Penzlin

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Penzlin (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 53 ° 30 '  N , 13 ° 5'  E
Basic data
State :	Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County :	Mecklenburg Lake District
Office :	Penzliner Land
Height :	56 m above sea level NHN
Area :	115.58 km 2
Residents:	4128 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	36 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	17217
Primaries :	03962, 039928
License plate :	MSE, AT, DM, MC, MST, MÜR, NZ, RM, WRN
Community key :	13 0 71 115
City administration address :	Warener Chaussee 55a 17217 Penzlin
Website :	amt-penzliner-land.de
Mayor :	Sven Flechner
Location of the city of Penzlin in the Mecklenburg Lake District

Penzlin (colloquially: Punschendörp ) is a town in the district of Mecklenburg Lake District in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Germany). The city is the seat of the administration of the Penzliner Land office , to which three other municipalities belong. The place near Neubrandenburg is a basic center .

geography

Panorama of Penzlin (view to the north)

Geographical location

The city is located on the eastern edge of the Müritz National Park , 28 kilometers east of Waren (Müritz) and 110 kilometers north of Berlin . The Great City Lake in the southeast of Penzlin, a lake in the Mecklenburg Lake District , is like the other lakes in the Lake District a product of the last ice advances of the Vistula Ice Age between the terminal moraine ranges of the Pomeranian (northeast) and the Frankfurt Stadium (southwest).

City structure

District Werder (in the foreground the large Penzlin city lake)

The following districts belong to the city of Penzlin:

Penzlin Old Rehse Ave Carlstein	Great Flotow Great Lukow Big Thank you Little Lukow	Luebkow Mallin Marihn Mollenstorf	Neuhof Passentin Look around Werder	Wustrow Driving

history

Name and Slav period

Penzlin emerged from a Slavic settlement. At the Penzlin city lake there is a Slavic weir system from the 10th to 13th centuries. It is also known as the English Garden .

The place was first mentioned around 1170 with the old Polish personal name Parcelin in the (falsified) confirmation document of the Broda monastery . In the 13th century it was first called Pancilin , then Pentzelyn and finally Pentzelin in 1263 .

middle Ages

Historic city center (view from Penzlin Castle)

The place under German law must have been founded before 1226. In 1263 Prince Nikolaus I von Werle confirmed the “cives” of Penzlin the privileges that his father Heinrich Borwin II had given them. Penzlin has been a town since 1263, with Schwerin law. During this time the old castle was built. Since 1274 at the latest, Penzlin was the seat of a sovereign bailiff .

In 1291 Heinrich I von Werle was murdered by his sons, and one of the two ( Heinrich II ) entrenched himself in Penzlin until 1300. From 1316 the place belonged to the Werle-Güstrow lordship . Around 1350 Klaus von Plasten was the town's lien holder, followed by Governor Wedege von Plote in 1378. From 1397 he shared the rule with the von Voss family. The princes then pledged the city to the Lords of Maltzan in 1414 .

The Gothic brick church of St. Nikolai was built in the 14th century . While the citizens of the city and the residents of the state of Penzlin were essentially subject to the Lords of Werle until 1436 (Werle fell to Mecklenburg in 1436 ), the von Maltzan knightly dynasty resided at Penzlin Castle for over 500 years from 1414, with a few interruptions. Penzlin became official on 16/18. July 1501 family loan under Bernd von Maltzan . Since 1777 the rights were severely restricted as lords, and was Penzlin country town in Mecklenburg and as such one of the towns in Wendish circle that until 1918 at the Mecklenburg Country days of 1523 united estates were represented

Several fires raged in the city. In 1558 Penzlin burned down completely.

In the spring of 2015, eleven graves were discovered in Mauerstrasse without any connection to a regular cemetery. They probably came from the late Middle Ages or early modern times. Eight skeletons were anthropologically examined by Bettina Jungklaus . Six died between the ages of 20 and 50, and two were older children. Four of the buried were male and two female, the remaining two could not be determined. The body heights corresponded to the typical time average. The disease burden was inconspicuous, there was only evidence of a fairly high level of physical stress. The reasons for the irregular burial of the deceased at the city wall could not be clarified.

17th and 18th centuries

In 1725, a city fire spared only two houses out of 150. The tall, slender church tower also fell victim to the flames.

The later poet Johann Heinrich Voss, born near Waren in 1751, lived in Penzlin from 1752 and attended the Klippschule and in 1759 the town's school. He remained connected to the place: “In Penzlin it was where I first slurred father and mother and received the first impressions of childhood; a nice little town on a hill with an old wall, bushy wall and a decaying castle; a wide, gently rolling urban area of ​​busy grounds; Forests of oaks and beeches, lakes rich in fish flowing together through meadow streams; about a multitude of noble goods that sold and bought there; a wealthy and courageous citizenship of simple morals, prosperous through industry and intercourse. "

Witch trials and their victims

In Penzlin, as in many other places in Mecklenburg, there were witch trials. Before the Thirty Years War , the witch's cellar was set up in the castle in 1560. The witch trial against Benigna Schultzen stretched over twelve years from 1699 to 1711 and was one of the longest in the history of the witch hunts .

At the end of the 17th century, Baron Georg Julius von Maltzan ran into financial difficulties. So he was very interested in gaining access to the assets of Penzlin citizens and farmers as a court lord. The witch trials were ideally suited for this. Exemplary are the judgments against Benigna Schultzen, Anna Gröning (wife of Mathias Sponholtz), Dorothea Kopen, Dorothea Werths and, even more obviously, the trial against Elisabeth Dabers, Christian Wedens “wife”. The Duke of Mecklenburg forbade the burning of witches in 1688. The farming family Weden lost their belongings despite the ban. Mrs. Weden was denounced by Herr von Holstein zu Lukow, put on the stake "with the fewer from life to death", and the judge of the city, Baron von Maltzan, was 30 thalers richer. A comprehensive list of victims of the witch hunt in Mecklenburg is on display in the museum.

Recent history

In 1833 the city's hard-earned wealth was destroyed in a fire. 116 barns burned down. From 1879 to 1889 the lawyer and later castle researcher Otto Piper was mayor of Penzlin. In 1885, Penzlin was connected to the Mecklenburg Southern Railway network on the Neubrandenburg-Parchim line. In the course of reparations payments, the line was dismantled in 1945/46.

With the November Revolution of 1918, the Maltzans lost their last rights vis-à-vis the citizens of the city, including jurisdiction and patronage over the church and school. Penzlin was a small country town . In addition to trade, craft or trade, the citizens mostly ran a small farm.

In the early morning of April 30, 1945, the Red Army entered the city without a fight. “Looting, rape, shootings and suicide did not stop. Around 230 people committed suicide in Penzlin. It was an inferno. On May 1st, the city was infected by the Russians. Penzliners who wanted to extinguish were hindered and threatened ” .

In December 1945 the Soviet secret police NKVD arrested nine young people for alleged belonging to the " werewolf ". A Soviet military tribunal sentenced two to the death penalty and seven to prison terms of between 10 and 25 years. At the funeral of one of the victims in 1950, the funeral service with 300 participants from Penzlin turned into a demonstration against the newly founded GDR. Since then, those who died in custody in the GDR were no longer allowed to be publicly buried.

The inner city, which was partially destroyed by the Soviet arson in 1945, was built on with different types of houses during the GDR era.

From 1952 to 1994 Penzlin belonged to the district of Waren (until 1990 in the GDR district of Neubrandenburg , then in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania). In 1994 the city was incorporated into the Müritz district. Since the district reform in 2011 , the city has been in the Mecklenburg Lake District .

In 1989, many citizens took part in the Monday demonstrations in Penzlin and thus fought on a “small scale” for the turnaround towards a new democratic order in Germany.

In 1990 Penzlin became a model town for urban development funding in the new federal states. In the period that followed, the castle area and the historic town center were renovated.

In June 2019, the CDU parliamentary group formed a counting community with the only AfD representative for the constituent city representative meeting. This allowed the CDU to claim more seats in committees. The AfD representative now has seats on the auditing and school and culture committee. Without the cooperation with the CDU, the AfD would not have got a seat on a committee. It was the first such collaboration between the CDU in Germany and the AfD.

History of the districts

Alt Rehse was first mentioned in 1182 as reze . In the Middle Ages, the Rehse estate belonged to the Premonstratensian monastery Broda , after which it belonged to many different owners. a. also of the von Maltzan family .

Groß Flotow was first mentioned in 1418. The early Gothic first church dates back to the 13th century.

Groß Many was first mentioned in 1170 as Groten Vylim . The large gatehouse was built in 1740, the manor in 1905. The families von Peccatel , Holstein, Oertzen and Wenck belonged to a. to the owners of the property.

Mallin was first mentioned in a document in 1348. The Mallin mansion was built in 1871. The von Maltzan family owned the estate from the 15th century until 1857.

Vossfeld: Landowners were Major Otto von Schlieffen around 1896 and then Chamberlain Carl Otto Graf von Schlieffen.

Field names

• Iron Gate (Isern Purt)
• Teufelsbrück or Teufelsbruch
• Penzliner Zipfel
• Wedensee (southern border)
• Wehdenfurt
• Smor
• Gallows Mountain

Incorporations

Alt Rehse and Wustrow have been part of the city of Penzlin since July 1st, 2008 . On June 7th, 2009 the communities Groß Flotow , Groß Großen , Marihn and Mollenstorf with a total of about 1000 inhabitants were incorporated into the town of Penzlin. On January 1, 2011, the municipality of Klein Lukow with its districts Carlstein, Groß Lukow and Klein Lukow was incorporated into the city. Mallin followed on January 1, 2012 with the Passentin district.

Population development

year Residents 1990 2934 1995 2717 2000 2601 2005 2574 2010 3795

year Residents 2015 4248 2016 4212 2017 4177 2018 4159 2019 4128

Status: December 31 of the respective year

The strong increase in the number of inhabitants in 2010 is due to the incorporation of five places in 2008/09. The population growth in 2015 was the result of the incorporation of two more places in 2011/12.

politics

City council

The city council of Penzlin consists of 15 members and the mayor. Since the local elections on May 26, 2019, it has been composed as follows:

Party / community of voters	Voting share	MPs
CDU	22.5%	3
Voting community Penzliner Land	22.0%	3
SPD	15.0%	2
Livable Penzlin	13.7%	2
The left	09.2%	2
AfD	08.5%	1
Green	02.8%	1
FDP	02.6%	1
Further	03.6%	0
All in all	100%	15th

mayor

• since 1999: Sven Flechner (Voting Association Penzliner Land)

In the mayoral election on September 22, 2013, Flechner was confirmed in office for another seven years with 70.6 percent of the valid votes.

coat of arms

Blazon : “Split; in front in gold a half-looking black bull's head at the crack with a closed mouth, a knocked out red tongue and silver horns, on the head a half-growing golden lily; at the back divided nine times by red over silver. " The coat of arms was redrawn in 2003 by the Schwerin heraldist Heinz Kippnick as part of the flag approval . It was established on April 10, 1858 by Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and registered under No. 91 of the coat of arms of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Reasons for the coat of arms: The coat of arms is based on the coat of arms of SIGILLVM CIVITATIS PENCELIN - first handed down as an imprint in 1328 - and was determined in its current form in April 1858. On January 30, 1941, the city's governor in Mecklenburg confirmed a coat of arms that had been slightly modified by Prof. Hans Herbert Schweitzer from Berlin , but which lost its validity soon after World War II: Split; in front in gold a half-looking black bull's head at the crack with a wide open mouth, silver teeth, a knocked out red tongue, torn neck fur and black horns, on the head a half-growing red lily; at the back divided eightfold by red over silver. The design of the restored emblem probably imitates the coat of arms of the Ascanian line of Count Anhalt, from which the wife of Nicholas I, Herr zu Werle, came. Instead of the half eagle, however, the half Werlean bull's head was placed, the rear nine-fold division was retained, but tinged in the Brandenburg colors. This could have illustrated the change in the rulership structure in the state and town of Penzlin. While the half bull's head clearly points to the Lord zu Werle as the feudal and city lord at that time, the rear ninefold division should remind of the previous feudal bond to the margravial Brandenburg line of the Ascanians.

flag

The flag was approved on April 24, 2003 by the Ministry of the Interior.

The flag is evenly striped in red and yellow across the longitudinal axis of the flag cloth. In the middle of the flag is the city coat of arms, one third of the length of the red and yellow stripes. The length of the flag is related to the height as 5: 3.

Official seal

The official seal shows the city coat of arms with the inscription "STADT PENZLIN • LANDKREIS MECKLENBURGISCHE SEENPLATTE".

administration

The city administration of Penzlin has a full-time mayor at the head of the administration. As the managing municipality of the Penzliner Land office, it also takes on the administration of the associated municipalities. In Realunion, the mayor of the city of Penzlin is the chief administrative officer of the administrative office of the Penzliner Land office. Even before the Möllenhagen Office merged with the Penzlin Office , the city was the managing municipality of the Penzlin Office at that time.

Town twinning

• Otterndorf , Lower Saxony
• Friendly relations with the city of Łęczyca in Poland
• Contacts with German cities in which Johann Heinrich Voss worked

Sights and culture

St. Mary's Church

Penzlin Castle

Slavic ramparts Grapenwerder

Penzlin city lake

→ See also the list of architectural monuments in Penzlin

St. Mary's Church

The parish church of St. Marien is a three-aisled hall church made of bricks with four bays and a square west tower with side halls and a portal vestibule. It dates from the 14th century, the south chapel (early Gothic) probably from the 13th century. The tower was torn down in 1725 up to the ridge of the nave . The theologian Erhard Johann August Wüstney (1791-1854) was active in the parish from 1817 to 1837 as a pastor. From 1877 to 1878 the church was extensively restored by Georg Daniel . In addition, a choir bay was added on the east side. In the west, a tower protruding over the roof was rebuilt in place of the preserved tower substructure with a bell storey. The interior alterations, including the furnishings, were considerable. In the naves, the wooden baroque cove ceilings were massively vaulted, and massive built-in galleries were built into the aisles . The patronage family von Maltzahn was also the client for the renovation.

Old castle

The Old Castle was built in the 13th century and the Hexenkeller followed in 1560. It was the secondary residence of the Princes of Werle and, from 1501, the ancestral seat of the von Maltzan family . The castle has been partially uninhabitable since the 18th century and has been owned by the city since 1941. The restoration of the preserved remains of the castle began in 1991. Today, the Museum of Cultural History for everyday magic and witch persecution in Mecklenburg and a castle restaurant are located here . Every year on the penultimate weekend in August there is a medieval castle festival; In addition, Walpurgis Night is also celebrated at the castle.

Slavic ramparts

The Slavic rampart on the Penzlin city lake is a smaller complex that was protected by ramparts. It dates from the 10th to 12th centuries, but was still used in the early German period. The facility was built on a peninsula in the lake and additionally protected by a wide ditch facing the mainland. The moat is easy to see in seasons with little vegetation. The weir system is approximately 40 meters wide and 70 meters long and has an oval floor plan. It has two larger gates, one in the direction of the sea and one in the direction of Penzlin. Another castle wall, the Grapenwerder , is located in the north of the city. The wall is circular, has a diameter of about 160 meters and rises 60  m above sea level. NHN .

Slavic Landwehr walls: In the south of the city boundary between Klein-Vielener See and Prillwitz there is the Iron Gate, Isern Purt in Low German , an old Slavic Landwehr (Landwehr) with two to four walls and moats. The weir system was a border fortification, which, taking advantage of natural obstacles such as the Wedensee, the small town lake, and following the rosewood to Prillwitz, represented a well-equipped obstacle. An old map shows the medieval water level and the course of the stream, there is a field name between Wedensee and the Kleiner Stadtsee, the Teufelsbrück (a historic passage through the weir). Partly swampy parallel trenches and partly water-bearing brooks in them, beginning at Klein Vielener See and ending at Prillwitz / Zippelow, form the old Landhemme. At the ends of the Wedensee the complex is still preserved as a ground monument with approx. 2 to 3 meter high earthen walls, also in the rosewood. The water level in Wedensee could be regulated from time immemorial, in a drainage ditch to the Klein Vielener lake a weir, carved from large field stones, is still visible for a plank wall.

Johann Heinrich Voss House

In March 2019, in the former Rector's House in Penzlin, where Voss went to school, the “Johann-Heinrich-Voss-Haus” opened a literary house with a city library, tourist information and a permanent exhibition entitled “Johann Heinrich Voss. A Greek from Mecklenburg. "

More buildings

• Half-timbered house on Hirtenstrasse
• Former hospital from 1867 as a two-story, red-stone half-timbered building
• The Neue Burg, the two-storey mansion of the Maltzans from 1810, is located slightly above the Old Castle and has been a community center since 2008.

Monuments

• Memorial for Johann Heinrich Voss at the church, created by Walther Preik (1982).

Jewish Cemetery

About 55 tombstones have been preserved in the Jewish cemetery on the south-western outskirts of “Am Ziegelkamp” .

music

Penzlin is known in the region for its great musical diversity, which is particularly evident in some choirs and many music groups / bands.

There are three choirs that exist as registered associations and a few others without this framework. The Penzlin men's choir is the oldest choir in Penzlin and was founded in 1907 and was awarded the Zelter badge by the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Ministry of Culture in 2008 at the “Punch Body Singer Meeting” . The women's choir Penzlin was founded in 1977, the mixed church choir in 1987. There is also the choir of the regional school, the AWO kindergarten and the children's choir of the Protestant parish. In addition to the Penzlin brass band, founded in 1971, there are a good dozen other music groups / bands.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Street

Remainder of the old B 192 shortly before the western entrance to the town

Penzlin is on the B 192 federal road between Waren and Neubrandenburg and on the B 193 from Penzlin to Neustrelitz . The closest motorway junction is Neubrandenburg-Ost on the A 20 ( Rostock - Uckermark triangle ) 27 km away.

rail

Penzlin has no rail connection. The nearest train stations are Neubrandenburg and Neustrelitz Hbf .

Until the Second World War, the tracks of the Mecklenburg Southern Railway connected Penzlin with Neubrandenburg and Waren (Müritz). After 1945, parts of the railway line were dismantled as a reparation payment to the Soviet Union . The line between Möllenhagen and Neubrandenburg was not rebuilt. The embankment can still be seen almost everywhere. The section from Möllenhagen to Waren (Müritz) is regularly used by the concrete works in Rethwisch .

Transportation

Local public transport is operated by the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Transport Company. There are regular bus connections to Waren (Müritz) and Neubrandenburg with the datBus and to Neustrelitz. There are three stops within Penzlin: a western one on Warener Chaussee directly in front of the administrative office, the bus station on Bahnhofsplatz and an eastern one in Neubrandenburger Chaussee (opposite the cemetery).

There was a bus depot in Penzlin until shortly after the fall of the Wall .

Energy-and water supply

Part of the city is connected to a district heating network. The operating company is KMR-Service GmbH , which is 100% owned by the city of Penzlin. After the reunification, a new sewage treatment plant was built for Penzlin and some surrounding villages and the city was connected to the gas network. In 2010, a wind farm with five wind turbines was built west of the city .

education

• Regional school with elementary school "Johann Heinrich Voss", Hirtenstrasse 12/14

Before 1990 there was a polytechnic high school , a special school and an extended high school .

• Several day-care centers run by the Protestant community and the workers' welfare organization.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the city and its current districts

Penzlin

• Conrad Daniel Graf von Blücher-Altona (1764–1845), Upper President of Altona
• Marie Hager (1872–1947), landscape and architecture painter
• Ludwig Karnatz (1879–1939), writer
• Louis Mücke (1879–1967), politician (SPD)
• Reinhard Piper (1879–1953), publisher
• Bernhard Goesch (1880–1934), pastor
• Anna Stiegler (1881–1963), politician (SPD)
• Rudolf Haaker (1887–?), Politician ( DNVP , CDU)
• Gottfried Holtz (1899–1989), theologian
• Gerd Gombert (1935–1993), painter
• Peter Krause (1943–2019), politician (CDU)
• Boje Schmuhl (* 1950), politician (CDU) and ethnographer
• Kerstin Metzner (* 1961), politician (SPD)

Great Flotow

• Jost Reinhold (* 1929), entrepreneur and patron

Great Lukow

• Ernst Hans Eberhard (1866–1945), student historian

Big Thank you

• Hermann Haack (1876–1967), Minister of State in Mecklenburg-Schwerin

Little Lukow

• Wolfgang Plottke (* 1948), rower

Mallin

• Friedrich von Maltzan (1838–1914), Prussian lieutenant general

Marihn

• Friedrich von Graevenitz (1790–1870), forester

Werder

• Ferdinand von Maltzan (1778–1849), manor owner

Personalities associated with Penzlin and its current districts

Penzlin

• Maltzahn or Moltzahn, noble family with a Penzlin line
• Benigna Schultzen (in the 17th century – after 1711), accused in a witch trial, lived in Penzlin
• Conrad Lüder von Pentz (1728–1782), genealogist, lived in Penzlin from 1765
• Johann Heinrich Voss (1751–1826) poet, grew up in Penzlin
• Erhard Wüstney (1791–1854), pastor in Penzlin
• Joachim August Alms (1803–1847), pharmacist in Penzlin, discoverer of the Santonin
• Eduard Napp (1804–1882), Rector in Penzlin
• Eduard Danneil (1806–1878), Rector in Penzlin
• Luise Mühlbach (1814–1873), writer, spent childhood years in Penzlin
• Otto Piper (1841–1921), Mayor of Penzlin
• Rudolf Beyer (1852–1926), Mayor of Penzlin
• Hein Mück (1895–1967), Bremerhaven city original, lived in Penzlin after 1945
• Annelie Thorndike (1925–2012), documentary filmmaker, headmistress in Penzlin
• Siegfried Heuer (1927–2009), school director in Penzlin

Districts

• Ernst Brückner (1746–1805), preacher in Great Many
• Wolfgang Köpp (* 1933), veterinarian and mayor of Alt-Rehse
• Dorothee Rätsch (* 1940), sculptor and graphic artist, lives in Passentin

Web links

Commons : Penzlin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature about Penzlin in the state bibliography MV
• www.amt-penzliner-land.de - Official website of Penzlin and the associated department

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Regional Spatial Development Program Mecklenburg Lake District (2011) , Regional Planning Association, accessed on July 12, 2015
3. ↑ § 1 of the main statute of the city of Penzlin
4. ^ Project Penzlin, special burials on the city wall. In: anthropologie-jungklaus.de. Retrieved June 4, 2017 . 
5. ↑ Traces of the early enlightenment in the revision process of the Benigna Schultzen by Andreas Würschinger, pages 333 to 358, published in the Witches' Tribunal: Contributions to a historical phenomenon between law and religion / c. Becker… Sankt-Ulrich-Verlag, Augsburg 2001, ISBN 3-929246-68-6 .
6. ↑ His main work Burgenkunde is a standard work of German-speaking castle research.
7. ↑ See contemporary witness report. In: Joachim Schultz-Naumann: Mecklenburg 1945. 2nd edition. Universitas-Verlag Munich, 1990. ISBN 3-8004-1215-2 . Pp. 173-174.
8. ↑ A. Kaminsky [Ed.]: Places of Remembrance: Memorial signs, memorials and museums on the dictatorship in the Soviet occupation zone and GDR. Bonn 2007. p. 262 f.
9. ↑ AKK excludes work with the AfD - In Penzlin they act differently welt.de from June 25, 2019, accessed on June 25, 2019
10. ↑ StBA Area: changes from 01.01. until December 31, 2008
11. ↑ StBA: Area changes from January 2nd to December 31st, 2009
12. ^ Area changes in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. January 1 to 19, 2011 (PDF; 60 kB) State Statistical Office MV
13. ↑ Population development of the districts and municipalities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Statistical Report AI of the Statistical Office Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
14. ^ Official final result of the city council election of Penzlin on May 26, 2019 , accessed June 25, 2019
15. ↑ The mayor introduces himself. on www.amt-penzliner-land.de
16. ↑ Battle for the town halls. In: Nordkurier September 22, 2013.
17. ↑ Hans-Heinz Schütt: On shield and flag production office TINUS, Schwerin 2011, ISBN 978-3-9814380-0-0 , p. 319/320.
18. ↑ ^{a b} main statute § 2 (PDF).
19. ↑ For details, see the Penzliner Land Office: Penzliner History> Witches and witch persecution
20. ↑ Landhemme Isern Purt near Werder / City of Penzlin
21. ↑ Literaturhaus for poets and Homer translators Voss opened
22. ↑ MVVG bus connections
23. ↑ Ludwig Karnatz. on www.www.niederdeutsche-literatur.de
24. ↑ Grete Grewolls: Who was who in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. Hinstorff, Rostock 2011.
25. ^ Carl Lüdke: Joachim August Alms and the discovery of the Santonin. In: Deutsche Apotheker-Zeitung , No. 2, 1959, p. 14.
26. ↑ Stephan Sehlke: teachers - pastors - patriots. Books on Demand GmbH, 2009, p. 75.
27. ^ Rudolf Beyer. on www.amt-penzliner-land.de
28. ^ Siegfried Hoyer. on www.amt-penzliner-land.de