauna . Fjäll cattle and Gotland sheep are used here to maintain the landscape . The peninsulas Großer Schwerin and Steinhorn and their surroundings in the south-west and the Müritz part bank near Rechlin in the south-east of the lake are designated as nature reserves . With the exception of the small water area covered by the national park in the east of the Müritz, the entire Müritz is a landscape protection area .

flora

The special shape of the Müritz means that there is basically only one east and one west bank. The shore zones in the west are characterized by meadows, small forests and fields curving on gentle hills. On the east side, part of the national park belongs to the shore area. There are mostly wet bushes, quarry forests and reed areas . Extensive pine forests follow.

Localities

The largest city on the Müritz is Waren (Müritz) . Other places are (clockwise) Rechlin , Priborn , Vipperow , Ludorf , Röbel / Müritz , Gotthun , Sietow and Klink .

Partial waters and adjacent waters

Müritzhals, in the background the Röbeler Marienkirche

Boathouses in front of Röbel

Ice removal at the Volksbad (“Majors Eck”) on the Müritz in Waren, February 2003

The lake itself is called Müritz and not Müritzsee , this is just a historical name. The actual Müritzsee connects to the south of the Müritzarm . The Müritz has the following partial waters or sections:

Binnenmüritz, the northern part of the lake near Waren (Müritz),
Sietower Bay,
Röbeler Binnensee and
Tooth lank in the west,
Kleine Müritz between Rechlin and Vipperow and
Müritzarm in the south, a very narrow section of the lake at Priborn through which the Elde flows , south of Priborn the Elde flows into the Müritz,
Müritzsee from the mouth of the Elde to Buchholz, where the Müritz-Elde waterway begins.

adjacent waters:

from the Müritz in the northwest the Elde flows into the Kölpinsee
in the Müritz National Park in the east of the Müritz: Feisneck , Rederangsee and Specker See
also in the east the Alte Fahrt zur Havel (via Bolter Canal , Caarpsee , Woterfitzsee , Leppinsee , Die Mössel, Großer and Kleiner Kotzower See, Granzower Möschen and Mirower See to Mirow )
from the Kleine Müritz the Mirower Canal branches off as a new route to the Havel to Mirow

literature

The Müritz area (= values of the German homeland . Volume 60). 1st edition. Verlag Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1999, ISBN 3-7400-0940-3 .

Web links

Commons : Müritz - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Muritz National Park

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Documentation of the condition and development of the most important lakes in Germany: Part 2 Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (PDF; 3.5 MB)

↑ Directory E, Ser. No. 35 of the Chronicle ( Memento of the original from July 22, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wsv.de

↑ Fred Ruchhöft: The water level of the "Upper Lakes" in Mecklenburg in the Middle Ages and early modern times in: Archaeological reports from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Vol. 6, 1999

[Daten-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Documentation of the condition and development of the most important lakes in Germany: Part 2 Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (PDF; 3.5 MB)